python3 并发编程

多进程

macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % python3 test.py
main
test 0
test 0
test 1
test 1
test 2
test 2
test 3
test 3
test 4
test 4
test 5
test 5
test 6
test 6
test 7
test 7
test 8
test 8
test 9
test 9
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % cat test.py 
import multiprocessing
from multiprocessing import Pool
import time
def test1():
    for i in range(10):
        time.sleep(1)
        print('test', i)
 
def test2():
    for i in range(10):
        time.sleep(1)
        print('test', i)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    p1 = multiprocessing.Process(target=test1)
    p2 = multiprocessing.Process(target=test2)
    p1.start()
    p2.start()
    print("main")%                                                                                                                                                                              
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 




macname@MacdeMBP Desktop % 
macname@MacdeMBP Desktop % cat test.py

import time
from multiprocessing import Process


def func(name, sec):
    print(name, 123)
    time.sleep(sec)
    print(name, "123end")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    p1 = Process(target=func, args=("进程1", 1))
    p2 = Process(target=func, args=("进程2", 2))
    p3 = Process(target=func, args=("进程3", 3))
    p1.daemon = True  # 必须在start()之前设置守护进程
    p1.start()
    p2.start()
    p3.start()
    time.sleep(0.5)
    print("主进程结束，主进程还得等待其他子进程（非守护进程）结束才行")

macname@MacdeMBP Desktop % python3 test.py
进程1 123
进程2 123
进程3 123
主进程结束，主进程还得等待其他子进程（非守护进程）结束才行
进程2 123end
进程3 123end
macname@MacdeMBP Desktop % 

多线程

如果你的主线程在退出的时候，不用等待那些子线程完成，那就设置这些线程的daemon属性。即，在线程开始（thread.start()）之前，调用setDeamon（）函数，设定线程的daemon标志。（thread.setDaemon(True)）就表示这个线程“不重要”。
如果你想等待子线程完成再退出，那就什么都不用做。，或者显示地调用thread.setDaemon(False)，设置daemon的值为false。新的子线程会继承父线程的daemon标志。整个Python会在所有的非守护线程退出后才会结束，即进程中没有非守护线程存在的时候才结束。


macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % cat test.py 
import time
import threading


def fun():
    print("start fun")
    time.sleep(2)
    print("end fun")


print("main thread")
t1 = threading.Thread(target=fun,args=())
#t1.setDaemon(True)
t1.start()
time.sleep(1)
print("main thread end")
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % python3 test.py
main thread
start fun
main thread end
end fun
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 






macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % cat test.py 
import time
import threading

def fun():
    print("start fun")
    time.sleep(2)
    print("end fun")
 
 
print("main thread")
t1 = threading.Thread(target=fun,args=())
t1.setDaemon(True)
t1.start()
time.sleep(1)
print("main thread end")%                                                                                                                                                                       
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % python3 test.py
main thread
start fun
main thread end
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 

协程

# Greenlet对象创建
job = Greenlet(target0, 3)
Greenlet.spawn() # 创建一个协程并启动
Greenlet.spawn_later(seconds=3) # 延时启动
 
# 协程启动
job.start() # 将协程加入循环并启动协程
job.start_later(3) # 延时启动
 
# 等待任务完成
job.join() # 等待任务完成
job.get() # 获取协程返回的值
 
# 任务中断和判断任务状态
job.dead() # 判断协程是否死亡
job.kill() # 杀死正在运行的协程并唤醒其他的协程，这个协程将不会再执行，可以
job.ready() # 任务完成返回一个真值
job.successful() # 任务成功完成返回真值，否则抛出错误
 
# 获取属性
job.loop # 时间循环对象
job.value # 获取返回的值
 
# 捕捉异常
job.exception # 如果运行有错误，获取它
job.exc_info # 错误的详细信息
 
# 设置回调函数
job.rawlink(back) # 普通回调，将job对象作为回调函数的参数
job.unlink() # 删除回调函数
# 执行成功的回调函数
job.link_value(back)
# 执行失败的回调函数
job.link_exception(back)



macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % cat test.py 
from gevent import monkey
monkey.patch_all()  # 记住一定放在第一行,这里是打补丁的意思，time模块在使用协程gevent模块的时候，必须打补丁才行，记得放在第一行。
import gevent
import time
 
 
def eat(name):
    print(f"{name} eat first")
    time.sleep(3)
    print(f"{name} eat second")
 
 
def play(name):
    print(f"{name} play phone 1")
    time.sleep(2)
    print(f"{name} play phone 2")
 
 
g1 = gevent.spawn(eat, "lily")
g2 = gevent.spawn(play, name="lily")
g1.join()
g2.join()%                                                                                                                                                                                      
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % 
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop % python3 test.py
lily eat first
lily play phone 1
lily play phone 2
lily eat second
macname@MacdeMacBook-Pro Desktop %