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  • openwrt: sysupgrade

    sysupgrade

    用法:

    sysupgrade [<升级选项>...] <image file 或 URL>
    sysupgrade [-q] [-i] <备份选项>

    升级选项:

    • -d 重启前等待 delay 秒
    • -f 从 .tar.gz (文件或链接) 中恢复配置文件
    • -i 交互模式
    • -c 保留 /etc 中所有修改过的文件
    • -n 重刷固件时不保留配置文件
    • -T | --test 校验固件 config .tar.gz,但不真正烧写
    • -F | --force 即使固件校验失败也强制烧写
    • -q 较少的输出信息
    • -v 详细的输出信息
    • -h 显示帮助信息

    备份选项:

    • -b | --create-backup
      把sysupgrade.conf 里描述的文件打包成.tar.gz 作为备份,不做烧写动作
    • -r | --restore-backup
      从-b 命令创建的 .tar.gz 文件里恢复配置,不做烧写动作
    • -l | --list-backup
      列出 -b 命令将备份的文件列表,但不创建备份文件

    举例

    • 更新openwrt.bin固件
      sysupgrade openwrt.bin

    • 强制更新openwrt.bin固件
      sysupgrade会检查支持板子的固件头信息,如果一个model没有在sysupgrade的支持列表里,使用-F来忽略检查失败,强制烧写。
      sysupgrade -F openwrt.bin

    • 更新后不保存之前的配置
      sysupgrade烧写时默认会备份配置文件,在烧写后把配置文件覆盖到新系统中。-n参数指定不做这个动作。
      sysupgrade -n openwrt.bin

    • 备份配置文件到/tmp/backup.tgz
      sysupgrade -b /tmp/backup.tgz

    • 恢复之前备份的/tmp/backup.tgz
      sysupgrade -r /tmp/backup.tgz

    • 列出会被备份的文件
      sysupgrade -l
      列出的文件会在-b备份时或系统升级时被保存。

    实现

    解析选项参数

    # parse options
    while [ -n "$1" ]; do
    	case "$1" in
    		-i) export INTERACTIVE=1;;
    		-d) export DELAY="$2"; shift;;
    		-v) export VERBOSE="$(($VERBOSE + 1))";;
    		-q) export VERBOSE="$(($VERBOSE - 1))";;
    		-n) export SAVE_CONFIG=0;;
    		-c) export SAVE_OVERLAY=1;;
    		-b|--create-backup) export CONF_BACKUP="$2" NEED_IMAGE=1; shift;;
    		-r|--restore-backup) export CONF_RESTORE="$2" NEED_IMAGE=1; shift;;
    		-l|--list-backup) export CONF_BACKUP_LIST=1; break;;
    		-f) export CONF_IMAGE="$2"; shift;;
    		-F|--force) export FORCE=1;;
    		-T|--test) export TEST=1;;
    		-h|--help) export HELP=1; break;;
    		-*)
    			echo "Invalid option: $1"
    			exit 1
    		;;
    		*) break;;
    	esac
    	shift;
    done
    
    export CONFFILES=/tmp/sysupgrade.conffiles
    export CONF_TAR=/tmp/sysupgrade.tgz
    
    export ARGV="$*"
    export ARGC="$#"
    

    解析选项。(ARGV是参数列表,)ARGC是参数个数。
    选项中有-d, -b, -r, -f时,由于这些选项都要带一个参数,所以使用了shift去减少(ARGV和)ARGC的值。

    CONFFILES 和 CONF_TAR 是两个临时文件,后面会用到。

    sysupgrade openwrt.bin --> ARGV="openwrt.bin", ARGC=1
    sysupgrade -b config.backup --> ARGV为空,ARGC=0

    判断参数合法

    [ -n "$ARGV" -a -n "$NEED_IMAGE" ] && {
    	cat <<-EOF
    		-b|--create-backup and -r|--restore-backup do not perform a firmware upgrade.
    		Do not specify both -b|-r and a firmware image.
    	EOF
    	exit 1
    }
    

    如果sysupgrade附带参数-b或-r时,则$NEED_IMAGE=1,否则为空
    $NEED_IMAGE=1时,我们希望ARGV是空的,否则就是出错,则输出帮助信息,并退出。
    例如:

    • sysupgrade -b config.backup,此时$NEED_IMAGE=1, ARGV为空,合法
    • sysupgrade -b config.backup openwrt.bin,此时$NEED_IMAGE=1, ARGV为"openwrt.bin",参数多了,错误。
    # hooks
    sysupgrade_image_check="platform_check_image"
    [ $SAVE_OVERLAY = 0 -o ! -d /overlay/etc ] && 
    	sysupgrade_init_conffiles="add_uci_conffiles" || 
    	sysupgrade_init_conffiles="add_overlayfiles"
    

    带-c参数,且"/overlay/etc"目录存在 --> sysupgrade_init_conffiles="add_overlayfiles"
    否则 --> sysupgrade_init_conffiles="add_uci_conffiles"

    这里会影响要备份的配置文件

    include /lib/upgrade
    

    包含lib/upgrade目录下的所有文件

    [ "$1" = "nand" ] && nand_upgrade_stage2 $@
    

    命令指定nand时,则调用nand_upgrade_stage2函数,例如sysupgrade nand openwrt.bin。 暂时使用spi flash,不讨论这里。

    backup list

    add_uci_conffiles() {
    	local file="$1"
    	( find $(sed -ne '/^[[:space:]]*$/d; /^#/d; p' 
    		/etc/sysupgrade.conf /lib/upgrade/keep.d/* 2>/dev/null) 
    		-type f 2>/dev/null;
    	  opkg list-changed-conffiles ) | sort -u > "$file"
    	return 0
    }
    
    if [ $CONF_BACKUP_LIST -eq 1 ]; then
    	add_uci_conffiles "$CONFFILES"
    	cat "$CONFFILES"
    	rm -f "$CONFFILES"
    	exit 0
    fi
    

    列出一份文件列表,放入/tmp/sysupgrade.conffiles,打印出来,然后删掉。文件列表:

    find $(sed -ne '/^[[:space:]]*$/d; /^#/d; p' /etc/sysupgrade.conf /lib/upgrade/keep.d/* 2>/dev/null) -type f 2>/dev/null
    
    opkg list-changed-conffiles
    

    create backup

    do_save_conffiles() {
    	local conf_tar="${1:-$CONF_TAR}"
    
    	[ -z "$(rootfs_type)" ] && {
    		echo "Cannot save config while running from ramdisk."
    		ask_bool 0 "Abort" && exit
    		return 0
    	}
    	run_hooks "$CONFFILES" $sysupgrade_init_conffiles
    	ask_bool 0 "Edit config file list" && vi "$CONFFILES"
    
    	v "Saving config files..."
    	[ "$VERBOSE" -gt 1 ] && TAR_V="v" || TAR_V=""
    	tar c${TAR_V}zf "$conf_tar" -T "$CONFFILES" 2>/dev/null
    
    	rm -f "$CONFFILES"
    }
    
    if [ -n "$CONF_BACKUP" ]; then
    	do_save_conffiles "$CONF_BACKUP"
    	exit $?
    fi
    

    -b 如果指定打包文件时,$CONF_BACKUP 为那个文件名。则此时按如下流程来生成备份文件:

    do_save_conffiles
      -> sysupgrade_init_conffiles
         -> add_uci_conffiles
            -> tar czf /tmp/backup.tgz -T /tmp/sysupgrade.conffiles
    	-> rm -f /tmp/sysupgrade.conffiles
    

    restore

    if [ -n "$CONF_RESTORE" ]; then
    	if [ "$CONF_RESTORE" != "-" ] && [ ! -f "$CONF_RESTORE" ]; then
    		echo "Backup archive '$CONF_RESTORE' not found."
    		exit 1
    	fi
    
    	[ "$VERBOSE" -gt 1 ] && TAR_V="v" || TAR_V=""
    	tar -C / -x${TAR_V}zf "$CONF_RESTORE"
    	exit $?
    fi
    

    sysupgrade -r config.tgz --> tar -C / -xzf config.tgz
    解压,覆盖到/目录下

    image check

    for check in $sysupgrade_image_check; do
    	( eval "$check "$ARGV"" ) || {
    		if [ $FORCE -eq 1 ]; then
    			echo "Image check '$check' failed but --force given - will update anyway!"
    			break
    		else
    			echo "Image check '$check' failed."
    			exit 1
    		fi
    	}
    done
    

    sysupgrade openwrt.bin --> 检查bin文件:platform_check_image openwrt.bin
    lib/upgrade/platform.sh 中定义platform_check_image函数,取.bin文件的头部,检查magic number

    upgrade backup

    if [ -n "$CONF_IMAGE" ]; then
    	case "$(get_magic_word $CONF_IMAGE cat)" in
    		# .gz files
    		1f8b) ;;
    		*)
    			echo "Invalid config file. Please use only .tar.gz files"
    			exit 1
    		;;
    	esac
    	get_image "$CONF_IMAGE" "cat" > "$CONF_TAR"
    	export SAVE_CONFIG=1
    elif ask_bool $SAVE_CONFIG "Keep config files over reflash"; then
    	[ $TEST -eq 1 ] || do_save_conffiles
    	export SAVE_CONFIG=1
    else
    	export SAVE_CONFIG=0
    fi
    

    在升级时会先保存配置文件到/tmp/sysupgrade.tgz

    1. -f 指定配置文件
    2. 交互模式 ask_bool 可以获取输入值,如果不在交互模式,则ask_bool的第一个参数就是默认值。
      $SAVE_CONFIG默认为1, 这里调用do_save_conffiles保存当前系统的配置文件。

    upgrade

    if [ -n "$(rootfs_type)" ]; then
    	v "Switching to ramdisk..."
    	run_ramfs '. /lib/functions.sh; include /lib/upgrade; do_upgrade'
    else
    	do_upgrade
    fi
    
    1. rootfs_type = "overlayfs" ,执行第一个逻辑
    2. run_ramfs, 在/tmp/root下安装一个临时ramdisk,最后再执行do_upgrade
    3. do_upgrade -> platform_do_upgrade -> get_image "$1" | mtd -j "$CONF_TAR" write - "firmware"

    mtd工具在写入时,会把$CONF_TAR文件整合进入jffs2分区,可以看到打印信息:

    Appending jffs2 data from /tmp/sysupgrade.tgz to firmware...
    

    Sysupgrade – Technical Reference

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sammei/p/3973322.html
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