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  • Nginx解决前端跨域问题

     最近连续两个朋友问我跨域相关问题,我猜想可能不少朋友也遇到类似问题,我打算写个博客聊一下我实际使用的配置,

    先说明一下,我并不太了解这配置,没精力去了解太多,但我觉得其中有一些关键的小注意点,可能有些初学者不太注意到,导致配置有问题,本文章可能只对新手有点帮助,如果你有好配置,欢迎评论回复,让大家学习!

    Nginx的CORS配置,网上太多这配置了,但大家更多的复制粘贴、转发,几乎都是类似下面这三两行:

    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers X-Requested-With;
    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods GET,POST,OPTIONS;

    这样有用么?有用,我以前这样使用也正常过,但后来还是遇到问题了,发现有些项目请求就不成功,也遇到有些浏览器成功,有些浏览器不成功;

    我也在网上查找各种资料和调整写法,最后我调整好的写法,基本的使用没问题,我在项目中也一直使用着!

    下面发一段我实际项目中的部分配置:

    location /xxx-web {
      add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' $http_origin;
      add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true';
      add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
      add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,web-token,app-token,Authorization,Accept,Origin,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Mx-ReqToken,X-Data-Type,X-Auth-Token,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range';
      add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length,Content-Range';
      if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
        add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
        add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain; charset=utf-8';
        add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
        return 204;
      }
      root   html;
      index  index.html index.htm;
      proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
      proxy_set_header Host $host;
      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
      proxy_connect_timeout 5;
    }

    跨域相关的配置,主要是下面这部分:

     add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' $http_origin;
      add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true';
      add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
      add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,web-token,app-token,Authorization,Accept,Origin,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Mx-ReqToken,X-Data-Type,X-Auth-Token,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range';
      add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length,Content-Range';
      if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
        add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
        add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain; charset=utf-8';
        add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
        return 204;
      }

    下面简单讲解一下,以便大家配置成功!

    1、Access-Control-Allow-Origin,这里使用变量 $http_origin取得当前来源域,大家说用“*”代表允许所有,我实际使用并不成功,原因未知;

    2、Access-Control-Allow-Credentials,为 true 的时候指请求时可带上Cookie,自己按情况配置吧;

    3、Access-Control-Allow-Methods,OPTIONS一定要有的,另外一般也就GET和POST,如果你有其它的也可加进去;

    4、Access-Control-Allow-Headers,这个要注意,里面一定要包含自定义的http头字段(就是说前端请求接口时,如果在http头里加了自定义的字段,这里配置一定要写上相应的字段),从上面可看到我写的比较长,我在网上搜索一些常用的写进去了,里面有“web-token”和“app-token”,这个是我项目里前端请求时设置的,所以我在这里要写上;

    5、Access-Control-Expose-Headers,可不设置,看网上大致意思是默认只能获返回头的6个基本字段,要获取其它额外的,先在这设置才能获取它;

    6、语句“ if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') { ”,因为浏览器判断是否允许跨域时会先往后端发一个 options 请求,然后根据返回的结果判断是否允许跨域请求,所以这里单独判断这个请求,然后直接返回;

    好了,按我上面配置基本都可使用(有些朋友确定只百度复制了两行,然后说配置好了,跟前端朋友互扯),

    下面发一个实际配置供参考,我做了少量更改,如下:

    server {
      listen       80;
      server_name  xxx.com; 
      location /xxx-web/papi {
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' $http_origin;
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,web-token,app-token,Authorization,Accept,Origin,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Mx-ReqToken,X-Data-Type,X-Auth-Token,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length,Content-Range';
        if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
          add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
          add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain; charset=utf-8';
          add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
          return 204;
        }
        root   html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:7071;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_connect_timeout 5;
      }
     
      location /xxx-web {
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' $http_origin;
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,web-token,app-token,Authorization,Accept,Origin,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Mx-ReqToken,X-Data-Type,X-Auth-Token,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length,Content-Range';
        if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
          add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
          add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain; charset=utf-8';
          add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
          return 204;
        }
        root   html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_connect_timeout 5;
      } 
      location / {
        root   /var/www/xxx/wechat/webroot;
        index  index.html index.htm;
      } 
      error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
      location = /50x.html {
        root   html;
      }
    }
    
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/personsiglewine/p/15097604.html
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