说明：
有时候我们在做设备监控的时候，要识别一些链接设备，在使用函数GetDriveType的时候，U盘可以返回DRIVE_REMOVABLE，而本地硬盘硬盘和移动硬盘DRIVE_FIXED，因此还需要进一步来识别。识别方法为判断设备的总线类型即可：需要用到的数据类型以及函数有：
//将所有的卷存储在buffer中，格式为：C:/NULLD:/NULLE:/NULL
DWORD GetLogicalDriveStrings(
DWORD nBufferLength, // size of buffer
LPTSTR lpBuffer // drive strings buffer);
//判断设备类型：
UINT GetDriveType( LPCTSTR lpRootPathName // root directory);
返回值有：
#define DRIVE_UNKNOWN 0
#define DRIVE_NO_ROOT_DIR 1
#define DRIVE_REMOVABLE 2
#define DRIVE_FIXED 3
#define DRIVE_REMOTE 4
#define DRIVE_CDROM 5
#define DRIVE_RAMDISK 6
//DeviceIoControl要查询的类型
typedef struct _STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY {
// ID of the property being retrieved
STORAGE_PROPERTY_ID PropertyId;//使用前要对此字段赋值
// Flags indicating the type of query being performed
STORAGE_QUERY_TYPE QueryType; //使用前要对此字段赋值
// Space for additional parameters if necessary
BYTE AdditionalParameters[1];
} STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY, *PSTORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY;
// STORAGE_PROPERTY_ID枚举类型
typedef enum _STORAGE_PROPERTY_ID {
StorageDeviceProperty = 0,
StorageAdapterProperty,
StorageDeviceIdProperty,
StorageDeviceUniqueIdProperty, // See storduid.h for details
StorageDeviceWriteCacheProperty,
StorageMiniportProperty,
StorageAccessAlignmentProperty,
StorageDeviceSeekPenaltyProperty,
StorageDeviceTrimProperty,
StorageDeviceWriteAggregationProperty,
StorageDeviceDeviceTelemetryProperty,
StorageDeviceLBProvisioningProperty,
StorageDevicePowerProperty,
StorageDeviceCopyOffloadProperty,
StorageDeviceResiliencyProperty,
StorageDeviceMediumProductType,
} STORAGE_PROPERTY_ID, *PSTORAGE_PROPERTY_ID;
//STORAGE_QUERY_TYPE枚举
typedef enum _STORAGE_QUERY_TYPE {
PropertyStandardQuery = 0, // Retrieves the descriptor
PropertyExistsQuery, // Used to test whether the descriptor is supported
PropertyMaskQuery, // Used to retrieve a mask of writeable fields in the descriptor
PropertyQueryMaxDefined // use to validate the value
} STORAGE_QUERY_TYPE, *PSTORAGE_QUERY_TYPE;
//我们的输出结构：
typedef _Struct_size_bytes_(Size) struct _STORAGE_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR {
// Sizeof(STORAGE_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR)
DWORD Version;
// Total size of the descriptor, including the space for additional data and id strings
DWORD Size;
// The SCSI-2 device type
BYTE DeviceType;
// The SCSI-2 device type modifier (if any) - this may be zero
BYTE DeviceTypeModifier;
// Flag indicating whether the device's media (if any) is removable. This
// field should be ignored for media-less devices
BOOLEAN RemovableMedia;
// Flag indicating whether the device can support mulitple outstanding
// commands. The actual synchronization in this case is the responsibility of the port driver.
BOOLEAN CommandQueueing;
// Byte offset to the zero-terminated ascii string containing the device's
// vendor id string. For devices with no such ID this will be zero
DWORD VendorIdOffset;
// Byte offset to the zero-terminated ascii string containing the device's
// product id string. For devices with no such ID this will be zero
DWORD ProductIdOffset;
// Byte offset to the zero-terminated ascii string containing the device's
// product revision string. For devices with no such string this will be zero
DWORD ProductRevisionOffset;
// Byte offset to the zero-terminated ascii string containing the device's
// serial number. For devices with no serial number this will be zero
DWORD SerialNumberOffset;
// Contains the bus type (as defined above) of the device. It should be
// used to interpret the raw device properties at the end of this structure
// (if any)
STORAGE_BUS_TYPE BusType;
// The number of bytes of bus-specific data which have been appended to this descriptor
DWORD RawPropertiesLength;
// Place holder for the first byte of the bus specific property data
BYTE RawDeviceProperties[1];
} STORAGE_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR, *PSTORAGE_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR;
//最后要根据BusType字段来判断 看一些这个类型：
typedef enum _STORAGE_BUS_TYPE {
BusTypeUnknown = 0x00,
BusTypeScsi,
BusTypeAtapi,
BusTypeAta,
BusType1394,
BusTypeSsa,
BusTypeFibre,
BusTypeUsb,//这个就是移动硬盘了
BusTypeRAID,
BusTypeiScsi,
BusTypeSas,
BusTypeSata,
BusTypeSd,
BusTypeMmc,
BusTypeVirtual,
BusTypeFileBackedVirtual,
BusTypeSpaces,
BusTypeNvme,
BusTypeMax,
BusTypeMaxReserved = 0x7F
} STORAGE_BUS_TYPE, *PSTORAGE_BUS_TYPE;
//下面附一段代码测试：
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
DWORD dwReturnLen = 0;
PWCHAR pDrive = NULL;
WCHAR wszDrive[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
dwReturnLen = GetLogicalDriveStringsW(MAX_PATH, wszDrive);
//WCHAR wszName[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
HANDLE hDevice = NULL;
if (dwReturnLen < MAX_PATH)
{
pDrive = wszDrive;
while (*pDrive)
{
UINT uType = 0;
uType = GetDriveTypeW(pDrive);
if (uType == DRIVE_REMOVABLE)
{
printf("%ws:U盘.
", pDrive);
}
else if (uType == DRIVE_CDROM)
{
printf("%ws:光驱.
", pDrive);
}
else if (uType == DRIVE_FIXED)
{
//进一步判断移动硬盘或者本地硬盘
wstring wstrName(L"\\.\");
wstrName.append(pDrive, 2);
/*经测试\.C:这种格式打不开，
*如换成\.C:就可以打开了
*/
hDevice = CreateFileW(
wstrName.c_str(),
GENERIC_READ,
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
NULL,
OPEN_EXISTING,
0,
NULL);
if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hDevice)
{
printf("createFile error code:(0x%08x).
", GetLastError());
getchar();
return 0;
}
//输入查询参数
STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY PropertyQuery;
//初始化PropertyQuery
PropertyQuery.PropertyId = StorageDeviceProperty;
PropertyQuery.QueryType = PropertyStandardQuery;
BOOL bResult;
DWORD dwBytesReturned = 0;
//查询结果结构
STORAGE_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR deviceDescriptor = { 0 };
deviceDescriptor.Size = sizeof(STORAGE_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR);
//STORAGE_BUS_TYPE
bResult = DeviceIoControl(
hDevice,
IOCTL_STORAGE_QUERY_PROPERTY, //系统内置控制码
&PropertyQuery,
sizeof(STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY),
&deviceDescriptor,
deviceDescriptor.Size,
&dwBytesReturned,
NULL);
if (bResult)
{
//依据总线类型来判断
//printf("device:%ws storage bus type:%d
", pDrive, deviceDescriptor.BusType);
if (BusTypeUsb == deviceDescriptor.BusType)
printf("%ws:移动硬盘
", pDrive);
else
//这里还可以再进一步详细划分
printf("%ws:本地硬盘
", pDrive);
}
CloseHandle(hDevice);
hDevice = NULL;
}
else //if (uType == DRIVE_UNKNOWN)
{
printf("%ws:未知.
", pDrive);
}
pDrive += 4;
}
}
getchar();
return 0;
}
测试结果：
说明：这里的结果是我自己的电脑上插了两个U盘，分别是8G和16G的，还有一个移动硬盘，自带一个光驱，安装了一个虚拟光驱。可以都能正确的识别出来
参考链接：