Django之url

url配置：

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^articles/2003/$', views.special_case_2003),
url(r'^articles/([0-9]{4})/$', views.year_archive),
url(r'^articles/([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{2})/$', views.month_archive),
url(r'^articles/([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{2})/([0-9]+)/$', views.article_detail),
]

上面最后一个url将调用views.article_detail(request, '2003', '03', '03')，函数参数按顺序来，如果想对参数命名可以采用下面的方式：

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^articles/2003/$', views.special_case_2003),
url(r'^articles/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/$', views.year_archive),
url(r'^articles/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/(?P<month>[0-9]{2})/$', views.month_archive),
url(r'^articles/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/(?P<month>[0-9]{2})/(?P<day>[0-9]{2})/$', views.article_detail),
]

这个时候会调用views.article_detail(request, year='2003', month='03', day='03')，更加明晰且不容易产生参数顺序问题的错误

# URL 的反向解析，在需要URL 的地方，对于不同层级，Django 提供不同的工具用于URL 反查：
from django.conf.urls import url
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^articles/([0-9]{4})/$', views.year_archive, name='news-year-archive'),
]
#1.在模板中使用url模板标签。例：<a href="{% url 'news-year-archive' 2012 %}">2012 Archive</a>
#2.在Python 代码中：使用django.core.urlresolvers.reverse() 函数。
在Python 代码中，这样使用：
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
def redirect_to_year(request):
    ...
    year = ***
    return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('news-year-archive', args=(year,)))
#3.在处理Django 模型实例相关的代码中：使用get_absolute_url() 方法。

class ModelName(models.Model):
    ...
    def get_absolute_url(self):
        from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
        return reverse('people.views.details', args=[str(self.id)])
# 在模板中这样使用，相对于给模型中的每个实例绑定了一个url属性：
<a href="{{ object.get_absolute_url }}">{{ object.name }}</a>
# urls中的参数
#直接第一个匹配的传递给nid，第二个匹配的传递给uid，这样和views里的函数形参位置没有关系了。
urls.py：url(r'^detail-(?P<nid>d+)-(?P<uid>d+).html/', views.detail),
views.py：def detail(request, nid, uid):
#访问网址：127.0.0.1/detail-key1-9.html
#分组时，个数不确定*args，**kwargs也能使用
url(r'^detail-(keyd+)-(d+).html/', views.detail), ——> def detail(request, *args):
url(r'^detail-(?P<nid>d+)-(?P<uid>d+).html/', views.detail), ——> def detail(request, **kwargs):