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  • CentOS系统python默认版本由python2改为python3

    一.了解

      CentOS中如果安装有yum,一般会有python2的某个版本。命令行键入python,出现的python2的环境:

    [root@instance-hrnebyqu src]# python
    Python 2.7.5 (default, Apr 11 2018, 07:36:10) 
    [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux2
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

      我们希望将python这个shell指令连接到python3的版本。这里首先装python3,然后将python连接到python3上。

      由于路径添加到了bash_profile文件中的PATH中了,因此环境变量不需要再改了。如果没有天津爱到哦环境变量则需要

      vim ~/.bash_profile

      把Python3的路径加上,然后重载bash_profile这个文件

      接着修改bashrc这个文件

    vim ~/.bashrc

      将python2和python3 的路径都写上,并将python指定为python3

    alias python2=/usr/bin/python
    alias python3=/usr/local/python3/bin/python3
    alias python=/usr/local/python3/bin/python3

      这样,命令行开python就是python3了。

    [root@instance-hrnebyqu src]# python
    Python 3.6.6 (default, Jul  4 2019, 12:00:29) 
    [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.  

      注意:

      在centos中,用于软件安装的yum指令是调用python昨晚命令解释器的,因此其默认版本为Python2,如果改成python3,会由于2和3的兼容性问题导致yum可能出现故障。因此需要特别注意。

      yum 的路径在

    /usr/bin/yum

      可以看一下yum文件

    #!/usr/bin/python
    import sys
    try:
        import yum
    except ImportError:
        print >> sys.stderr, """
    There was a problem importing one of the Python modules
    required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was:
    
       %s
    
    Please install a package which provides this module, or
    verify that the module is installed correctly.
    
    It's possible that the above module doesn't match the
    current version of Python, which is:
    %s
    
    If you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to 
    the yum faq at:
      http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq
      
    """ % (sys.exc_value, sys.version)
        sys.exit(1)
    
    sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/share/yum-cli')
    try:
        import yummain
        yummain.user_main(sys.argv[1:], exit_code=True)
    except KeyboardInterrupt, e:

      可以看到,开头默认了解释器为/usr/bin/python。如果yum因为修改了python解释器出现bug,可以将这个改成/usr/bin/python2.x即可。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tjp40922/p/11351501.html
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