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[Swift]LeetCode432. 全O(1) 的数据结构 | All O`one Data Structure

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➤微信公众号：山青咏芝（shanqingyongzhi）
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➤原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/strengthen/p/10801901.html
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Implement a data structure supporting the following operations:

Inc(Key) - Inserts a new key with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1. Key is guaranteed to be a non-empty string.
Dec(Key) - If Key's value is 1, remove it from the data structure. Otherwise decrements an existing key by 1. If the key does not exist, this function does nothing. Key is guaranteed to be a non-empty string.
GetMaxKey() - Returns one of the keys with maximal value. If no element exists, return an empty string "".
GetMinKey() - Returns one of the keys with minimal value. If no element exists, return an empty string "".

Challenge: Perform all these in O(1) time complexity.

实现一个数据结构支持以下操作：

Inc(key) - 插入一个新的值为 1 的 key。或者使一个存在的 key 增加一，保证 key 不为空字符串。
Dec(key) - 如果这个 key 的值是 1，那么把他从数据结构中移除掉。否者使一个存在的 key 值减一。如果这个 key 不存在，这个函数不做任何事情。key 保证不为空字符串。
GetMaxKey() - 返回 key 中值最大的任意一个。如果没有元素存在，返回一个空字符串""。
GetMinKey() - 返回 key 中值最小的任意一个。如果没有元素存在，返回一个空字符串""。

挑战：以 O(1) 的时间复杂度实现所有操作。

Runtime: 192 ms

Memory Usage: 20.9 MB

 1 class AllOne {
 2     var obj:[String:Int]
 3     /** Initialize your data structure here. */
 4     init() {
 5         self.obj = [String:Int]()        
 6     }
 7     
 8     /** Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1. */
 9     func inc(_ key: String) {
10         if obj[key] != nil
11         {
12             obj[key,default:0] += 1
13         }
14         else
15         {
16             obj[key] = 1
17         }
18         
19     }
20     
21     /** Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it from the data structure. */
22     func dec(_ key: String) {
23         if  obj[key] != nil
24         {
25             obj[key,default:0] -= 1
26         }
27         
28         if obj[key] == 0
29         {
30             obj[key] = nil
31         }
32         
33     }
34     
35     /** Returns one of the keys with maximal value. */
36     func getMaxKey() -> String {
37         var val:Int = -1
38         var key:String = String()
39         
40         for (keys,vals) in obj
41         {
42             if vals > val
43             {
44                 val = vals
45                 key = keys
46             }
47         }
48         return key
49     }
50     
51     /** Returns one of the keys with Minimal value. */
52     func getMinKey() -> String {
53         var val:Int = Int.max
54         var key:String = String()
55          
56         for (keys,vals) in obj
57         {
58             if vals < val
59             {
60                 val = vals
61                 key = keys
62             }
63         }
64         return key
65     }
66 }
67 
68 /**
69  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
70  * let obj = AllOne()
71  * obj.inc(key)
72  * obj.dec(key)
73  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
74  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
75  */

192ms

  1 class ListNode {
  2     var val: Int
  3     var key: String
  4     var prev: ListNode?
  5     var next: ListNode?
  6     
  7     init(_ key: String, _ val: Int) {
  8         self.key = key
  9         self.val = val
 10         self.prev = nil
 11         self.next = nil
 12     }
 13 }
 14 
 15 class AllOne {
 16     var head: ListNode = ListNode("", Int.max)
 17     var tail: ListNode = ListNode("", Int.min)
 18     var map: [String: ListNode] = [:]
 19     
 20     init() {
 21         head.next = tail
 22         tail.prev = head
 23     }
 24     
 25     func inc(_ key: String) {
 26         if let node = map[key] {
 27             node.val += 1
 28             moveForward(node)
 29         }
 30         else {
 31             let node = ListNode(key, 1)
 32             map[key] = node
 33             
 34             addNode(node)
 35         }
 36     }
 37     
 38     func dec(_ key: String) {
 39         if let node = map[key] {
 40             if node.val == 1 {
 41                 removeNode(node)
 42                 map.removeValue(forKey: key)
 43             }
 44             else {
 45                 node.val -= 1
 46                 moveBackward(node)
 47             }
 48         }
 49     }
 50     
 51     func getMaxKey() -> String {
 52         return head.next!.key
 53     }
 54     
 55     func getMinKey() -> String {
 56         return tail.prev!.key
 57     }
 58     
 59     private func moveForward(_ node: ListNode) {
 60         var insertNode = node.prev
 61         
 62         var shouldMove = false
 63         while insertNode != nil && insertNode!.val < node.val {
 64             insertNode = insertNode?.prev
 65             shouldMove = true
 66         }
 67         
 68         guard shouldMove else {
 69             return
 70         }
 71         
 72         //remove node
 73         node.prev?.next = node.next
 74         node.next?.prev = node.prev
 75         
 76         //insert
 77         node.next = insertNode?.next
 78         insertNode?.next?.prev = node
 79         
 80         insertNode?.next = node
 81         node.prev = insertNode
 82     }
 83     
 84     private func moveBackward(_ node: ListNode) {
 85         var insertNode = node.next
 86         
 87         var shouldMove = false
 88         while insertNode != nil && insertNode!.val > node.val{
 89             insertNode = insertNode?.next
 90             shouldMove = true
 91         }
 92         
 93         guard shouldMove else {
 94             return
 95         }
 96         
 97         //remove node
 98         node.prev?.next = node.next
 99         node.next?.prev = node.prev
100         
101         //insert
102         insertNode?.prev?.next = node
103         node.prev = insertNode?.prev
104         
105         insertNode?.prev = node
106         node.next = insertNode
107     }
108     
109     private func addNode(_ node: ListNode) {
110         let prevNode = tail.prev
111         
112         prevNode?.next = node
113         node.prev = prevNode
114         
115         node.next = tail
116         tail.prev = node
117     }
118     
119     private func removeNode(_ node: ListNode) {
120         node.prev?.next = node.next
121         node.next?.prev = node.prev
122         
123         node.next = nil
124         node.prev = nil
125     }
126 }
127 
128 /**
129  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
130  * let obj = AllOne()
131  * obj.inc(key)
132  * obj.dec(key)
133  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
134  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
135  */

212ms

  1 class AllOne {
  2     class Node {
  3         var prev: Node?
  4         var next: Node?
  5         var value: Int
  6         var keys: Set<String>
  7                 
  8         init(_ key: String, _ value: Int) {
  9             self.prev = nil
 10             self.next = nil
 11             self.value = value
 12             self.keys = Set<String>()
 13             keys.insert(key)
 14         }
 15     }
 16     
 17     var head: Node?
 18     var tail: Node?
 19     var map: [String : Node]
 20     
 21     /** Initialize your data structure here. */
 22     init() {
 23         self.head = nil
 24         self.tail = nil
 25         self.map = [:]
 26     }
 27     
 28     /** Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1. */
 29     func inc(_ key: String) {
 30         // modify the old node
 31         if let old_home = map[key] {
 32             let new_home: Node
 33             if let n = old_home.next {
 34                 // upper neighbor exists and is new_home
 35                 if n.value == old_home.value + 1 {
 36                     new_home = n
 37                     new_home.keys.insert(key)
 38                 } else {
 39                     // upper neighbor exists but is not new_home, so create and make room
 40                     new_home = Node(key, old_home.value + 1)
 41                     new_home.next = n
 42                     new_home.prev = old_home
 43                     
 44                     old_home.next = new_home
 45                     n.prev = new_home
 46                 }
 47             } else {
 48                 // old_home was head, so update head and create node
 49                 new_home = Node(key, old_home.value + 1)
 50                 head?.next = new_home
 51                 new_home.prev = head
 52                 head = new_home
 53             }
 54             
 55             map[key] = new_home
 56             old_home.keys.remove(key)
 57             
 58             // If the old_home needs to be removed
 59             if old_home.keys.count == 0 {
 60                 if let t = tail, old_home.value == t.value {
 61                     tail = tail?.next
 62                     tail?.prev = nil
 63                 } else {
 64                     old_home.prev?.next = old_home.next
 65                     old_home.next?.prev = old_home.prev
 66                 }
 67             }
 68             
 69         } else {
 70             // Key not in map
 71             if let old_tail = tail {
 72                 if old_tail.value == 1 {
 73                     old_tail.keys.insert(key)
 74                     map[key] = old_tail
 75                 } else {
 76                     let n = Node(key, 1)
 77                     old_tail.prev = n
 78                     n.next = old_tail
 79                     tail = n
 80                     map[key] = n
 81                 }
 82             } else {
 83                 let n = Node(key, 1)
 84                 tail = n
 85                 head = n
 86                 map[key] = n
 87             }
 88         }
 89     }
 90     
 91     /** Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it from the data structure. */
 92     func dec(_ key: String) {
 93         guard let old_home = map[key] else {
 94             return
 95         }
 96 
 97         if old_home.value == 1 {
 98             map.removeValue(forKey: key)
 99         } else {
100             let new_home: Node
101             if let n = old_home.prev {
102                 if n.value == old_home.value - 1 {
103                     // left neighbor both exists and is new_home
104                     new_home = n
105                     new_home.keys.insert(key)
106                 } else {
107                     // left neighbor exists but is not new_home
108                     new_home = Node(key, old_home.value - 1)
109                     old_home.prev?.next = new_home
110                     new_home.prev = old_home.prev
111                     old_home.prev = new_home
112                     new_home.next = old_home
113                 }
114             } else {
115                 // old_home is tail and not 1
116                 new_home = Node(key, old_home.value - 1)
117                 new_home.next = tail
118                 tail?.prev = new_home
119                 tail = new_home
120             }
121             map[key] = new_home
122         }
123         old_home.keys.remove(key)
124 
125         // If the old_home needs to be removed
126         if old_home.keys.count == 0 {
127             if let t = tail, old_home.value == t.value {
128                 tail = tail?.next
129                 tail?.prev = nil
130             } else if let h = head, h.value == old_home.value {
131                 head = head?.prev
132                 head?.next = nil
133             } else {
134                 old_home.prev?.next = old_home.next
135                 old_home.next?.prev = old_home.prev
136             }
137         }
138 
139     }
140     
141     /** Returns one of the keys with maximal value. */
142     func getMaxKey() -> String {
143         return head?.keys.first ?? ""
144     }
145     
146     /** Returns one of the keys with Minimal value. */
147     func getMinKey() -> String {
148         return tail?.keys.first ?? ""
149         
150     }
151 }

216ms

  1 class Node {
  2     private(set) var val: Int
  3     var keys = Set<String>()
  4     var prev: Node?
  5     var next: Node?
  6     init(_ val: Int) {
  7         self.val = val
  8 }
  9 }
 10 class AllOne {
 11     private var head: Node?
 12     private var tail: Node?
 13     private var keyToNodeMap = [String: Node]()
 14     private var valToNodeMap = [Int: Node]()
 15     /** Initialize your data structure here. */
 16     init() {
 17         
 18     }
 19     
 20     /** Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1. */
 21     func inc(_ key: String) {
 22         let node = keyToNodeMap[key]
 23         let val = node?.val ?? 0
 24         var newNode: Node
 25         if let next = node?.next,
 26 next.val == val + 1 {
 27             newNode = next
 28 } else {
 29     newNode = valToNodeMap[val + 1] ?? Node(val + 1)
 30 }
 31 
 32 node?.keys.remove(key)
 33 newNode.keys.insert(key)
 34 keyToNodeMap[key] = newNode
 35 valToNodeMap[val + 1] = newNode
 36 
 37 if node == nil && newNode !== head {
 38     add(newNode, before: head)
 39 } else {
 40 add(newNode, after: node)
 41 }
 42 if let n = node, n.keys.count == 0 {
 43     remove(n)
 44 }
 45     }
 46     
 47     /** Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it from the data structure. */
 48     func dec(_ key: String) {
 49          guard let node = keyToNodeMap[key] else { return }
 50         let val = node.val
 51         var newNode: Node?
 52         if let prev = node.prev,
 53 prev.val == val - 1 {
 54             newNode = prev
 55 } else if val - 1 > 0 {
 56     newNode = valToNodeMap[val + 1] ?? Node(val - 1)
 57 }
 58 
 59 node.keys.remove(key)
 60 newNode?.keys.insert(key)
 61         keyToNodeMap[key] = newNode
 62         valToNodeMap[val - 1] = newNode
 63 
 64 if let nn = newNode {
 65     add(nn, before: node)
 66 }
 67 if node.keys.count == 0 {
 68     remove(node)
 69 }
 70     }
 71 
 72     private func remove(_ node: Node?) {
 73         guard let node = node else { return }
 74         node.prev?.next = node.next
 75         node.next?.prev = node.prev
 76         if head === node {
 77             head = node.next
 78 }
 79 if tail === node {
 80     tail = node.prev
 81 }
 82 }
 83 
 84     private func add(_ node: Node, before nextNode: Node?) {
 85         if nextNode?.prev !== node {
 86         nextNode?.prev?.next = node
 87         node.prev = nextNode?.prev
 88         }
 89         nextNode?.prev = node
 90         node.next = nextNode
 91         if head === nil {
 92             head = node
 93             tail = node
 94 }
 95 if head === nextNode {
 96             head = node
 97 }
 98 }
 99 
100 private func add(_ node: Node, after prevNode: Node?) {
101     if prevNode?.next !== node {
102     prevNode?.next?.prev = node
103     node.next = prevNode?.next
104     }
105         prevNode?.next = node
106         node.prev = prevNode
107         if head === nil {
108             head = prevNode ?? node
109             tail = prevNode ?? node
110 }
111 if tail === prevNode {
112     tail = node
113 }
114 }
115     
116     /** Returns one of the keys with maximal value. */
117     func getMaxKey() -> String {
118          return tail?.keys.randomElement() ?? ""
119     }
120     
121     /** Returns one of the keys with Minimal value. */
122     func getMinKey() -> String {
123           return head?.keys.randomElement() ?? ""
124     }
125 }
126 
127 /**
128  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
129  * let obj = AllOne()
130  * obj.inc(key)
131  * obj.dec(key)
132  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
133  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
134  */

220ms

  1 // each Bucket contains all the keys with the same count
  2 class DoubleLinkedBucket {
  3     var count: Int
  4     var keySet: Set<String>
  5     var prev: DoubleLinkedBucket?
  6     var next: DoubleLinkedBucket?
  7     
  8     init(_ count: Int) {
  9         self.count = count
 10         self.keySet = []
 11     }
 12 }
 13 
 14 class AllOne {
 15     // for accessing a specific Bucket among the Bucket list in O(1) time
 16     var countBucketMap: [Int: DoubleLinkedBucket]
 17     // keep track of count of keys
 18     var keyCountMap: [String: Int]
 19     // maintain a doubly linked list of Buckets
 20     var head: DoubleLinkedBucket
 21     var tail: DoubleLinkedBucket
 22     
 23     /** Initialize your data structure here. */
 24     init() {
 25         self.countBucketMap = [:]
 26         self.keyCountMap = [:]       
 27         self.head = DoubleLinkedBucket(Int.min)
 28         self.tail = DoubleLinkedBucket(Int.max)
 29         head.next = tail
 30         tail.prev = head
 31     }
 32     
 33     /** Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1. */
 34     func inc(_ key: String) {
 35         if keyCountMap[key] != nil {
 36             updateKey(key, 1);
 37         } else {
 38             keyCountMap[key] = 1
 39             if head.next?.count != 1 { addBucketAfter(DoubleLinkedBucket(1), head) }
 40             head.next?.keySet.insert(key)
 41             countBucketMap[1] = head.next
 42         }
 43     }
 44     
 45     /** Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it from the data structure. */
 46     func dec(_ key: String) {
 47         if let count = keyCountMap[key] {
 48             if count == 1 {
 49                 keyCountMap[key] = nil
 50                 removeKeyFromBucket(countBucketMap[count]!, key)
 51             } else {
 52                 updateKey(key, -1);
 53             }
 54         }
 55     }
 56     
 57     /** Returns one of the keys with maximal value. */
 58     func getMaxKey() -> String {
 59         return tail.prev! === head ? "" : tail.prev!.keySet.first!
 60     }
 61     
 62     /** Returns one of the keys with Minimal value. */
 63     func getMinKey() -> String {
 64         return head.next! === tail ? "" : head.next!.keySet.first!
 65     }
 66     
 67     func updateKey(_ key: String, _ offset: Int) {
 68         let curCount = keyCountMap[key]!
 69         let newCount = curCount + offset
 70         keyCountMap[key] = newCount
 71         
 72         let curBucket = countBucketMap[curCount]!
 73         
 74         if let newBucket = countBucketMap[newCount] {
 75             newBucket.keySet.insert(key)
 76         } else {
 77             let newBucket = DoubleLinkedBucket(newCount)
 78             countBucketMap[newCount] = newBucket
 79             addBucketAfter(newBucket, offset == 1 ? curBucket : curBucket.prev!)
 80             newBucket.keySet.insert(key)
 81         }
 82         removeKeyFromBucket(curBucket, key)
 83     }
 84         
 85     func removeKeyFromBucket(_ bucket: DoubleLinkedBucket, _ key: String) {
 86         bucket.keySet.remove(key)
 87         if (bucket.keySet.count == 0) {
 88             removeBucketFromList(bucket)
 89             countBucketMap[bucket.count] = nil
 90         }
 91     }
 92     
 93     func removeBucketFromList(_ bucket: DoubleLinkedBucket) {
 94         bucket.prev!.next = bucket.next
 95         bucket.next!.prev = bucket.prev
 96         bucket.next = nil
 97         bucket.prev = nil
 98     }
 99     
100     // add newBucket after preBucket
101     func addBucketAfter(_ newBucket: DoubleLinkedBucket, _ preBucket: DoubleLinkedBucket) {
102         newBucket.prev = preBucket
103         newBucket.next = preBucket.next
104         preBucket.next!.prev = newBucket
105         preBucket.next = newBucket
106     }
107 }
108 
109 /**
110  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
111  * let obj = AllOne()
112  * obj.inc(key)
113  * obj.dec(key)
114  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
115  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
116  */

240ms

  1 class AllOne {
  2     typealias Bucket = (Int, Set<String>)
  3     var list = LinkedList<Bucket>()
  4     var dict = [String: ListNode<Bucket>]()
  5     
  6     // Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1.
  7     func inc(_ key: String) {
  8         if let node = dict[key] {
  9             let count = node.val.0 + 1
 10             if let pre = node.pre, pre.val.0 == count {
 11                 pre.val.1.insert(key)
 12                 dict[key] = pre
 13             } else {
 14                 let newNode = ListNode((count, Set([key])))
 15                 list.insert(newNode, before: node)
 16                 dict[key] = newNode
 17             }
 18             // update list if node doesn't contain any key
 19             node.val.1.remove(key)
 20             if node.val.1.count == 0 {
 21                 list.remove(node)
 22             }
 23         } else {
 24             if let tail = list.tail, tail.val.0 == 1 {
 25                 tail.val.1.insert(key)
 26                 dict[key] = tail
 27             } else {
 28                 let newNode = ListNode((1, Set([key])))
 29                 list.addAfterTail(newNode)
 30                 dict[key] = newNode
 31             }
 32         }
 33     }
 34     
 35     // Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it.
 36     func dec(_ key: String) {
 37         if let node = dict[key] {
 38             let count = node.val.0 - 1
 39             if count == 0 {
 40                 dict[key] = nil
 41             } else {
 42                 if let next = node.next, next.val.0 == count {
 43                     next.val.1.insert(key)
 44                     dict[key] = next
 45                 } else {
 46                     let newNode = ListNode((count, Set([key])))
 47                     list.insert(newNode, after: node)
 48                     dict[key] = newNode
 49                 }
 50             }
 51             
 52             // update list if node doesn't contain any key
 53             node.val.1.remove(key)
 54             if node.val.1.count == 0 {
 55                 list.remove(node)
 56             }
 57         }
 58     }
 59     
 60     // Returns one of the keys with maximal value.
 61     func getMaxKey() -> String {
 62         return list.head?.val.1.first ?? ""
 63     }
 64     
 65     // Returns one of the keys with maximal value.
 66     func getMinKey() -> String {
 67         return list.tail?.val.1.first ?? ""
 68     }
 69 }
 70 
 71 class ListNode<T> {
 72     var val: T
 73     var next: ListNode<T>?
 74     weak var pre: ListNode<T>?
 75     
 76     init(_ val: T) {
 77         self.val = val
 78     }
 79 }
 80 
 81 class LinkedList<T> {
 82     var head: ListNode<T>?
 83     var tail: ListNode<T>?
 84     
 85     func insert(_ node: ListNode<T>, before pre: ListNode<T>) {
 86         pre.pre?.next = node
 87         node.pre = pre.pre
 88         pre.pre = node
 89         node.next = pre
 90         if pre === head {
 91             head = node
 92         }
 93     }
 94     
 95     func insert(_ node: ListNode<T>, after next: ListNode<T>) {
 96         next.next?.pre = node
 97         node.next = next.next
 98         next.next = node
 99         node.pre = next
100         if next === tail {
101             tail = node
102         }
103     }
104     
105     func addAfterTail(_ node: ListNode<T>) {
106         if head == nil {
107             head = node
108             tail = node
109         } else {
110             tail?.next = node
111             node.pre = tail
112             tail = tail?.next
113         }
114     }
115     
116     func remove(_ node: ListNode<T>) {
117         if node === head {
118             head = node.next
119         }
120         if node === tail {
121             tail = node.pre
122         }
123         node.pre?.next = node.next
124         node.next?.pre = node.pre
125         node.next = nil
126         node.pre = nil
127     }
128 }
129 
130 /**
131  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
132  * let obj = AllOne()
133  * obj.inc(key)
134  * obj.dec(key)
135  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
136  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
137  */
138

252ms

  1 class AllOne {   
  2     typealias Bucket = (Int, Set<String>)
  3     var list = LinkedList<Bucket>()
  4     var dict = [String: ListNode<Bucket>]()
  5     
  6     // Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1.
  7     func inc(_ key: String) {
  8         if let node = dict[key] {
  9             let count = node.val.0 + 1
 10             if let pre = node.pre, pre.val.0 == count {
 11                 pre.val.1.insert(key)
 12                 // var set = pre.val.1
 13                 // set.insert(key)
 14                 // pre.val = (pre.val.0, set)
 15                 dict[key] = pre
 16             } else {
 17                 let newNode = ListNode((count, Set([key])))
 18                 list.insert(newNode, before: node)
 19                 dict[key] = newNode
 20             }
 21             // update list if node doesn't contain any key
 22             var set = node.val.1
 23             set.remove(key)
 24             node.val = (node.val.0, set)
 25             if set.count == 0 {
 26                 list.remove(node)
 27             }
 28         } else {
 29             if let tail = list.tail, tail.val.0 == 1 {
 30                 tail.val.1.insert(key)
 31                 // var set = tail.val.1
 32                 // set.insert(key)
 33                 // tail.val = (tail.val.0, set)
 34                 dict[key] = tail
 35             } else {
 36                 let newNode = ListNode((1, Set([key])))
 37                 list.addAfterTail(newNode)
 38                 dict[key] = newNode
 39             }
 40         }
 41     }
 42     
 43     // Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it.
 44     func dec(_ key: String) {
 45         if let node = dict[key] {
 46             let count = node.val.0 - 1
 47             if count == 0 {
 48                 dict[key] = nil
 49             } else {
 50                 if let next = node.next, next.val.0 == count {
 51                     next.val.1.insert(key)
 52                     // var set = next.val.1
 53                     // set.insert(key)
 54                     // next.val = (next.val.0, set)
 55                     dict[key] = next
 56                 } else {
 57                     let newNode = ListNode((count, Set([key])))
 58                     list.insert(newNode, after: node)
 59                     dict[key] = newNode
 60                 }
 61             }
 62             
 63             var set = node.val.1
 64             set.remove(key)
 65             node.val = (node.val.0, set)
 66             if set.count == 0 {
 67                 list.remove(node)
 68             }
 69         }
 70     }
 71     
 72     // Returns one of the keys with maximal value.
 73     func getMaxKey() -> String {
 74         return list.head?.val.1.first ?? ""
 75     }
 76     
 77     // Returns one of the keys with maximal value.
 78     func getMinKey() -> String {
 79         return list.tail?.val.1.first ?? ""
 80     }
 81 }
 82 
 83 class ListNode<T> {
 84     var val: T
 85     var next: ListNode<T>?
 86     weak var pre: ListNode<T>?
 87     
 88     init(_ val: T) {
 89         self.val = val
 90     }
 91 }
 92 
 93 class LinkedList<T> {
 94     var head: ListNode<T>?
 95     var tail: ListNode<T>?
 96     
 97     func insert(_ node: ListNode<T>, before pre: ListNode<T>) {
 98         pre.pre?.next = node
 99         node.pre = pre.pre
100         pre.pre = node
101         node.next = pre
102         if pre === head {
103             head = node
104         }
105     }
106     
107     func insert(_ node: ListNode<T>, after next: ListNode<T>) {
108         next.next?.pre = node
109         node.next = next.next
110         next.next = node
111         node.pre = next
112         if next === tail {
113             tail = node
114         }
115     }
116     
117     func addAfterTail(_ node: ListNode<T>) {
118         if head == nil {
119             head = node
120             tail = node
121         } else {
122             tail?.next = node
123             node.pre = tail
124             tail = tail?.next
125         }
126     }
127     
128     func remove(_ node: ListNode<T>) {
129         if node === head {
130             head = node.next
131         }
132         if node === tail {
133             tail = node.pre
134         }
135         node.pre?.next = node.next
136         node.next?.pre = node.pre
137         node.next = nil
138         node.pre = nil
139     }
140 }
141 
142 /**
143  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
144  * let obj = AllOne()
145  * obj.inc(key)
146  * obj.dec(key)
147  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
148  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
149  */
150

256ms

  1 class AllOne {   
  2     private var list = LinkedList<Bucket>()
  3     private var dict = [String: ListNode<Bucket>]()
  4     
  5     /** Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1. */
  6     func inc(_ key: String) {
  7         
  8         if let node = dict[key] {
  9             
 10             // update dict and node
 11             let newCount = node.val.count + 1
 12             if let pre = node.pre, pre.val.count == newCount {
 13                 pre.val.keys.insert(key)
 14                 dict[key] = pre
 15             } else {
 16                 // add new node
 17                 let newNode = ListNode(Bucket(newCount, Set([key])))
 18                 list.insert(newNode, before: node)
 19                 dict[key] = newNode
 20             }
 21             
 22             // remove key from node
 23             node.val.keys.remove(key)
 24             if node.val.keys.count == 0 {
 25                 list.remove(node)
 26             }
 27             
 28         } else {
 29             if let tail = list.tail, tail.val.count == 1 {
 30                 tail.val.keys.insert(key)
 31                 dict[key] = tail
 32             } else {
 33                 let bucket = Bucket(1, Set([key]))
 34                 let node = ListNode(bucket)
 35                 list.addToTail(node)
 36                 dict[key] = node
 37             }
 38         }
 39     }
 40     
 41     /** Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it from the data structure. */
 42     func dec(_ key: String) {
 43         
 44         if let node = dict[key] {
 45             
 46             let newCount = node.val.count - 1
 47             if newCount == 0 {
 48                 dict[key] = nil
 49             } else {
 50                 if let next = node.next, next.val.count == newCount {
 51                     next.val.keys.insert(key)
 52                     dict[key] = next
 53                 } else {
 54                     // add new node
 55                     let newNode = ListNode(Bucket(newCount, Set([key])))
 56                     list.insert(newNode, after: node)
 57                     dict[key] = newNode
 58                 }
 59             }
 60 
 61             // remove key from node
 62             node.val.keys.remove(key)
 63             if node.val.keys.count == 0 {
 64                 list.remove(node)
 65             }
 66             
 67         }
 68     }
 69     
 70     /** Returns one of the keys with maximal value. */
 71     func getMaxKey() -> String {
 72         return list.head?.val.keys.first ?? ""
 73     }
 74     
 75     /** Returns one of the keys with Minimal value. */
 76     func getMinKey() -> String {
 77         return list.tail?.val.keys.first ?? ""
 78     }
 79 }
 80 
 81 class LinkedList<T> {
 82     var head: ListNode<T>?
 83     var tail: ListNode<T>?
 84     
 85     func addToTail(_ node: ListNode<T>) {
 86         if head == nil {
 87             head = node
 88             tail = node
 89         } else {
 90             tail?.next = node
 91             node.pre = tail
 92             tail = node
 93         }
 94     }
 95     
 96     func remove(_ node: ListNode<T>) {
 97         if head === node {
 98             head = node.next
 99         }
100         if tail === node {
101             tail = node.pre
102         }
103         node.pre?.next = node.next
104         node.next?.pre = node.pre
105         node.pre = nil
106         node.next = nil
107     }
108     
109     func insert(_ node: ListNode<T>, before node2: ListNode<T>?) {
110         if head === node2 {
111             head = node
112         }
113         let pre = node2?.pre
114         node2?.pre = node
115         node.next = node2
116         pre?.next = node
117         node.pre = pre
118     }
119     
120     func insert(_ node: ListNode<T>, after node2: ListNode<T>?) {
121         if node2 === tail {
122             tail = node
123         }
124         let next = node2?.next
125         node2?.next = node
126         node.pre = node2
127         node.next = next
128         next?.pre = node
129     }
130 }
131 
132 class ListNode<T> {
133     var val: T
134     var next: ListNode<T>?
135     weak var pre: ListNode<T>?
136     
137     init(_ val: T) {
138         self.val = val
139     }
140 }
141 
142 class Bucket {
143     var count: Int
144     var keys: Set<String>
145     
146     init(_ count: Int, _ keys: Set<String>) {
147         self.count = count
148         self.keys = keys
149     }
150 }
151 
152 /**
153  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
154  * let obj = AllOne()
155  * obj.inc(key)
156  * obj.dec(key)
157  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
158  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
159  */

260ms

  1 class AllOne {    
  2     var head: Bucket
  3     var tail: Bucket
  4     var bucketMap: [Int: Bucket]
  5     var countMap: [String: Int]
  6 
  7     /** Initialize your data structure here. */
  8     init() {
  9         self.head = Bucket()
 10         self.tail = Bucket()
 11         self.bucketMap = [Int: Bucket]()
 12         self.countMap = [String: Int]()
 13         self.head.next = self.tail
 14         self.tail.prev = self.head
 15     }
 16     
 17     /** Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1. */
 18     func inc(_ key: String) {
 19         if let count = countMap[key] {
 20             // if the key exists.
 21             bucketMap[count]!.keys.remove(key)
 22             if let nextBucket = bucketMap[count + 1] {
 23                 nextBucket.keys.insert(key)
 24             } else {
 25                 let newBucket = Bucket()
 26                 newBucket.keys.insert(key)
 27                 // insert the new bucket
 28                 let prevBucket = bucketMap[count]!
 29                 newBucket.next = prevBucket.next
 30                 prevBucket.next = newBucket
 31                 newBucket.next!.prev = newBucket
 32                 newBucket.prev = prevBucket
 33                 bucketMap[count + 1] = newBucket
 34             }
 35             if bucketMap[count]!.keys.count == 0 {
 36                 remove(bucketMap[count]!)
 37                 bucketMap[count] = nil
 38             }
 39         } else {
 40             if let firstBucket = bucketMap[1] {
 41                 firstBucket.keys.insert(key)
 42             } else {
 43                 let newBucket = Bucket()
 44                 newBucket.keys.insert(key)
 45                 // insert the new bucket
 46                 newBucket.next = head.next
 47                 head.next = newBucket
 48                 newBucket.next!.prev = newBucket
 49                 newBucket.prev = head
 50                 bucketMap[1] = newBucket
 51             }
 52         }
 53         countMap[key] = (countMap[key] ?? 0) + 1
 54     }
 55     
 56     /** Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it from the data structure. */
 57     func dec(_ key: String) {
 58         if let count = countMap[key] {
 59             // if the key exists.
 60             bucketMap[count]!.keys.remove(key)
 61             if count == 1 { } else if let pervBucket = bucketMap[count - 1] {
 62                 pervBucket.keys.insert(key)
 63             } else {
 64                 let newBucket = Bucket()
 65                 newBucket.keys.insert(key)
 66                 // insert the new bucket
 67                 let nextBucket = bucketMap[count]!
 68                 newBucket.next = nextBucket
 69                 nextBucket.prev!.next = newBucket
 70                 newBucket.prev = nextBucket.prev
 71                 nextBucket.prev = newBucket
 72                 bucketMap[count - 1] = newBucket
 73             }
 74             if bucketMap[count]!.keys.count == 0 {
 75                 remove(bucketMap[count]!)
 76                 bucketMap[count] = nil
 77             }
 78             if countMap[key]! - 1 == 0 {
 79                 countMap[key] = nil
 80             } else {
 81                 countMap[key] = countMap[key]! - 1
 82             }
 83         }
 84     }
 85     
 86     /** Returns one of the keys with maximal value. */
 87     func getMaxKey() -> String {
 88         guard head.next! !== tail else {
 89             return ""
 90         }
 91         // print(bucketMap)
 92         // print(countMap)
 93         return tail.prev!.keys.first!
 94     }
 95     
 96     /** Returns one of the keys with Minimal value. */
 97     func getMinKey() -> String {
 98         guard head.next! !== tail else {
 99             return ""
100         }
101         // print(bucketMap)
102         // print(countMap)
103         return head.next!.keys.first!
104     }
105     
106     private func remove(_ bucket: Bucket) {
107         bucket.prev!.next = bucket.next
108         bucket.next!.prev = bucket.prev
109     }
110 }
111 
112 class Bucket {
113     var keys: Set<String>
114     var prev: Bucket?
115     var next: Bucket?
116     
117     init() {
118         self.keys = Set<String>()
119     }
120 }
121 
122 /**
123  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
124  * let obj = AllOne()
125  * obj.inc(key)
126  * obj.dec(key)
127  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
128  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
129  */

264ms

  1 class AllOne {
  2     private var list = LinkedList<Bucket>()
  3     private var dict = [String: ListNode<Bucket>]()
  4     
  5     /** Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1. */
  6     func inc(_ key: String) {
  7         
  8         if let node = dict[key] {
  9             
 10             // update dict and node
 11             let newCount = node.val.count + 1
 12             if let pre = node.pre, pre.val.count == newCount {
 13                 pre.val.keys.insert(key)
 14                 dict[key] = pre
 15             } else {
 16                 // add new node
 17                 let newNode = ListNode(Bucket(newCount, Set([key])))
 18                 list.insert(newNode, before: node)
 19                 dict[key] = newNode
 20             }
 21             
 22             // remove key from node
 23             node.val.keys.remove(key)
 24             if node.val.keys.count == 0 {
 25                 list.remove(node)
 26             }
 27             
 28         } else {
 29             if let tail = list.tail, tail.val.count == 1 {
 30                 tail.val.keys.insert(key)
 31                 dict[key] = tail
 32             } else {
 33                 let bucket = Bucket(1, Set([key]))
 34                 let node = ListNode(bucket)
 35                 list.addToTail(node)
 36                 dict[key] = node
 37             }
 38         }
 39     }
 40     
 41     /** Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it from the data structure. */
 42     func dec(_ key: String) {
 43         
 44         if let node = dict[key] {
 45             
 46             let newCount = node.val.count - 1
 47             if newCount == 0 {
 48                 dict[key] = nil
 49             } else {
 50                 if let next = node.next, next.val.count == newCount {
 51                     next.val.keys.insert(key)
 52                     dict[key] = next
 53                 } else {
 54                     // add new node
 55                     let newNode = ListNode(Bucket(newCount, Set([key])))
 56                     list.insert(newNode, after: node)
 57                     dict[key] = newNode
 58                 }
 59             }
 60 
 61             // remove key from node
 62             node.val.keys.remove(key)
 63             if node.val.keys.count == 0 {
 64                 list.remove(node)
 65             }
 66             
 67         }
 68     }
 69     
 70     /** Returns one of the keys with maximal value. */
 71     func getMaxKey() -> String {
 72         return list.head?.val.keys.first ?? ""
 73     }
 74     
 75     /** Returns one of the keys with Minimal value. */
 76     func getMinKey() -> String {
 77         return list.tail?.val.keys.first ?? ""
 78     }
 79 }
 80 
 81 class LinkedList<T> {
 82     var head: ListNode<T>?
 83     var tail: ListNode<T>?
 84     
 85     func addToTail(_ node: ListNode<T>) {
 86         if head == nil {
 87             head = node
 88             tail = node
 89         }
 90         
 91         tail?.next = node
 92         node.pre = tail
 93         tail = node
 94     }
 95     
 96     func remove(_ node: ListNode<T>) {
 97         if head === node {
 98             head = node.next
 99         }
100         if tail === node {
101             tail = node.pre
102         }
103         node.pre?.next = node.next
104         node.next?.pre = node.pre
105         node.pre = nil
106         node.next = nil
107     }
108     
109     func insert(_ node: ListNode<T>, before node2: ListNode<T>?) {
110         if head === node2 {
111             head = node
112         }
113         let pre = node2?.pre
114         node2?.pre = node
115         node.next = node2
116         pre?.next = node
117         node.pre = pre
118     }
119     
120     func insert(_ node: ListNode<T>, after node2: ListNode<T>?) {
121         if node2 === tail {
122             tail = node
123         }
124         let next = node2?.next
125         node2?.next = node
126         node.pre = node2
127         node.next = next
128         next?.pre = node
129     }
130 }
131 
132 class ListNode<T> {
133     var val: T
134     var next: ListNode<T>?
135     weak var pre: ListNode<T>?
136     
137     init(_ val: T) {
138         self.val = val
139     }
140 }
141 
142 class Bucket {
143     var count: Int
144     var keys: Set<String>
145     
146     init(_ count: Int, _ keys: Set<String>) {
147         self.count = count
148         self.keys = keys
149     }
150 }
151 
152 /**
153  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
154  * let obj = AllOne()
155  * obj.inc(key)
156  * obj.dec(key)
157  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
158  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
159  */

  1 class AllOne {
  2     
  3     var head: Bucket
  4     var tail: Bucket
  5     var bucketMap: [Int: Bucket]
  6     var countMap: [String: Int]
  7 
  8     /** Initialize your data structure here. */
  9     init() {
 10         self.head = Bucket()
 11         self.tail = Bucket()
 12         self.bucketMap = [Int: Bucket]()
 13         self.countMap = [String: Int]()
 14         self.head.next = self.tail
 15         self.tail.prev = self.head
 16     }
 17     
 18     /** Inserts a new key <Key> with value 1. Or increments an existing key by 1. */
 19     func inc(_ key: String) {
 20         if let count = countMap[key] {
 21             // if the key exists.
 22             bucketMap[count]!.keys.remove(key)
 23             if let nextBucket = bucketMap[count + 1] {
 24                 nextBucket.keys.insert(key)
 25             } else {
 26                 let newBucket = Bucket()
 27                 newBucket.keys.insert(key)
 28                 // insert the new bucket
 29                 let prevBucket = bucketMap[count]!
 30                 newBucket.next = prevBucket.next
 31                 prevBucket.next = newBucket
 32                 newBucket.next!.prev = newBucket
 33                 newBucket.prev = prevBucket
 34                 bucketMap[count + 1] = newBucket
 35             }
 36             if bucketMap[count]!.keys.count == 0 {
 37                 remove(bucketMap[count]!)
 38                 bucketMap[count] = nil
 39             }
 40         } else {
 41             if let firstBucket = bucketMap[1] {
 42                 firstBucket.keys.insert(key)
 43             } else {
 44                 let newBucket = Bucket()
 45                 newBucket.keys.insert(key)
 46                 // insert the new bucket
 47                 newBucket.next = head.next
 48                 head.next = newBucket
 49                 newBucket.next!.prev = newBucket
 50                 newBucket.prev = head
 51                 bucketMap[1] = newBucket
 52             }
 53         }
 54         countMap[key] = (countMap[key] ?? 0) + 1
 55     }
 56     
 57     /** Decrements an existing key by 1. If Key's value is 1, remove it from the data structure. */
 58     func dec(_ key: String) {
 59         if let count = countMap[key] {
 60             // if the key exists.
 61             bucketMap[count]!.keys.remove(key)
 62             if count == 1 { } else if let pervBucket = bucketMap[count - 1] {
 63                 pervBucket.keys.insert(key)
 64             } else {
 65                 let newBucket = Bucket()
 66                 newBucket.keys.insert(key)
 67                 // insert the new bucket
 68                 let nextBucket = bucketMap[count]!
 69                 newBucket.next = nextBucket
 70                 nextBucket.prev!.next = newBucket
 71                 newBucket.prev = nextBucket.prev
 72                 nextBucket.prev = newBucket
 73                 bucketMap[count - 1] = newBucket
 74             }
 75             if bucketMap[count]!.keys.count == 0 {
 76                 remove(bucketMap[count]!)
 77                 bucketMap[count] = nil
 78             }
 79             if countMap[key]! - 1 == 0 {
 80                 countMap[key] = nil
 81             } else {
 82                 countMap[key] = countMap[key]! - 1
 83             }
 84         }
 85     }
 86     
 87     /** Returns one of the keys with maximal value. */
 88     func getMaxKey() -> String {
 89         guard head.next! !== tail else {
 90             return ""
 91         }
 92         // print(bucketMap)
 93         // print(countMap)
 94         return tail.prev!.keys.first!
 95     }
 96     
 97     /** Returns one of the keys with Minimal value. */
 98     func getMinKey() -> String {
 99         guard head.next! !== tail else {
100             return ""
101         }
102         // print(bucketMap)
103         // print(countMap)
104         return head.next!.keys.first!
105     }
106     
107     private func remove(_ bucket: Bucket) {
108         bucket.prev!.next = bucket.next
109         bucket.next!.prev = bucket.prev
110     }
111 }
112 
113 class Bucket {
114     var keys: Set<String>
115     var prev: Bucket?
116     var next: Bucket?
117     
118     init() {
119         self.keys = Set<String>()
120     }
121 }
122 
123 /**
124  * Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
125  * let obj = AllOne()
126  * obj.inc(key)
127  * obj.dec(key)
128  * let ret_3: String = obj.getMaxKey()
129  * let ret_4: String = obj.getMinKey()
130  */

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/strengthen/p/10801901.html

[Swift]LeetCode432. 全O(1) 的数据结构 | All O`one Data Structure

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