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  • Python3使用openpyxl读写Excel文件

    Python中常用的操作Excel的三方包有xlrd,xlwt和openpyxl等,xlrd支持读取.xls和.xlsx格式的Excel文件,只支持读取,不支持写入。xlwt只支持写入.xls格式的文件,不支持读取。
    openpyxl不支持.xls格式,但是支持.xlsx格式的读取写入,并且支持写入公式等。

    原始数据文件apis.xlsx内容:

    name method url data json result
    get接口 get https://httpbin.org/get?a=1&b=2
    post表单接口 post https://httpbin.org/post {name: Kevin,age:1}
    post-json接口 post https://httpbin.org/post {name: Kevin,age: 21}

    读取数据

    读取所有数据

    import openpyxl
    
    # 打开excel
    excel = openpyxl.load_workbook('apis.xlsx')  # 有路径应带上路径
    # 使用指定工作表
    sheet = excel.active  # 当前激活的工作表
    # sheet = excel.get_sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
    # 读取所有数据
    print(list(sheet.values))  # sheet.values 生成器
    print(sheet.max_column)  # 最大列数
    print(sheet.max_row)  # 最大行数
    

    显示结果:

    [('name', 'method', 'url', 'headers', 'data', 'json', 'result'), ('get接口', 'get', 'https://httpbin.org/get?a=1&b=2', None, None, None, None), ('post表单接口', 'post', 'https://httpbin.org/post', 'cookie: token=123', '{name: Kevin,age: 21}', None, None), ('post-json接口', 'post', 'https://httpbin.org/post', None, None, '{name: Kevin,age: 21}', None)]
    7
    4
    

    按行读取

    代码接上例

     ...
    # 按行读取
    for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=1, min_col=1, max_col=3, max_row=3): 
        print(row)
    # 读取标题行
    for row in sheet.iter_rows(max_row=1):
        title_row = [cell.value for cell in row]
    print(title_row)
    # 读取标题行以外数据
    for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2):
        row_data = [cell.value for cell in row]
        print(row_data)
    

    打印结果:

    (<Cell 'Sheet1'.A1>, <Cell 'Sheet1'.B1>, <Cell 'Sheet1'.C1>)
    (<Cell 'Sheet1'.A2>, <Cell 'Sheet1'.B2>, <Cell 'Sheet1'.C2>)
    (<Cell 'Sheet1'.A3>, <Cell 'Sheet1'.B3>, <Cell 'Sheet1'.C3>)
    ['name', 'method', 'url', 'headers', 'data', 'json', 'result']
    ['get接口', 'get', 'https://httpbin.org/get?a=1&b=2', None, None, None, None]
    ['post表单接口', 'post', 'https://httpbin.org/post', 'cookie: token=123', '{name: Kevin,age: 21}', None, None]
    ['post-json接口', 'post', 'https://httpbin.org/post', None, None, '{name: Kevin,age: 21}', None]
    

    读取单元格数据

    代码接上例

    ...
    # 读取单元格数据
    print(sheet['A1'].value)
    print(sheet.cell(1,1).value)  # 索引从1开始
    

    打印结果:

    name
    name
    

    写入文件

    代码接上例

    # 写入单元格
    sheet['F2'] = 'PASS'
    result_col = title_row.index('result')+1  # 'result'所在的列号
    sheet.cell(3, result_col).value = 'PASS'
    # 整行写入
    new_row = ['post-xml接口', 'post', 'https://httpbin.org/post']
    sheet.append(new_row)
    # 保存文件,也可覆盖原文件
    excel.save("apis2.xlsx")
    

    写入结果:

    name method url data json result
    get接口 get https://httpbin.org/get?a=1&b=2 PASS
    post表单接口 post https://httpbin.org/post {name: Kevin,age:1} PASS
    post-json接口 post https://httpbin.org/post {name: Kevin,age: 21}
    post-xml接口 post https://httpbin.org/post

    更多操作可参考官方文档: https://openpyxl.readthedocs.io/en/stable/

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/superhin/p/11503933.html
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