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  • linux epoll机制对TCP 客户端和服务端的监听C代码通用框架实现

    1 TCP简介

    tcp是一种基于流的应用层协议,其“可靠的数据传输”实现的原理就是,“拥塞控制”的滑动窗口机制,该机制包含的算法主要有“慢启动”,“拥塞避免”,“快速重传”。

     2 TCP socket建立和epoll监听实现

    数据结构设计

    linux环境下,应用层TCP消息体定义如下:

    typedef struct TcpMsg_s
    {
         TcpMsgHeader head;
         void* msg;
    }TcpMsg;

    其中,head表示自定义的TCP消息头,它的定义如下:

    //TCP消息类型,根据业务需求定义
    typedef enum MSGTYPE _e { EP_REG_REQ = 0, EP_REQ_RSP = 1, }MSGTYPE;
    //TCP消息头定义的通用框架 typedef
    struct TcpMsgHead_s { int len;//消息长度(用作TCP粘包处理) MSGTYPE type;//消息类型(用作接收端消息的解析) }TcpMsgHead;

    socket建立C代码

    TCP客户端和服务端都采用linux提供的epoll机制(epoll_create(),epoll_wait(),epoll_ctl())对socket实现监听(可读,可写事件等)。

    开源事件驱动库lievent对socket事件的监听也是通过对epoll事件的封装实现的。

    (1)TCP服务端socket建立C代码

    基本原理:利用linux网络通信API(scoket(),bind(),listen())来创建服务器端socket;

    代码如下:输入参数:localip,本地ip;port:服务端本地的监听端口号;输出:返回-1,表示失败;返回>0的fd,表示socket建立成功;

     1    int TcpServer(uint32_t lcoalip, int port)
     2    {
     3        int fd;
     4        struct sockaddr_in addr;
     5 
     6        //socket建立
     7        if ((fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0)  
     8        {
     9            printf("IN TcpServer() scoket created failed,errno is %d, strerror is %s
    ", errno, strerror(errno));
    10            return -1;
    11        }  
    12 
    13        //设置socket为非阻塞模式
    14        int flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
    15        fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);
    16 
    17        memset(&addr, 0 , sizeof(addr));
    18        addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    19        addr.sin_addr.s_addr = localip;
    20        addr.sin_port = port;
    21 
    22        //绑定本地端口和IP
    23        if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr_in)&addr, sizeof(addr) < 0))
    24        {
    25            printf("IN TcpServer() bind failed,fd is%d, errno is %d, strerror is %s
    ", fd, errno, strerror(errno));
    26            return -1;
    27        }
    28 
    29        if (listen(fd, 20< 0))
    30        {
    31            printf("IN TcpServer() listen failed,fd is%d, errno is %d, strerror is %s
    ", fd, errno, strerror(errno));
    32            return -1;
    33        }
    34     
    35        //add the socket to epoll event
    36        if (SubscribeFd(fd, SOCKET_EV) != 0)
    {
    return -1;
    }
    37 return fd; 38 }

    而SubscribeFd函数功能是将socket添加到epoll的监听事件中

    实现如下:

    输入参数:fd,待监听的fd;type,枚举型变量,表明TCP类型,是客户端还是服务端;port:服务端的监听端口号;输出:返回-1,表示监听失败;返回0,表示将该socket成功添加到维护在全局变量g_epoll(TCP_EPOLL类型结构体)中的监听事件中;其中TCP_TYPE枚举变量和TCP_EPOLL结构体的定义如下:

    typedef enum
    {
         CLIENT = 0,
         SERVER = 1,
    }TCP_TYPE;
     
    #define MAX_NUM_EPOLL 1000//最多可监听的socket数目
    typedef struct TCP_EPOLL_s
    {
         struct epoll_event* p_event;
         int nb_evnet;
    int nb_client;//for tcp server
    int epoll_fd; int sock_listen;//for tcp server int sock[MAX_NUM_EPOLL]; TCP_NL_MSG* p_tcp_nl_msg;//TCP粘包处理数据结构 }TCP_EPOLL;

    SubscribeFd函数实现如下:

    int SubscribeFd (int fd, TCP_TYPE type)
    {
        struct epoll_event event;
         
        if (CLIENT == type)
        {
            event.events = EPOLLOUT | EPOLLET;//监听类型为可写事件
        }
        else if (SERVER == type)
        {
            event.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;//监听类型为可读事件
        }
    
        event.date.u64 = 0;
        evnet.data.fd = fd;
    
        g_epoll.nb_event++;
        g_epoll.p_event = realloc(g_epoll.p_event, g_epoll.nb_event * sizeof(struct epoll_event));
    
        //add epoll control event 
        if (epoll_ctl(g_epoll.epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &event) != 0)
        {
            printf("epoll_ctl failed for fd %d, errno is %d, strerror is %s
    ", fd, errno, strerror(errno));
            return -1;
        }
    
        printf("successfully subscribe fd %d
    ", fd);
    
        return 0;
    }

    (2)TCP客户端socket建立C代码

    基本原理:利用linux网络通信API(scoket(),connect())来创建客户端socket;

    代码如下:输入参数:peerip,服务端IP;localip,本地ip;port:服务端的监听端口号;输出:返回-1,表示失败;返回>0的fd,表示socket建立成功;

     1 int TCPClient(uint32_t peerip,uint32_t localip,uint16_t port)
     2 {
     3      int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
     4      if (fd < 0)
     5      {
     6        printf("TCPClient() socket failed");
     7        return -1;
     8      }
     9 
    10     struct sockaddr_in localaddr = {0};
    11     localaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    12     localaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = localip;
    13     //localaddr.sin_port = htons(port);
    14     
    15     int ret = bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&localaddr, sizeof(localaddr));
    16     if (ret < 0)
    17     {
    18         printf("TCPClient() bind failed localip %u", localip);
    19         return -1;
    20     }
    21     
    22     int flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
    23     fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);
    24 
    25     struct sockaddr_in servaddr = {0};
    26     servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    27     servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = peerip;
    28     servaddr.sin_port = htons(port);
    29     
    30     ret = connect(fd, (sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
    31     if(ret < 0)
    32     {
    33         if (errno != EINPROGRESS)
    34         {
    35             printf("TCPClient() connect failed, peerip %u, port %u", peerip, port);
    36             return -1;
    37         }
    38     }
    39     
    40     printf("TCPClient() connect success, fd = %u,peerip %u, port %u",fd, peerip, port);
    41     
    42     return fd;
    43 }

    (3) TCP客户端和服务端利用epoll_wait()实现对socket的监听和消息的接收的通用框架

    TCP服务端监听到监听socket有EPOLLIN事件到来时,调用int accept_fd = accept();接收此连接请求,然后服务端要利用epoll_create()为accept_fd创建新的监听事件;

    linux利用epoll机制实现socket事件的消息接收的C代码(TCP接收线程的入口)如下:

     1 void tcp_thread()
     2 {
     3     CreateEpoll();
     4     CreateSocketFdEpoll(g_tcp_type);
     5     
     6     while (1)
     7     {
     8         //wait for a message
     9         EpollRecvMsg();
    10     }
    11 }


    CreateEpoll函数是调用epoll_create来创建epoll事件:

    1 TCP_EPOLL g_epoll;//全局Epoll变量
    2 
    3 //EPOLL事件的建立
    4 void CreateEpoll()
    5 {
    6      g_epoll.epoll_fd = epoll_create1(0);
    7      g_epoll.nb_event = 0;
    8 }

    CreateSocketFdEpoll函数功能为创建TCP socket和TCP粘连处理数据结构初始化:

     1 int CreateSocketFdEpoll(TCP_TYPE type)
     2 {
     3     uint32_t server_ip = inet_addr(SERVER_IP);
     4     uint32_t local_ip = inet_addr(LOCAL_IP);
     5 
     6     int fd;
     7     if (CLIENT == type)
     8     {
     9         fd = TcpClient(server_ip, SERVER_PORT, local_ip);
    10         g_epoll.sock = fd;
    11     }
    12     else if (SERVER == type)
    13     {
    14         fd = TcpServer(local_ip, LOCAL_PORT);
    15         g_epoll.sock_listen = fd;
    16     }
    17 
    18     g_epoll.p_tcpNLMsg = (TCP_NL_MSG)malloc(sizeof(TCP_NL_MSG));
    19 
    20     InitTcpNLMsg(g_epoll.p_tcpNLMsg);
    21 }

    InitTcpNLMsg函数是对TCP粘连处理数据结构的初始化:

    1 void InitTcpNLMsg(TCP_NL_MSG* pTcpNLMsg)
    2 {
    3     pTcpNLMsg->g_recv_len = 0;
    4     pTcpNLMsg->flag_in_NL_proc = FALSE;
    5     memset(pTcpNLMsg->g_recv_buff, 0, MAX_MSG_LEN);
    6 }

     其中,TCP粘包处理的数据结构设计和处理逻辑分析详见另一篇博文:

    TCP粘包处理通用框架--C代码

    EpollRecvMsg函数是调用epoll_wait()实现对Socket事件的监听和消息的接收:

     1 void EpollRecvMsg()
     2 {
     3     int epoll_ret = 0;
     4     int epoll_timeout = -1;
     5 
     6     do
     7     {
     8         epoll_ret = epoll_wait(g_epoll.epoll_fd, g_epoll.p_event, g_epoll.nb_event, epoll_timeout);
     9     }while(epoll_ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
    10 
    11     if (epoll_ret < 0)
    12     {
    13         printf("epoll_wait failed: %s
    ", strerror(errno));
    14         return;
    15     }
    16 
    17     //遍历处理每一个当前监听到的事件
    18     for (int i=0;i<epoll_ret;++i)
    19     {
    20          int fd = g_epoll.p_event[i].data.fd;
    21          
    22          if (CLIENT == g_tcp_type)
    23          {
    24              if (g_epoll.p_event[i].events & EPOLLOUT) //the socket is writable,socket可写,表明服务端已accept该客户端的connect请求
    25             {
    26                  if (JudgeIfConnSucc(fd) == 0)//判断TCP连接是否建立成功
    27                  {
    28                       struct epoll_event* p_ev = &(g_epoll.p_event[i]);
    29                       p_ev ->events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;
    30                       
    31                       epoll_ctl(g_epoll.epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_MOD,fd, p_ev );//对TCP客户端socket修改其监听类型,由可写改为可读
    32 
    33                       printf("tcp_fd_client %d can be written
    ", fd);
    34                  }
    35             }
    36             else if(g_epoll.p_event[i].events & EPOLLIN) //the socket is readable
    37             {
    38                  RecvTcpMsg(fd);
    39             }
    40          }
    41          else if (SERVER== g_tcp_type)
    42          {  if (g_epoll.p_event[i].events & EPOLLIN) //the socket is readable,服务端socket可读
    43             {
    44                  if (fd == g_epoll.sock_listen)//服务端接收到一个TCP连接请求
    45                  {
    46                       struct sockaddr s_addr;
    47                       socklen_t length = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
    48 
    49                       int conn_fd = accept(fd, &s_addr, &length);//服务端接收来自客户端的连接请求
    50 
    51                       int flags = fcntl(conn_fd, F_GETFL, 0);
    52                       fcmt(conn_fd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);
    53 
    54                       g_epoll.sock[g_epoll.nb_client++] = conn_fd;
    55 
    56                       SubscribeFd(conn_fd, SERVER);//服务端将新建立的TCP连接建立新的epoll监听事件,并维护在全局变量中
    57 
    58                       printf("Receive a tcp conn request, conn_fd is %d
    ", fd);
    59                  }
    60                 else //support multi tcp client
    61                 {
    62                      RecvTcpMsg(fd);//接收TCP消息(先进行粘包处理,然后根据消息类型进入不同的处理分支)
    63                 }
    64             }
    65          }
    66     }
    67 }                            

    (4)通用的TCP消息发送函数

    函数实现如下:

    输入:fd,发送socket;type,业务定义的tcp消息类型;msg指针:指向待发送的消息地址;length,待发送的msg的字节数;

    输出:成功,返回发送的字节数;失败,返回-1;

    #define MAX_LEN_BUFF 65535
    int
    SendTcpMsg(int fd, MSGTYPE type, void* msg, int length) { uint8_t buf[MAX_LEN_BUFF]; memset(buf,0,MAX_LEN_BUFF); uint32_t bsize = 0; TcpMsgHead* head = (TcpMsgHead*)buf; bsize += sizeof(TcpMsgHead);
    //将待发送消息内容拷贝到待发送缓存中 memcpy(buf
    +bsize, msg, length); bsize += length;
    //封装TCP消息头,指明消息类型(用作接收端消息的解析)和消息长度(用作TCP粘包处理) head
    ->type = type; head->msglen = bsize; int ret = send(fd,(const void*)buf,bsize,0); if(ret != bsize) { printf("Failed to send tcp msg,errno=%u,ret=%d, strerror is %s ", errno, ret, strerror(errno)); return -1; } printf("Success to send tcp msg, msg type is %d ", type); return ret; }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/studyofadeerlet/p/7265616.html
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