模板
1、模版的执行
模版的创建过程,对于模版,其实就是读取模版(其中嵌套着模版标签),然后将 Model 中获取的数据插入到模版中,最后将信息返回给用户。
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def current_datetime(request): now = datetime.datetime.now() html = "<html><body>It is now %s.</body></html>" % now return HttpResponse(html)
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from django import template t = template.Template('My name is {{ name }}.') c = template.Context({'name': 'Adrian'}) print t.render(c)
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import datetime from django import template import DjangoDemo.settings now = datetime.datetime.now() fp = open(settings.BASE_DIR+'/templates/Home/Index.html') t = template.Template(fp.read()) fp.close() html = t.render(template.Context({'current_date': now})) return HttpResponse(html
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from django.template.loader import get_template from django.template import Context from django.http import HttpResponse import datetime def current_datetime(request): now = datetime.datetime.now() t = get_template('current_datetime.html') html = t.render(Context({'current_date': now})) return HttpResponse(html)
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return render_to_response('Account/Login.html',data,context_instance=RequestContext(request))
2、模版语言
模板中也有自己的语言,该语言可以实现数据展示
- {{ item }}
- {% for item in item_list %} <a>{{ item }}</a> {% endfor %}
forloop.counter
forloop.first
forloop.last - {% if ordered_warranty %} {% else %} {% endif %}
- 母板:{% block title %}{% endblock %}
子板:{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}{% endblock %} - 帮助方法:
{{ item.event_start|date:"Y-m-d H:i:s"}}
{{ bio|truncatewords:"30" }}
{{ my_list|first|upper }}
{{ name|lower }}
3、自定义simple_tag
a、在app中创建templatetags模块
b、创建任意 .py 文件,如:xx.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python #coding:utf-8 from django import template from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe register = template.Library() @register .simple_tag def my_simple_time(v1,v2,v3): return v1 + v2 + v3 @register .simple_tag def my_input( id ,arg): result = "<input type='text' id='%s' class='%s' />" % ( id ,arg,) return mark_safe(result) |
c、在使用自定义simple_tag的html文件中导入之前创建的 xx.py 文件名
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{ % load xx % } |
d、使用simple_tag
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{ % my_simple_time 1 2 3 % } { % my_input 'id_username' 'hide' % } |
e、在settings中配置当前app,不然django无法找到自定义的simple_tag
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INSTALLED_APPS = ( 'django.contrib.admin' , 'django.contrib.auth' , 'django.contrib.contenttypes' , 'django.contrib.sessions' , 'django.contrib.messages' , 'django.contrib.staticfiles' , 'app01' , ) |
更多见文档:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/templates/language/
views.py
1 import json 2 from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse 3 from app01 import models 4 # Create your views here. 5 def index(request): 6 # models.BxSlider.objects.filter(status=1) 对象 7 queryset_dict = models.BxSlider.objects.filter(status=1).values('img','href','name') 8 # queryset_list = models.BxSlider.objects.filter(status=1).values_list('img','href','name') 9 return render(request,'index.html', {'queryset_dict': queryset_dict}) 10 11 def student(request): 12 13 # student 14 # studentDetail 15 detail_list = models.StudentDetail.objects.filter(student__status=1).values('letter_of_thanks',"student__name","student__salary",'student__company', 'student__pic') 16 print(detail_list) 17 return render(request,'student.html', {'detail_list': detail_list})
student.html
1 {% load xx %} 2 <!DOCTYPE html> 3 <html lang="en"> 4 <head> 5 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 6 <title>Title</title> 7 <style> 8 .clearfix:after{ 9 content: '.'; 10 visibility: hidden; 11 height: 0; 12 clear: both; 13 display: block; 14 } 15 </style> 16 </head> 17 <body> 18 19 <div> 20 21 </div> 22 23 24 <div style="margin: 0 auto; 980px;" class="clearfix"> 25 <div style=" 245px;float: left"> 26 {% for item in detail_list %} 27 28 {% detail1 item forloop.counter 4 1 %} 29 30 {% endfor %} 31 </div> 32 <div style=" 245px;float: left"> 33 {% for item in detail_list %} 34 {% detail1 item forloop.counter 4 2 %} 35 {% endfor %} 36 </div> 37 <div style=" 245px;float: left"> 38 {% for item in detail_list %} 39 {% detail1 item forloop.counter 4 3 %} 40 {% endfor %} 41 42 </div> 43 {# {{ forloop.counter|detail3 }}#} 44 <div style=" 245px;float: left"> 45 {% for item in detail_list %} 46 {% if forloop.counter|detail3:"4,0" %} 47 <div style=" 245px;"> 48 <img style=" 245px;height: 200px;" src="/{{ item.student__pic }}"> 49 <p>{{ item.student__name }}</p> 50 <p>{{ item.student__salary }}</p> 51 <p>{{ item.letter_of_thanks }}</p> 52 </div> 53 {% endif %} 54 55 {% endfor %} 56 57 </div> 58 </div> 59 60 </body> 61 </html>
xx.py
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- 3 from django import template 4 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe 5 from django.template.base import Node, TemplateSyntaxError 6 7 register = template.Library() 8 9 @register.simple_tag 10 def my_simple_time(v1,v2,v3): 11 return v1 + v2 + v3 12 13 @register.simple_tag 14 def detail1(item,counter,allcount,remainder): 15 temp = """ 16 <div style=" 245px;"> 17 <img style=" 245px;height: 200px;" src="/%s"> 18 <p>%s</p> 19 <p>%s</p> 20 <p>%s</p> 21 </div> 22 """ 23 if counter%allcount == remainder: 24 temp = temp %(item['student__pic'], 25 item['student__name'], 26 item['student__salary'], 27 item['letter_of_thanks']) 28 return mark_safe(temp) 29 else: 30 return "" 31 32 @register.simple_tag 33 def detail2(counter,allcount,remainder): 34 """ 35 查看余数是否等于remainder 36 :param counter: 37 :param allcount: 38 :param remainder: 39 :return: 40 """ 41 if counter%allcount == remainder: 42 return True 43 return False 44 45 @register.filter 46 def detail3(value,arg): 47 48 """ 49 查看余数是否等于remainder arg="1,2" 50 :param counter: 51 :param allcount: 52 :param remainder: 53 :return: 54 """ 55 allcount, remainder = arg.split(',') 56 allcount = int(allcount) 57 remainder = int(remainder) 58 if value%allcount == remainder: 59 return True 60 return False