使用django开发博客过程记录1——数据库设计

1.数据库设计

2.插入测试数据

3.配置相关问题

1.数据库设计

数据库有简单的三张表：Article、Category、Tag以下是代码

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.db import models


class Article(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = (
        ('d', 'Draft'),
        ('p', 'Published'),
    )

    title = models.CharField('标题', max_length=64, unique=True)
    content = models.TextField('正文')
    create_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间')
    last_modified_time = models.DateTimeField('修改时间')
    status = models.CharField('文章状态', max_length=1, choices=STATUS_CHOICES)
    abstract = models.CharField('摘要', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True, help_text='可选，如若为空将摘取正文的前64个字符')
    views = models.PositiveIntegerField('浏览次数', default=0)
    likes = models.PositiveIntegerField('点赞数', default=0)
    topped = models.BooleanField('置顶', default=False)

    category = models.ForeignKey('Category', verbose_name='分类', null=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
    tags = models.ManyToManyField('Tag', verbose_name='标签集合', blank=True)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['-last_modified_time']

class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField('类名', max_length=20)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
    last_modified_time = models.DateTimeField('修改时间', auto_now=True)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

class Tag(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField('标签名', max_length=20)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
    last_modified_time = models.DateTimeField('修改时间', auto_now=True)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

2.插入测试数据

此时登录admin后台没有数据，于是想利用编写一个populate.py负责插入测试数据以下是代码：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import datetime
import os
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'pureblog.settings')

import django
from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
django.setup()

from apps.models import Article, Category, Tag

def populate():
    tags = []
    cat_Python = add_cat('Python')
    tag_django = add_tag('django')
    tags.append(tag_django)
    add_article('标题2', 'p', cat_Python, tags)

def add_article(title, status, cat, tags):
    a = Article.objects.get_or_create(title=title,
            create_time=datetime.datetime.utcnow(),
            last_modified_time=datetime.datetime.utcnow(),
            status=status)[0]
    a.content = '这是测试数据'
    a.abstract = a.content[:64]
    a.category = cat

    for tag in tags:
        a.tags.add(tag)
    a.save()
    return a

def add_cat(name):
    try:
        obj = Category.objects.get(name=name)
    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
        obj = Category(name=name, create_time=datetime.datetime.utcnow())
        obj.save()
    return obj

def add_cat(name):
    try:
        obj = Category.objects.get(name=name)
    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
        obj = Category(name=name, create_time=datetime.datetime.utcnow())
        obj.save()
    return obj

def add_tag(name):
    try:
        obj = Tag.objects.get(name=name)
    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
        obj = Tag(name=name, create_time=datetime.datetime.utcnow())
        obj.save()
    return obj

if __name__ == '__main__':
    populate()

3.配置相关问题

1)因为我的数据库使用的是mysql数据库，插入数据时可能会遇到字符编码同问题，以下链接是解决这个问题的链接：

　　http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6065037/rails-mysql-encoding-issue-question-mysqlerror-illegal-mix-of-collations-l