原文：https://www.jianshu.com/p/832f2b162450
我们都知道spring只是为我们简单的处理线程池，每次用到线程总会new 一个新的线程，效率不高，所以我们需要自定义一个线程池。
本教程目录：
- 自定义线程池
- 配置spring默认的线程池
1. 自定义线程池
1.1 修改application.properties
task.pool.corePoolSize=20
task.pool.maxPoolSize=40
task.pool.keepAliveSeconds=300
task.pool.queueCapacity=50
1.2 线程池配置属性类TaskThreadPoolConfig .java
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
/**
* 线程池配置属性类
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "task.pool")
public class TaskThreadPoolConfig {
private int corePoolSize;
private int maxPoolSize;
private int keepAliveSeconds;
private int queueCapacity;
...getter and setter methods...
}
1.3 创建线程池 TaskExecutePool .java
/**
* 创建线程池
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class TaskExecutePool {
@Autowired
private TaskThreadPoolConfig config;
@Bean
public Executor myTaskAsyncPool() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
//核心线程池大小
executor.setCorePoolSize(config.getCorePoolSize());
//最大线程数
executor.setMaxPoolSize(config.getMaxPoolSize());
//队列容量
executor.setQueueCapacity(config.getQueueCapacity());
//活跃时间
executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(config.getKeepAliveSeconds());
//线程名字前缀
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-");
// setRejectedExecutionHandler：当pool已经达到max size的时候，如何处理新任务
// CallerRunsPolicy：不在新线程中执行任务，而是由调用者所在的线程来执行
executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}
}
1.4 创建线程任务
/**
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
@Component
public class AsyncTask {
protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Async("myTaskAsyncPool") //myTaskAsynPool即配置线程池的方法名，此处如果不写自定义线程池的方法名，会使用默认的线程池
public void doTask1(int i) throws InterruptedException{
logger.info("Task"+i+" started.");
}
}
1.5 修改启动类
给启动类添加注解
@EnableAsync
@EnableConfigurationProperties({TaskThreadPoolConfig.class} ) // 开启配置属性支持
1.6 测试
protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Autowired
private AsyncTask asyncTask;
@Test
public void AsyncTaskTest() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
asyncTask.doTask1(i);
}
logger.info("All tasks finished.");
}
2. 配置默认的线程池
我本人喜欢用这种方式的线程池，因为上面的那个线程池使用时候总要加注解@Async("myTaskAsyncPool")，而这种重写spring默认线程池的方式使用的时候，只需要加@Async注解就可以，不用去声明线程池类。
2.1 获取属性配置类
这个和上面的TaskThreadPoolConfig类相同，这里不重复
2.2 NativeAsyncTaskExecutePool.java 装配线程池
/**
* 原生(Spring)异步任务线程池装配类
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class NativeAsyncTaskExecutePool implements AsyncConfigurer{
//注入配置类
@Autowired
TaskThreadPoolConfig config;
@Override
public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
//核心线程池大小
executor.setCorePoolSize(config.getCorePoolSize());
//最大线程数
executor.setMaxPoolSize(config.getMaxPoolSize());
//队列容量
executor.setQueueCapacity(config.getQueueCapacity());
//活跃时间
executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(config.getKeepAliveSeconds());
//线程名字前缀
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-");
// setRejectedExecutionHandler：当pool已经达到max size的时候，如何处理新任务
// CallerRunsPolicy：不在新线程中执行任务，而是由调用者所在的线程来执行
executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}
/**
* 异步任务中异常处理
* @return
*/
@Override
public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
return new AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
@Override
public void handleUncaughtException(Throwable arg0, Method arg1, Object... arg2) {
log.error("=========================="+arg0.getMessage()+"=======================", arg0);
log.error("exception method:"+arg1.getName());
}
};
}
}
2.3 线程任务类AsyncTask .java
@Component
public class AsyncTask {
protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Async
public void doTask2(int i) throws InterruptedException{
logger.info("Task2-Native"+i+" started.");
}
}
2.4 测试
@Test
public void AsyncTaskNativeTest() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
asyncTask.doTask2(i);
}
logger.info("All tasks finished.");
}
2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-8] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native6 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-3] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native1 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native7 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native21 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native22 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native23 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native24 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native25 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native26 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native27 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native28 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native29 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native30 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native31 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native32 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native33 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native34 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native35 started.
2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l