SCOI2003 严格N元树

SCOI2003 严格N元树

Description

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　　如果一棵树的所有非叶节点都恰好有n个儿子，那么我们称它为严格n元树。如果该树中最底层的节点深度为d
（根的深度为0），那么我们称它为一棵深度为d的严格n元树。例如，深度为２的严格２元树有三个，如下图：

　　给出n, d，编程数出深度为d的n元树数目。

Input

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　　仅包含两个整数n, d( 0 < n < = 32, 0 < = d < = 16)

Output

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　　仅包含一个数，即深度为d的n元树的数目。

Sample Input

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【样例输入1】
2 2
【样例输入2】
2 3
【样例输入3】
3 5

Sample Output

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【样例输出1】
3
【样例输出2】
21
【样例输出2】
58871587162270592645034001

Solution

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懒得打高精板子，抄了一下AK爷的，感觉比我的好2333

对于一个n元树，由教浅的树递推上来，因为每次加一层，都需要考虑深度不超过i-1的n元树的个数，把深度不超过i-1的乘起来，最后输出深度不超过d的减去深度不超过d-1的就是深度为d的n元树个数。

Code

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//Writer : Hsz %WJMZBMR%tourist%hzwer
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<stack>
#include<vector>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<algorithm>
#define LL long long
using namespace std;
const int maxn=1005;
struct bign{
    int d[maxn], len;

    void clean() { while(len > 1 && !d[len-1]) len--; }

    bign()          { memset(d, 0, sizeof(d)); len = 1; }
    bign(int num)   { *this = num; } 
    bign(char* num) { *this = num; }
    bign operator = (const char* num){
        memset(d, 0, sizeof(d)); len = strlen(num);
        for(int i = 0; i < len; i++) d[i] = num[len-1-i] - '0';
        clean();
        return *this;
    }
    bign operator = (int num){
        char s[2000]; sprintf(s, "%d", num);
        *this = s;
        return *this;
    }

    bign operator + (const bign& b){
        bign c = *this; int i;
        for (i = 0; i < b.len; i++){
            c.d[i] += b.d[i];
            if (c.d[i] > 9) c.d[i]%=10, c.d[i+1]++;
        }
        while (c.d[i] > 9) c.d[i++]%=10, c.d[i]++;
        c.len = max(len, b.len);
        if (c.d[i] && c.len <= i) c.len = i+1;
        return c;
    }
    bign operator - (const bign& b){
        bign c = *this; int i;
        for (i = 0; i < b.len; i++){
            c.d[i] -= b.d[i];
            if (c.d[i] < 0) c.d[i]+=10, c.d[i+1]--;
        }
        while (c.d[i] < 0) c.d[i++]+=10, c.d[i]--;
        c.clean();
        return c;
    }
    bign operator * (const bign& b)const{
        int i, j; bign c; c.len = len + b.len; 
        for(j = 0; j < b.len; j++) for(i = 0; i < len; i++) 
            c.d[i+j] += d[i] * b.d[j];
        for(i = 0; i < c.len-1; i++)
            c.d[i+1] += c.d[i]/10, c.d[i] %= 10;
        c.clean();
        return c;
    }
    bign operator / (const bign& b){
        int i, j;
        bign c = *this, a = 0;
        for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            a = a*10 + d[i];
            for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) if (a < b*(j+1)) break;
            c.d[i] = j;
            a = a - b*j;
        }
        c.clean();
        return c;
    }
    bign operator % (const bign& b){
        int i, j;
        bign a = 0;
        for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            a = a*10 + d[i];
            for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) if (a < b*(j+1)) break;
            a = a - b*j;
        }
        return a;
    }
    bign operator += (const bign& b){
        *this = *this + b;
        return *this;
    }

    bool operator <(const bign& b) const{
        if(len != b.len) return len < b.len;
        for(int i = len-1; i >= 0; i--)
            if(d[i] != b.d[i]) return d[i] < b.d[i];
        return false;
    }
    bool operator >(const bign& b) const{return b < *this;}
    bool operator<=(const bign& b) const{return !(b < *this);}
    bool operator>=(const bign& b) const{return !(*this < b);}
    bool operator!=(const bign& b) const{return b < *this || *this < b;}
    bool operator==(const bign& b) const{return !(b < *this) && !(b > *this);}

    string str() const{
        char s[maxn]={};
        for(int i = 0; i < len; i++) s[len-1-i] = d[i]+'0';
        return s;
    }
};
istream& operator >> (istream& in, bign& x)
{
    string s;
    in >> s;
    x = s.c_str();
    return in;
}

ostream& operator << (ostream& out, const bign& x)
{
    out << x.str();
    return out;
}
bign f[35];
int n,d;
int main() {
	scanf("%d%d",&n,&d);
	if(d==1&&n==1) return !printf("0");
	if(d==0) return !printf("1");
	f[1]=1;
	for(int i=1;i<=d;i++){
		bign tp=1;
		for(int j=1;j<=n;j++) tp=tp*f[i-1];
		f[i]=f[i]+tp+1;
	}
	cout<<f[d]-f[d-1];
	return 0;
}