Python 爬虫 (二)

cookiejar模块:

• 管理储存cookie，将传出的http请求添加cookie
• cookie存储在内存中，CookieJar示例回收后cookie将自动消失

实例:用cookjar访问人人网主页

import json
from urllib import request,parse
from http import cookiejar

#实例化一个cookiejar对象
cookiejar_object = cookiejar.CookieJar()
#生成cookie管理器
cookie_handler = request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookiejar_object)
#有了opener,就可以代替urlopen来进行请求网页
opener = request.build_opener(cookie_handler)


#获取网页的登陆接口
url = 'http://www.renren.com/ajaxLogin/login?1=1&uniqueTimestamp=2018721532875'

#将网页的form信息获取
form = {
    'email':'xxx',
    'icode':'',
    'origURL':'http://www.renren.com/home',
    'domain':'renren.com',
    'key_id':'1',
    'captcha_type':'web_login',
    'password':'xxx',
    'rkey':'79d8184f25d678248262a91caf3e7ea8',
    'f':'http%3A%2F%2Fzhibo.renren.com%2Ftop',
}


#将数据转换成二进制
form_b = parse.urlencode(form).encode('utf-8')

#将url和表单信息,还有获取到的cookie去访问网页
response = opener.open(url,form_b)
html_b = response.read()#字节类型
# print(html_b)


res_dict = json.loads(html_b.decode('utf-8'))
#获取登陆后的个人主页url
home_url = res_dict['homeUrl']

# print(home_url)
# 访问个人主页
response = opener.open(home_url)
html_bytes = response.read()
print(html_bytes.decode('utf-8'))

python Proxy代理

from urllib import request

proxy = {
    'http': 'http://219.141.153.41:80'
}

url = 'http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=ip'
# request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie)
handler = request.ProxyHandler(proxy)

# 生成 opener.open = urlopen
opener = request.build_opener(handler)

# 同过opener访问百度

response = opener.open(url, timeout=5)
# 存储页面
with open('baidu.html', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(response.read())

有道词典翻译接口 

import time
import random
import json
from Day1.tuozhan_all import post

def md5_my(need_str):
    import hashlib
    # 创建md5对象
    md5_o = hashlib.md5()
    # 需要有bytes, 作为参数
    # 由str, 转换成 bytes encode-------str.encode('utf-8')
    # 由bytes转换成 str, decode---------bytes.decode('utf-8')
    sign_bytes = need_str.encode('utf-8')
    # 更新md5 object的值
    md5_o.update(sign_bytes)
    sign_str = md5_o.hexdigest()
    return sign_str

# url

def translate(kw):
    url = 'http://fanyi.youdao.com/translate_o?smartresult=dict&smartresult=rule'

    headers = {
        'Accept': 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8',
        'Connection': 'keep-alive',
        'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
        'Cookie': 'OUTFOX_SEARCH_USER_ID=-493176930@10.168.8.63; OUTFOX_SEARCH_USER_ID_NCOO=38624120.26076847; SESSION_FROM_COOKIE=unknown; JSESSIONID=aaabYcV4ZOU-JbQUha2uw; ___rl__test__cookies=1534210912076',
        'Host': 'fanyi.youdao.com',
        'Origin': 'http://fanyi.youdao.com',
        'Referer': 'http://fanyi.youdao.com/',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36',
        'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
    }


    # form 的生成1. i 需要确定, 2, salt, 3, sign
    key= kw

    # salt : ((new Date).getTime() + parseInt(10 * Math.random(), 10))
    salt = int(time.time()*1000 + random.randint(0,10))
    print('salt:',salt)
    salt_str = str(salt)

    # sign : o = u.md5(S + n + r + D);
    # S = "fanyideskweb"
    # D = "ebSeFb%=XZ%T[KZ)c(sy!"
    # n = key
    # r = salt_str
    S = "fanyideskweb"
    D = "ebSeFb%=XZ%T[KZ)c(sy!"
    sign_str = S + key + salt_str + D
    # md5 加密的方法
    sign_md5_str = md5_my(sign_str)

    form = {
        'i': key,
        'from': 'AUTO',
        'to': 'AUTO',
        'smartresult': 'dict',
        'client': 'fanyideskweb',
        'salt': salt_str,
        'sign': sign_md5_str,
        'doctype': 'json',
        'version': '2.1',
        'keyfrom': 'fanyi.web',
        'action': 'FY_BY_REALTIME',
        'typoResult': 'false',
    }

    html_bytes = post(url, form, headers=headers)

    # 将 json 类型的 str, 转化成, 字典
    res_dict = json.loads(html_bytes.decode('utf-8'))
    #print(html_bytes.decode('utf-8'))

    translate_res = res_dict['translateResult'][0][0]['tgt']
    return translate_res

if __name__ == '__main__':
    ret = translate('中国')

    print('翻译的结果:' + ret)