CentOS7 部署 Hadoop 3.2.1 (伪分布式)

CentOS: Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

JDK: Oracle jdk1.8.0_241 , https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase-jdk8-downloads.html 

Hadoop : hadoop-3.2.1.tar.gz

官方安装文档：https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r3.2.1/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-common/SingleCluster.html

1、设置自身免登陆，输入命令(红色部分)

# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
1b:e4:ff:13:55:69:6a:2f:46:10:b0:ec:42:fe:5b:80 root@localhost.localdomain
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|         ....   .|
|        . ..   o.|
|       ..o  . o. |
|      ooo    +.  |
|       ESo  o..  |
|        o+. .o . |
|        .......  |
|          o..    |
|         .  ..   |
+-----------------+
# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
# chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
# ssh root@localhost
Last login: Sun Mar 29 15:00:23 2020

2.关闭selinux、防火墙

a. 永久有效

修改 /etc/selinux/config 文件中的 SELINUX=enforcing 修改为 SELINUX=disabled ，然后重启。

b. 临时生效

# setenforce 0

# systemctl stop firewalld.service
# systemctl disable iptables.service

3.下载Java SDK，前往 https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase-jdk8-downloads.html 下载

# mkdir /data/server/hadoop/
# cd /data/server/hadoop/
# rz #选择你下载好的文件，上传到当前目录下
# tar zxvf jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz

4. 下载Hadoop，前往https://downloads.apache.org/hadoop/common/ 选择你想要的版本，这里选最新版本3.2.1

# cd /data/server/hadoop
# wget https://downloads.apache.org/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.2.1/hadoop-3.2.1.tar.gz
# tar zxvf hadoop-3.2.1.tar.gz
# mv hadoop-3.2.1/ 3.2.1

5.设置Hadoop环境变量，vi /etc/profile ，在末尾增加如下内容：

#hadoop
export HADOOP_HOME=/data/server/hadoop/3.2.1
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin

export HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
export HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=root
export HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
export HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root

export YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root
export YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root

再执行使变量生效

# source /etc/profile

6.设置JAVA_HOME,  vi 3.2.1/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh ，末尾添加如下内容：

export JAVA_HOME=/data/server/hadoop/jdk1.8.0_241

7.查看是否正常

# hadoop version
Hadoop 3.2.1
Source code repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop.git -r b3cbbb467e22ea829b3808f4b7b01d07e0bf3842
Compiled by rohithsharmaks on 2019-09-10T15:56Z
Compiled with protoc 2.5.0
From source with checksum 776eaf9eee9c0ffc370bcbc1888737
This command was run using /home/data/server/hadoop/3.2.1/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-3.2.1.jar

8.重命名启动脚本，避免和spark服务脚本冲突（可不删除cmd脚本）。

rm -rf ./3.2.1/sbin/*.cmd
rm -rf ./3.2.1/bin/*.cmd

mv ./3.2.1/sbin/start-all.sh ./3.2.1/sbin/start-hadoop-all.sh
mv ./3.2.1/sbin/stop-all.sh ./3.2.1/sbin/stop-hadoop-all.sh

Hadoop设置
编辑 3.2.1/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml ：

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://172.16.1.122:9000</value>
        <description>指定HDFS Master（namenode）的通信地址，默认端口</description>
    </property>

    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>/data/server/hadoop/3.2.1/tmp</value>
        <description>指定hadoop运行时产生文件的存储路径</description>
    </property>

    <property>
        <name>hadoop.native.lib</name>
        <value>false</value>
        <description>是否应使用本机hadoop库（如果存在）</description>
    </property>
</configuration>

编辑 3.2.1/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml（参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/duanxz/p/3799467.html） ：

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
        <description>设置数据块应该被复制的份数</description>
    </property>

    <property>
        <name>dfs.safemode.threshold.pct</name>
        <value>0</value>
        <description>小于等于0意味不进入安全模式，大于1意味一直处于安全模式</description>
    </property>

    <property>
        <name>dfs.permissions</name>
        <value>false</value>
        <description>文件操作时的权限检查标识, 关闭</description>
    </property>

</configuration>

编辑 3.2.1/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml （参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/yinchengzhe/p/5142659.html）：

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
        <description>NodeManager上运行的附属服务。需配置成mapreduce_shuffle，才可运行MapReduce程序</description>
    </property>

    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name>
        <value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

编辑 3.2.1/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml ：

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
        <description>yarn模式</description>
    </property>

    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name>
        <value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value>
    </property>

</configuration>

格式化hdfs

# hdfs namenode -format

启动hadoop

# start-hadoop-all.sh

查看启动情况（红色部分）

# /data/server/hadoop/jdk1.8.0_241/bin/jps
20400 NodeManager
32566 QuorumPeerMain
20054 SecondaryNameNode
19687 NameNode
20567 Jps
19817 DataNode
18108 ResourceManager

至此，hadoop启动成功；

验证hadoop

下面运行一次经典的WorkCount程序来检查hadoop工作是否正常：

创建input文件夹：

# hdfs dfs -mkdir /input

将test.txt文件上传的hdfs的/input目录下：

# hdfs dfs -put ./3.2.1/LICENSE.txt /input/test.txt

接运行hadoop安装包中自带的workcount程序：

hadoop jar ./3.2.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.2.1.jar wordcount /input/test.txt /output/

控制台输出结果：

2020-03-29 18:38:52,220 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at /172.16.1.122:8032
2020-03-29 18:38:52,840 INFO mapreduce.JobResourceUploader: Disabling Erasure Coding for path: /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/root/.staging/job_1585465225552_0004
2020-03-29 18:38:52,948 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false
2020-03-29 18:38:53,059 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input files to process : 1
2020-03-29 18:38:53,094 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false
2020-03-29 18:38:53,523 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false
2020-03-29 18:38:53,934 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:1
2020-03-29 18:38:54,075 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false
2020-03-29 18:38:54,500 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Submitting tokens for job: job_1585465225552_0004
2020-03-29 18:38:54,500 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Executing with tokens: []
2020-03-29 18:38:54,684 INFO conf.Configuration: resource-types.xml not found
2020-03-29 18:38:54,684 INFO resource.ResourceUtils: Unable to find 'resource-types.xml'.
2020-03-29 18:38:54,745 INFO impl.YarnClientImpl: Submitted application application_1585465225552_0004
2020-03-29 18:38:54,784 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://172.16.1.122:8088/proxy/application_1585465225552_0004/
2020-03-29 18:38:54,784 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1585465225552_0004
2020-03-29 18:39:01,959 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1585465225552_0004 running in uber mode : false
2020-03-29 18:39:01,959 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 0% reduce 0%
2020-03-29 18:39:07,051 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 0%
2020-03-29 18:39:11,109 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 100%
2020-03-29 18:39:12,121 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1585465225552_0004 completed successfully
2020-03-29 18:39:12,208 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 54
    File System Counters
        FILE: Number of bytes read=46852
        FILE: Number of bytes written=546085
        FILE: Number of read operations=0
        FILE: Number of large read operations=0
        FILE: Number of write operations=0
        HDFS: Number of bytes read=150673
        HDFS: Number of bytes written=35324
        HDFS: Number of read operations=8
        HDFS: Number of large read operations=0
        HDFS: Number of write operations=2
        HDFS: Number of bytes read erasure-coded=0
    Job Counters
        Launched map tasks=1
        Launched reduce tasks=1
        Data-local map tasks=1
        Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=2802
        Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=2705
        Total time spent by all map tasks (ms)=2802
        Total time spent by all reduce tasks (ms)=2705
        Total vcore-milliseconds taken by all map tasks=2802
        Total vcore-milliseconds taken by all reduce tasks=2705
        Total megabyte-milliseconds taken by all map tasks=2869248
        Total megabyte-milliseconds taken by all reduce tasks=2769920
    Map-Reduce Framework
        Map input records=2814
        Map output records=21904
        Map output bytes=234035
        Map output materialized bytes=46852
        Input split bytes=104
        Combine input records=21904
        Combine output records=2981
        Reduce input groups=2981
        Reduce shuffle bytes=46852
        Reduce input records=2981
        Reduce output records=2981
        Spilled Records=5962
        Shuffled Maps =1
        Failed Shuffles=0
        Merged Map outputs=1
        GC time elapsed (ms)=167
        CPU time spent (ms)=1940
        Physical memory (bytes) snapshot=516464640
        Virtual memory (bytes) snapshot=5573906432
        Total committed heap usage (bytes)=393216000
        Peak Map Physical memory (bytes)=310145024
        Peak Map Virtual memory (bytes)=2784337920
        Peak Reduce Physical memory (bytes)=206319616
        Peak Reduce Virtual memory (bytes)=2789568512
    Shuffle Errors
        BAD_ID=0
        CONNECTION=0
        IO_ERROR=0
        WRONG_LENGTH=0
        WRONG_MAP=0
        WRONG_REDUCE=0
    File Input Format Counters
        Bytes Read=150569
    File Output Format Counters
        Bytes Written=35324

查看输出结果：

# hdfs dfs -ls /output

可见hdfs的/output目录下，有两个文件：

Found 2 items
-rw-r--r--   1 root supergroup          0 2020-03-29 18:39 /output/_SUCCESS
-rw-r--r--   1 root supergroup      35324 2020-03-29 18:39 /output/part-r-00000

看一下文件part-r-00000的内容：

# hdfs dfs -cat /output/part-r-00000
hadoop  3
hbase   1
hive    2
mapreduce   1
spark   2
sqoop   1
storm   1

可见WorkCount计算成功，结果符合预期；

7. hdfs网页如下图，可以看到文件信息，地址：http://172.16.1.122:9870/

8. yarn的网页如下图，可以看到任务信息，地址：http://172.16.1.122:8088/cluster

至此，hadoop3.2.1伪分布式搭建和验证完毕。

PS：

https://blog.csdn.net/u010476739/article/details/86647585?depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task&utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task

https://blog.csdn.net/lu1171901273/article/details/86518494

https://blog.csdn.net/chenxun_2010/article/details/78238251

https://www.cnblogs.com/jancco/p/4447756.html

https://blog.csdn.net/pengjunlee/article/details/104290537