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Node.js_express_浏览器存储技术 Cookie（服务器将少量数据交于浏览器存储管理）

浏览器存储技术 Cookie

服务器将少量数据交于浏览器存储管理

解决 http 无状态协议的问题（无法区分多次请求是否发送自同一客户端）

一个网页一般最多 20个的 cookie，每个 cookie 一般 4KB

第一次访问 url，服务器会创建一个 Cookie 给浏览器

浏览器会保存 Cookie，以后每次请求，都会携带所有 Cookie，一并发送给服务器

登录 Cookie

1. 浏览器发送请求给服务器，请求登录

app.get('/cookie1', (request, response)=>{
    response.cookie('userid', '123456', {masAge: 100*3600*24});
    response.send('cookie1 的 get 请求 的响应');
});

2. 服务器返回响应给浏览器，会创建并发送 Cookie（包含了当前用户的唯一标识）

3. 浏览器接受响应，会将 Cookie 保存下来

4. 浏览器下一次发送请求时，都会自动携带上 Cookie

npm install cookie-parser

const cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');
app.use(cookieParser());    // 应用中间件，解析 Cookie 的数据，挂载到 request.cookie 上
app.get('/cookie2', (request, response)=>{
    response.send(request.cookies);
});

5. 服务器接受到请求，解析 Cookie，从而判断是哪个用户发送的请求（解决 http 协议无状态问题）

6. 主动清除 Cookie

app.get('/cookie3', (request, response)=>{
    response.clearCookie('userid');
    response.send('key 为 userid 的 cookie 已经清除');
});

前端操作 Cookie
清除 Cookie
document.cookie = 'hello=123; expires=' + new Date(Data.now()-1000);
判断用户到底登录没？哪个用户登录的？

不能将用户的隐私直接暴露

数据加密或者数据库文档 id 装进 Cookie

res.cookie('userid', user.id, {maxAge: 1000*24*3600*7});

const cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');

indexRouter.use(cookieParser());    // 应用中间件，解析 Cookie 的数据，挂载到 request.cookie 上

indexRouter.get('/user_center',async (request, response)=>{
    const {userId} = request.cookies;
    if(userId){    // 用户已经登录
                const findRet = await userInfoModel.findOne({"_id":userId});
        if(findRet){
            let serverInfo = {uName:findRet.userName};
            response.render('user_center.ejs', {serverInfo});
        }else{    // 恶意 Cookie
                        response.clearCookie("userId");
            response.redirect('/login');
        };
    }else{    // 用户未登录
                response.redirect('/login');
    };
});

登录注册实例

package.json

{
  "name": "node_express",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "main": "index.js",
  "license": "MIT",
  "dependencies": {
    "connect-mongo": "^2.0.3",
    "cookie-parser": "^1.4.3",
    "ejs": "^2.6.1",
    "express": "^4.16.4",
    "mongoose": "^5.4.0",
    "sha1": "^1.1.1"
  }
}

public/register.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户注册</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="register">
            <h2>用户注册</h2>
            <form action="http://localhost:3000/register" method="post">
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>
                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" placeholder="请输入用户名" />
                </div>
        
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>
                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_repeat_pwd">确认密码</label>
                    <input id="input_repeat_pwd" type="password" name="user_repeat_pwd" placeholder="请再次输入密码" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_email">注册邮箱</label>
                    <input id="input_email" type="text" name="user_email" placeholder="请输入邮箱地址" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <button class="register btn" type="submit">注册</button>
                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/login">
                        <button type="button">登录</button>
                    </a>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

public/login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户登录</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="login">
            <h2>用户登录</h2>
            <form action="http://localhost:3000/login" method="post">
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>
                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" placeholder="请输入用户名" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>
                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/register">
                        <button type="button">注册</button>
                    </a>
                    <button class="login btn" type="submit">登录</button>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

public/user_center.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户中心</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="login">
            <h2>个人空间</h2>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

public/css/index.css

body {
     100%;
    height: 100%;
    
    color: #000;
    background: #b9c2a4;
    background-size: cover; /* 指定背景图片大小 */
}

/*************************************************/
#outer_box {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    color: #1a45c3;
}

#outer_box.login {
    color: #9e098b;
}

#outer_box.register {
    color: #1a45c3;
}

#outer_box>h2{
    padding-bottom: 40px;
    margin-left: -50px;
}

.clothes {
    position: relative;
     260px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    margin: 20px 0;
    font-size: 18px;
    line-height: 32px;
}

.tips {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: -100%;
    margin-left: -50%;
    margin-top: 2px;
     252px;
    height: 32px;
    text-align: center;
    color: #f00;
}

.clothes>label{
     80px;
    text-align: center;
}

.clothes>input{
     170px;
    height: 32px;
}

button {
     100%;
    height: 100%;
    
    font-size: 16px;
    background-color: #c4ceda;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.clothes .btn{
     64px;
    height: 32px;
    margin: 0 20px;
}

.clothes button.register{
    background-color: #1a45c3;
    color: #fff;
}

.clothes button.login{
    background-color: #9e098b;
    color: #fff;
}

#outer_box>h2 {
    position: relative;
}

#server_info {
    display: block;
     139px;
    height: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    
    color: red;
    font-size: 14px;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 20px;
    background-color: #cecece;
}

views/register.ejs

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户注册</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="register">
            <h2>用户注册</h2>
            <form action="http://localhost:3000/register" method="post">
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>
                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" value="<%= serverInfo.uName %>" placeholder="请输入用户名" />
                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.nameErr %></div>
                </div>
        
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>
                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />
                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.passwordErr %></div>
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_repeat_pwd">确认密码</label>
                    <input id="input_repeat_pwd" type="password" name="user_repeat_pwd" placeholder="请再次输入密码" />
                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.repeatErr %></div>
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_email">注册邮箱</label>
                    <input id="input_email" type="text" name="user_email" value="<%= serverInfo.uEmail %>" placeholder="请输入邮箱地址" />
                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.emailErr %></div>
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <button class="register btn" type="submit">注册</button>
                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/login">
                        <button type="button">登录</button>
                    </a>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

views/login.ejs

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户登录</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="login">
            <h2>
                用户登录
                <div id="server_info">
                    <%= serverInfo.tips %>
                </div>
            </h2>
            <form action="http://localhost:3000/login" method="post">
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>
                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" value="<%= serverInfo.uName %>" placeholder="请输入用户名" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>
                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/register">
                        <button type="button">注册</button>
                    </a>
                    <button class="login btn" type="submit">登录</button>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

views/user_center.ejs

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户中心</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="login">
            <h2><%= serverInfo.uName%> - 个人空间</h2>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

db/connectDB.js

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

module.exports = new Promise((resolve, reject)=>{
    mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/user_database', {useNewUrlParser:true})
    mongoose.connection.once('open', err=>{
        if(err){
            console.log(err);
            reject(err);
        }else{
            resolve('数据库已连接');
        };
    });
});

models/userModel.js

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

const Schema = mongoose.Schema;
const fieldSchema = new Schema({
    "userName": {
        "type": String,
        "unique": true,
        "required": true
    },
    "userPassword": {
        "type": String,
        "required": true
    },
    "userEmail": {
        "type": String,
        "unique": true,
        "required": true
    },
    "createTime": {
        "type": Date,
        "default": Date.now()
    }
});

module.exports = mongoose.model("user_info", fieldSchema);

routers/get/index_router.js

const express = require('express');

const promiseConnect = require('../../db/connectDB.js');
const userInfoModel = require('../../models/userModel.js');

const {resolve} = require('path');
const cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');

const indexRouter = new express.Router();
indexRouter.use(cookieParser());

/************************ get ***********************/
indexRouter.get('/', (request, response)=>{
    response.sendFile(resolve(__dirname, '../../public/login.html'));
});

indexRouter.get('/login', (request, response)=>{
    response.sendFile(resolve(__dirname, '../../public/login.html'));
});

indexRouter.get('/register', (request, response)=>{
    response.sendFile(resolve(__dirname, '../../public/register.html'));
});

promiseConnect.then(result=>{
    console.log("index_router.js - "+result);
    
    indexRouter.get('/user_center',async (request, response)=>{
        const {userId} = request.cookies;
     if(userId){    // 用户已经登录
                        const findRet = await userInfoModel.findOne({"_id":userId});
            if(findRet){
                let serverInfo = {uName:findRet.userName};
                response.render('user_center.ejs', {serverInfo});
            }else{    // 恶意 Cookie
                                response.clearCookie("userId");
                response.redirect('/login');
            };
        }else{    // 用户未登录
                         response.redirect('/login');
        };
    });
}).catch(err=>console.log(err));

module.exports = indexRouter;

routers/post/form_router.js

const express =  require('express');
const sha1 =  require('sha1');

const promiseConnect = require('../../db/connectDB.js');
const userInfoModel = require('../../models/userModel.js');

const formRouter = new express.Router();

/************************ post ***********************/
let logged = false ;
promiseConnect.then(result=>{
    console.log("form_router.js - "+result);
    
    formRouter.post('/register', async (request, response)=>{
        const {
            user_name:uName,
            user_pwd:uPwd,
            user_repeat_pwd:urePwd,
            user_email:uEmail,
        } = request.body;    /**** 解构赋值 ****/
        
        userInfo = {
            "userName": uName,
            "userPassword": uPwd,
            "userEmail": uEmail
        };
    
        let serverInfo = {uName, uEmail};
        
        if(urePwd !== uPwd){
            serverInfo.repeatErr = '密码两次输入不一致';
        };
        if(!(/^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]{5,20}$/.test(uName))){
            serverInfo.nameErr = '用户名不合法';
        };
        if(!(/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,20}$/.test(uPwd))){
            serverInfo.passwordErr = '密码不合法';
        };
        if(!(/^w+([-+.]w+)*@w+([-.]w+)*.w+([-.]w+)*$/.test(uEmail))){
            serverInfo.emailErr = '邮箱不合法';
        };
    
        const fond = await userInfoModel.findOne({"userName": uName});
        if(fond){
            serverInfo.nameErr = '用户名已被注册';
        };
        
        const badEmail = await userInfoModel.findOne({"userEmail": uEmail});
        if(badEmail){
            serverInfo.emailErr = '邮箱已被注册';
        };
        
        if(serverInfo.repeatErr || serverInfo.nameErr || serverInfo.passwordErr || serverInfo.emailErr){
            response.render('register.ejs', {serverInfo});    // 渲染错误信息
                        return;
        }else{
            userInfo.userPassword = sha1(userInfo.userPassword);
            await userInfoModel.create(userInfo);
            response.redirect('/login');    // 跳转到登录
        };
    });
    
    formRouter.post('/login',async (request, response)=>{
        logged = false;
        let uName = request.body['user_name'];
        let uPwd = request.body['user_pwd'];
        userInfo = {
            "userName": uName,
            "userPassword": uPwd
        };
        
        if(!(/^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]{5,20}$/.test(uName))){
            logged = false;
        }else if(!(/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,20}$/.test(uPwd))){
            logged = false;
        };
        try{
            const findName = await userInfoModel.findOne({"userName": uName});
            if(findName && (findName.userPassword===sha1(uPwd)) ){
                logged = true;
            };
            
            let serverInfo = {uName};
            if(logged){
                response.cookie('userId', findName.id, {maxAge: 1000*24*3600*7});
                response.redirect('/user_center');    // 跳转到用户 个人空间 页面
                        }else{
                serverInfo.tips='用户名或密码错误';
                response.render('login.ejs', {serverInfo});    // 渲染错误信息
            };
        }catch(err) {
            cosole.log(err);
        }
    });
}).catch(err=>console.log(err));

module.exports = formRouter;

index.js

const express =  require('express');
const app = express();

const indexRouter = require('./routers/get/index_router.js');
const formRouter = require('./routers/post/form_router.js');

app.set('views', 'views');    // 1. 配置模板路径
app.set('view engine', 'ejs');    // 2. 配置模板引擎

/*********************** 中间件 **********************/
// 暴露路由 login.html register.html
app.use(express.static('public'));    // 默认调用 next();

// 将 用户输入的数据 挂载到 请求体 request.body  上
app.use(express.urlencoded({extended: true}));    // 默认调用 next();

app.use(indexRouter);
app.use(formRouter);

/**************** 端口号 3000, 启动服务器 ***************/
app.listen(3000, err=>console.log(err?err:'

服务器已启动: http://localhost:3000
		Hunting Happy!'));

--------小尾巴 ________一个人欣赏-最后一朵颜色的消逝-忠诚于我的是·一颗叫做野的心.决不受人奴役.怒火中生的那一刻·终将结束...

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/tianxiaxuange/p/10167788.html

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