E-factory为生成XML和HTML提供了一种简单而紧凑的语法
# coding:utf-8 from lxml.builder import E def CLASS(*args): # class is a reserved word in Python return {"class":' '.join(args)} html = page = ( E.html( # create an Element called "html" E.head( E.title("This is a sample document") ), E.body( E.h1("Hello!", CLASS("title")), E.p("This is a paragraph with ", E.b("bold"), " text in it!"), E.p("This is another paragraph, with a", " ", E.a("link", href="http://www.python.org"), "."), E.p("Here are some reserved characters: <spam&egg>."), etree.XML("<p>And finally an embedded XHTML fragment.</p>"), ) ) ) print(etree.tostring(page, pretty_print=True)) ''' 输出： <html> <head> <title>This is a sample document</title> </head> <body> <h1 class="title">Hello!</h1> <p>This is a paragraph with <b>bold</b> text in it!</p> <p>This is another paragraph, with a <a href="http://www.python.org">link</a>.</p> <p>Here are some reserved characters: <spam&egg>.</p> <p>And finally an embedded XHTML fragment.</p> </body> </html> '''
基于属性访问的元素创建使为XML语言构建简单词汇表变得容易
from lxml.builder import ElementMaker # lxml only ! E = ElementMaker(namespace="http://my.de/fault/namespace", nsmap={'p' : "http://my.de/fault/namespace"}) DOC = E.doc TITLE = E.title SECTION = E.section PAR = E.par my_doc = DOC( TITLE("The dog and the hog"), SECTION( TITLE("The dog"), PAR("Once upon a time, "), PAR("And then ") ), SECTION( TITLE("The hog"), PAR("Sooner or later ") ) ) print(etree.tostring(my_doc, pretty_print=True)) ''' 输出： <p:doc xmlns:p="http://my.de/fault/namespace"> <p:title>The dog and the hog</p:title> <p:section> <p:title>The dog</p:title> <p:par>Once upon a time, </p:par> <p:par>And then </p:par> </p:section> <p:section> <p:title>The hog</p:title> <p:par>Sooner or later </p:par> </p:section> </p:doc> '''
其中一个例子是模块lxml.html.builder，它为html提供了词汇表
在处理多个命名空间时，最好为每个命名空间URI定义一个ElementMaker
同样，请注意上面的示例如何在命名常量中预定义标记生成器
这使得将名称空间的所有标记声明放在一个Python模块中以及从那里导入/使用标记名常量变得非常容易
这样可以避免诸如输入错误或意外丢失名称空间之类的陷阱