Python3 encode中的unicode-escape和raw_unicode_escape

1. encode

  encode将字符串转换为bytes类型的对象 (即b为前缀, bytes类型), 即Ascll编码, 字节数组

>>> a0 = '哈哈'
 
>>> b = a0.encode()
 
>>> type(b)
 
<class 'bytes'>
 
>>>
 
>>> b
 
b'xe5x93x88xe5x93x88'

2. decode

  字节编码可decode为str

>>> a1 = b'xe7x8ex8bxe8x80x85xe5x86x9cxe8x8dxaf'
 
>>> b = a1.decode()
 
>>> b
 
'王者农药'
 
>>> type(b)
 
<class 'str'>

3. encode('raw_unicode_escape')和 decode('raw_unicode_escape')

  若某字符串的内容为bytes形式, 如 a = 'xe7x8ex8bxe8x80x85xe5x86x9cxe8x8dxaf'

  可使用encode('raw_unicode_escape')将此str转化为bytes, 再decode为str

  可使用decode('raw_unicode_escape')输出内容为bytes形式的字符串

>>> a = 'xe7x8ex8bxe8x80x85xe5x86x9cxe8x8dxaf'
 
>>> b = a.encode('raw_unicode_escape')
 
>>> type(b)
 
<class 'bytes'>
 
>>> b
 
b'xe7x8ex8bxe8x80x85xe5x86x9cxe8x8dxaf'
 
>>>
 
>>> b.decode()
 
'王者农药'
 
>>>
 
>>> b.decode('raw_unicode_escape')
 
'çx8ex8bèx80x85åx86x9cèx8d¯'

4. encode('unicode-escape')和 decode('unicode-escape')

  若某字符串的内容为unicode形式, 如s = 'u5403u9e21u6218u573a', 在py3中默认为utf-8编码, py3将其自动解释为 '吃鸡战场' 

  encode('unicode-escape')可将此str编码为bytes类型, 内容则是unicode形式

  decode('unicode-escape')可将内容为unicode形式的bytes类型转换为str

>>> a = 'u5403u9e21u6218u573a'
 
>>> b = a.encode('unicode-escape')
 
>>> type(b)
 
<class 'bytes'>
 
>>> b
 
b'\u5403\u9e21\u6218\u573a'
 
>>>
 
>>> b.decode('utf-8')
 
'\u5403\u9e21\u6218\u573a'
 
>>>
 
>>>
 
>>> c = b.decode('utf-8')
 
>>> c
 
'\u5403\u9e21\u6218\u573a'
 
>>>
 
>>> c.encode()
 
b'\u5403\u9e21\u6218\u573a'
 
>>>
 
>>> c.encode().decode('unicode-escape')
 
'吃鸡战场'

5. python2使用ASC11码作为默认编码方式, python3的默认编码为utf-8

Python 2.7.16 (default, Aug 24 2019, 18:37:03)
 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 11.0.0 (clang-1100.0.32.4) (-macos10.15-objc-s on darwin
 
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 
>>>
 
>>> s = u'u5403u9e21u6218u573a'
 
>>> s
 
u'u5403u9e21u6218u573a'
 
 
 
 
 
Python 3.7.4 (v3.7.4:e09359112e, Jul 8 2019, 14:54:52)
 
[Clang 6.0 (clang-600.0.57)] on darwin
 
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 
>>>
 
>>> s = u'u5403u9e21u6218u573a'
 
>>> s
 
吃鸡战场