学习开发购物车模块
发现一个问题，如果web.xml中配置映射路径中/servlet/***,在serlet中，跳转的时候，会在路径中自动添加/servlet，这个真是非常的恶心。下次设置映射的时候，不加/servlet.
首先给出购买页。这里用静态页面。
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'shoMerchandise.jsp' starting page</title> </head> <body> <table width=424 " height="583" border="0" align="center"> <tr> <td width="190"><img alt="hpcomputer" src="images/hppavilion.jpg"></td> <td width="224"><img src="images/lenovo.jpg"> <td> </tr> <tr> <td>笔记本电脑</td> <td>移动硬盘 </tr> <tr> <td>价格：5999.99元</td> <td>价格：688.88</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="servlet/AddShoppingCart?id=0001&name=笔记本电脑&price=5999.00"><img src="images/buybutton.gif" width="71" height="21" border="0" /></a> </td> <td> <a href="servlet/AddShoppingCart?id=0002&name=移动硬盘&price=688.88"><img src="images/buybutton.gif" width="71" height="21" border="0"/></a> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
点击购买，跳转到addShoppingCart.java，这是一个servlet，处理的事件为把点击购买的商品添加到购物车中：
过程是，首先从session中读取shoppingcart，如果为空，则一个购物车类（通过Shop类），然后在session中新建一个购物车的信息。
session.setAttribute("shoppingcart", cart);
否则的话，就从session中读取出shoppingcart的信息。保存在javabean：ShoppingCart new cart中。
然后接收request传递到服务器的信息，并验证信息的合法性。
//获得商品的基本信息 String id=request.getParameter("id"); String name=request.getParameter("name"); byte source [] = name.getBytes("iso8859-1"); name = new String (source,"UTF-8"); String quantity=request.getParameter("q"); String price = request.getParameter("price"); System.out.println(id+name+quantity+price); //检验要加入的商品信息 if(StringTool.validateNull(id)||StringTool.validateNull("name")||StringTool.validateNull("price")||StringTool.validateNull("quantity")){ printError(request,response); return; } id=StringTool.filterHtml(id); name=StringTool.filterHtml(name);
之后，执行cart的添加商品javebean：CartItem的addItem方法，把商品添加到cart中去。
try{ if(StringTool.validateNull(quantity)){ //根据传入的商品数据创建商品，然后利用addCartItem方法添加进购物车 cart.addItem(new CartItem(id,name,1,Double.parseDouble(price))); System.out.println(Double.parseDouble(price)); }else{ cart.addItem(new CartItem(id,name,Integer.parseInt(quantity),Double.parseDouble(price))); } }catch(NumberFormatException e){ printError(request,response); return; }
这里并没有更新session，我这样理解：cart是建立的一个指针，它们之间（cart、session）是浅复制，所以不必更新session。
跳转到展示购物车的页面。
response.sendRedirect("GetShoppingCart");
这里就是我说的自动添加/servlet那个问题之一，按理说，按照映射的话，应该是/servlet/×××，但是由于是在servlet中跳转的，所以会自动在跳转路径中添加/servlet。
可以自己试一下。
如果商品添加失败，在输出错误信息。
下面是完整代码：AddShoppingCart.java
package com.cjg.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import com.cjg.bean.CartItem; import com.cjg.bean.ShoppingCart; import com.cjg.tools.*; public class AddShoppingCart extends HttpServlet { /** * The doGet method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); doPost(request,response); } /** * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); response.setContentType("text/html;charset:utf-8"); HttpSession session = request.getSession();//获取session ShoppingCart cart=(ShoppingCart) session.getAttribute("shoppingcart"); //当购物车为空时 if(cart==null){ cart=new ShoppingCart(); session.setAttribute("shoppingcart", cart); } //获得商品的基本信息 String id=request.getParameter("id"); String name=request.getParameter("name"); byte source [] = name.getBytes("iso8859-1"); name = new String (source,"UTF-8"); String quantity=request.getParameter("q"); String price = request.getParameter("price"); System.out.println(id+name+quantity+price); //检验要加入的商品信息 if(StringTool.validateNull(id)||StringTool.validateNull("name")||StringTool.validateNull("price")||StringTool.validateNull("quantity")){ printError(request,response); return; } id=StringTool.filterHtml(id); name=StringTool.filterHtml(name); try{ if(StringTool.validateNull(quantity)){ //根据传入的商品数据创建商品，然后利用addCartItem方法添加进购物车 cart.addItem(new CartItem(id,name,1,Double.parseDouble(price))); System.out.println(Double.parseDouble(price)); }else{ cart.addItem(new CartItem(id,name,Integer.parseInt(quantity),Double.parseDouble(price))); } }catch(NumberFormatException e){ printError(request,response); return; } response.sendRedirect("GetShoppingCart"); //System.out.println("ssss"); } //商品添加失败的输出信息 private void printError(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException,IOException { response.setContentType("text/html;charset:utf-8"); PrintWriter out =response.getWriter(); out.println("<html>"); out.println("<head><title>购买商品失败</title></head>"); out.println("<body>"); out.println("<h1>缺少商品参数或者商品参数不正确，添加商品到购物车中不成功</h1><br><br>"); out.println("<a href="/onlineshoppingcart/showMerchandise.htm">继续浏览商品，添加商品到购物车</a><br>"); out.println("</body>"); out.println("</html>"); out.flush(); out.close(); } }
解决form表单提交乱码的问题：
byte source [] = name.getBytes("iso8859-1"); name = new String (source,"UTF-8");
先把提交的内容以iso编码格式存储，然后保存为utf-8格式。
然后是商品展示页：
用servlet小程序处理，显示购物车的全部商品：
首先取得session
HttpSession session =request.getSession();
然后判断是否有shoppingcart记录，如果没有，显示购物车为空，如果有，显示购物车中的全部物品，并且计算几个。
在ShoppingCart中，我们每中物品只保存一次，然后更新它存在的个数。显示的时候，可以根据商品个数分别显示，也可以同种商品显示在一起。
并且调用CartItem类的getSum方法计算出总价格。
package com.cjg.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.util.ArrayList; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import com.cjg.bean.CartItem; import com.cjg.bean.ShoppingCart; public class GetShoppingCartServlet extends HttpServlet { /** * The doGet method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); doPost(request, response); } /** * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); System.out.println(request.getContextPath()); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); //获取session HttpSession session =request.getSession(); //从session中取出购物车信息 ShoppingCart cart=(ShoppingCart)session.getAttribute("shoppingcart"); out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">"); out.println("<HTML>"); out.println(" <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>"); out.println(" <BODY>"); if(cart==null){ out.println("<h1>您的购物车为空<h1>"); out.println("<a href="ShopCart/showMerchandise.jsp ">去买几件</a> "); return; } out.println("<h1>您的购物车信息：<h1>"); out.println("<a href=${pageContext.request.contextPath()}+"/showMerchandise.jsp">再买点</a>"); printCartItem(out,cart); out.println(" </BODY>"); out.println("</HTML>"); out.flush(); out.close(); } /* * 显示购物车中的商品 */ private void printCartItem(PrintWriter out, ShoppingCart cart) { //创建一个购物车，用list接收全部上面的信息，然后循环输出出来。 ArrayList<CartItem> items=cart.getCart(); //定义一个商品对象,用于遍历的中转容器 CartItem item=null; //定义表格，输出表头 out.println("<table width="500" border="1" align="lefg" >" ); out.println("<tr>"); out.println("<td with="200">商品名称</td>"); out.println("<td with="100">价格</td>"); out.println("<td with="100">数量</td>"); out.println("<td with="100">合计</td>"); for(int i=0;i<items.size();i++){ out.println("<tr>"); item=items.get(i); out.println("<td>"+item.getName()+"</td>"); out.println("<td>"+item.getPrice()+"</td>"); out.println("<td>"+item.getQuantity()+"</td>"); out.println("<td>"+item.getSum()+"</td>"); out.println("</tr>"); } out.println("</tr>"); } }
定义的javabean
首先是商品类：
package com.cjg.bean; public class CartItem { private String name; private int quantity; private double price; private String id; private String desc; private double sum=0.0; public CartItem(String id,String name,int quantity,double price){ this.id=id; this.name=name; this.quantity=quantity; this.price=price; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getQuantity() { return quantity; } public void setQuantity(int quantity) { this.quantity = quantity; } public double getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(double price) { this.price = price; } public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } public String getDesc() { return desc; } public void setDesc(String desc) { this.desc = desc; } public double getSum(){ return this.quantity*this.price; } }
然后是购物车类：
package com.cjg.bean; import java.util.ArrayList; import javassist.bytecode.Descriptor.Iterator; public class ShoppingCart { private ArrayList<CartItem> cart; public ShoppingCart(){ cart =new ArrayList<CartItem>(); } public ArrayList<CartItem> getCart(){ return cart; } public void addItem(CartItem item){ CartItem olditem=null; if(item!=null){ for(int i=0;i<cart.size();i++){ olditem=cart.get(i); if(olditem.getId().equals(item.getId())){ olditem.setQuantity(olditem.getQuantity()+item.getQuantity()); return; } } } cart.add(item); } public boolean removeCartItem(String id){ CartItem item=null; for(int i=0;i<cart.size();i++){ item=cart.get(i); if(item.getId().equals(id)){ cart.remove(i); return true; } } return false; } public double getTotal(){ // Iterator <CartItem> it = cart.iterator(); // double sum=0.0; // CartItem item=null; // while(it.hasNext()){ // item=it.next(); // sum=sum+item.getPrice(); // } double sum=0.0; CartItem item=null; for(int i=0;i<cart.size();i++){ item=cart.get(i); sum=sum+item.getPrice(); } return sum; } }
前台展示页：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'shoMerchandise.jsp' starting page</title> </head> <body> <table width=424 " height="583" border="0" align="center"> <tr> <td width="190"><img alt="hpcomputer" src="images/hppavilion.jpg"></td> <td width="224"><img src="images/lenovo.jpg"> <td> </tr> <tr> <td>笔记本电脑</td> <td>移动硬盘 </tr> <tr> <td>价格：5999.99元</td> <td>价格：688.88</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="servlet/AddShoppingCart?id=0001&name=笔记本电脑&price=5999.00"><img src="images/buybutton.gif" width="71" height="21" border="0" /></a> </td> <td> <a href="servlet/AddShoppingCart?id=0002&name=移动硬盘&price=688.88"><img src="images/buybutton.gif" width="71" height="21" border="0"/></a> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
web.xml文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <servlet> <servlet-name>AddShoppingCart</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.cjg.servlet.AddShoppingCart</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet> <servlet-name>GetShoppingCart</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.cjg.servlet.GetShoppingCartServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>AddShoppingCart</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/AddShoppingCart</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>GetShoppingCart</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/GetShoppingCart</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>