zoukankan html css js c++ java

Globalization Guide for Oracle Applications Release 12

Section 1. Overview

Audience

This document, the Oracle Applications Globalization Guide, provides key information for using Oracle Applications in global organizations. Much of the information is also applicable to smaller organizations that may be located in a single country but trade globally. This guide follows a task-based approach for presenting information, and different chapters (marked with an X in the table below) will be of interest for particular users.

Section	System Administrators	End Users	Application Developers	Translators
Overview	X	X	X	X
Installing	X
Configuring	X
Maintaining	X
Using		X
Customizing			X
Translating				X
Troubleshooting	X

This guide provides an overview of internationalization concepts and associated operations in an Oracle Applications system. Several appendices serve as reference guides for a number of specific internationalization topics. These are intended for consultation on an as-needed basis, depending on the specific requirements of an installation.

Terminology

This section explains some terminology related to international language support in Oracle Applications.

National Language Support (NLS)

In Oracle Applications, National Language Support (NLS) refers to the ability to run an Applications instance in any single supported language, including specific regional or territorial number and date formats. Typically, in order to support a given language, only the customer-facing components of the Applications software (user interface, lookup tables, online documentation, and so on) are translated. Translations are delivered via NLS patches.

Multiple Language Support (MLS)

In Oracle Applications, Multiple Language Support (MLS) refers to the ability to run multiple languages in the same Applications instance. MLS provides multiple language architecture, while NLS provides the individual language translations.

NLS_LANG

Many Oracle products use the NLS_LANG environment variable to specify locale behavior. NLS_LANG has three components, concatenated as LANGUAGE_TERRITORY.CHARSET; for example,

NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1.

The NLS_LANG character set should be set to match the character set of the database.

Base Language and Installed Languages

An Applications instance has one base language, and may have one or more installed languages. An instance will always have at least American English. All products, whether MLS-enabled or not, can store data in the base language. MLS-enabled products or components can store data in the base language as well as any installed languages. Most products in Applications Release 12 are MLS-enabled.

Unicode

UTF8 and AL32UTF8 are encodings of the Unicode character set and include all the characters in all modern languages. UTF8 and AL32UTF8 allow Oracle Applications to be run from one database instance using any combination of supported languages. The advantage of AL32UTF8 over UTF8 is in the handling of supplementary characters, which are increasingly used in certain languages. AL32UTF8 is the current default database character set for Oracle databases.

Locale

A locale is a collection of information relating to the linguistic and cultural preferences for a particular region. In an Oracle database, a locale consists of language, territory, and character set. An Oracle locale is associated with certain formatting behavior, and provides defaults for the user profile options in Oracle Applications.

Localizations

Localizations provide additional business functionality that is required for certain countries. This is distinct from translations, which are the text data for a language used in Applications products: in contrast, a localization results in an application functioning differently.

In the OA Personalization Framework, localizations exist at the Localization level of personalization, and can be overridden by more specific functionality at the Site, Organization, Responsibility, User, or Portlet personalization levels. For more information, see the Oracle Application Framework Personalization Guide

Country specific functionality is included in the base code called globalizations, and is licensed using the Rapid Install Wizard or the License Manager in Oracle Applications Manager. For details on installing country-specific functionality and languages using the Rapid Install Wizard, see the Oracle Applications Installation guide. For more information on License Manager, see Maintaining Oracle Applications. Once installed and licensed, localizations can be turned on and off for testing purposes using Help > Diagnostics > Custom Code.

Personalizations

Personalizations are settings that affect applications behavior, and have a built-in precedence of levels. For instance, the labels appearing in a OAF-based web page can be modified or hidden for a given level, such as Site level or Responsibility level. See the Oracle Application Framework Personalization Guide for more details on personalizations.

Date Formatting

Dates can be entered in any valid format, such as 12-31-07 (US standard), 31-12-07 (British standard), or 2007-12-31 (ISO standard). The setting is controlled by the Date Format Mask profile option.

Number Formatting

Country-specific conventions determine how a number is entered and displayed. For example, the number "one million" is usually represented as 1,000,000.00 in the United States and United Kingdom, with the period (.) being used as the decimal separator, and the comma (,) being used as the grouping separator between thousands. In contrast, many European countries use the comma as the decimal separator and the period as the grouping separator, so "one million" may be represented as 1.000.000,00. The characters used for the decimal separator and grouping separator to be changed to suit user preference when numbers are entered or displayed.

NLS Patches

NLS patches are special patches that provide language translations including user interface labels, menus, and some Oracle seeded setup data.

Translation Synchronization Patch

The Translation Synchronization patch (TSP) feature allows you to synchronize your existing translations with the American English file versions or to install new languages on your Applications instance. By applying just one patch for each language, you will be able to bring your translations up to your Applications patch level. You can also choose to get the latest translations to bring your translations up-to-date.

Lightweight MLS

The lightweight MLS feature, introduced in Oracle E-Business Suite 12.1.3, allows you to use a language without applying its corresponding NLS patches. This type of language enabling option is referred as lightweight mode. In contrast, full translation mode refers to the traditional language enabling option that requires NLS patches to be applied for all languages in use. In lightweight mode, the user Interface (UI) will be in English, but you can still translate the relevant seed data, reports, and Forms/Oracle framework pages. You can later switch to full translation mode by applying the language NLS patches.

Lightweight-only Language

A language which can be enabled in lightweight mode only. A lightweight-only language cannot be switched to full translation mode because Oracle does not provide NLS patches, including Translation Synchronization patches, for such languages.

Section 2. Installing

This section is intended for use as a supplement to the standard Oracle Applications documentation: it does not replace the Oracle Applications Installation Guide, or Upgrade manuals, or the NLS Release Notes. The intended audience is an administrator installing an Applications instance.

Oracle Applications Internationalization Architecture

Tiers and character sets

An Oracle Applications system consists of three tiers: the database tier, application (middle) tier, and client (desktop) tier. The most important language-related feature on the database tier is the choice of database character set. AL32UTF8 is the recommended character set for instances providing multi-language support, as it can accommodate all the characters from the installed languages. However, for an installation that needs to support a single language (besides English), a specific character set could be chosen to accommodate that language and no others. For example, in the case of an organization operating only in Western Europe, the WE8IS08859P15 character set could be selected to support Western European languages specifically. This helps to optimize database performance, at the expense of flexibility. It would not, for example, be possible to later support Eastern European languages with this character set, if the organization opened a branch in Eastern Europe.

The Applications components on the application tier utilize two language-related settings: the user profile and the NLS_LANG environment variable. The user profile stores user preferences such as session language, date format, and number format. It is stored in the database, but users can configure it from a browser using the Preferences page.

Users set their preferred language in the web browser (the client tier), set their time zone, and verify that they have any required fonts and OS locales installed.

The settings of the Applications user profile and the NLS_LANG environment variable play a significant part in mediating communication between the database tier and application tier, and between the application tier and client tier. For communication between the database tier and the application tier, the setting of NLS_LANG indicates the character set to be used on the application tier.

Note: Use the same character set on both the database tier and application tier, to avoid the risk of losing characters on conversion.

NLS_LANG and user profile are also used in communication between the application tier and the client tier. For example, OC4J generates HTML output based on the language setting in the user profile. With the Forms client, the character set is determined by the value of NLS_LANG, but the language is determined by the user profile.

For more information on setting the NLS_LANG correctly in Unix environments, see 264157.1

Planning the implementation

Prior to installation, decide on your database character set. Create your database with a character set that supports all of the languages that you are installing or may install in the future. To minimize restrictions on the language combinations you can use, choose UTF8 or AL32UTF8. The Oracle Applications Installation Guide describes this in more detail. For a list of the supported non-Unicode character sets for each language, see the section on languages and character sets in this guide.

You can use this SQL command to check the database character set:

select value from nls_database_parameters where parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

Usage Requirement Analysis

The starting point for deciding on a suitable NLS and MLS specification is the organization's requirements for languages. The languages needed are determined by two factors: languages of the organization's end users, and legislation where the organization conducts its business.

Examples of the first consideration include:

A company operating in one country. For example, if a company located in Japan only uses the Japanese language, then only Japanese language support needs to be installed. American English is always installed by default, so the above system would have both American English and Japanese.
A global company operating in one language. For example, multi-lingual support is not required for a U.S. company that has Chinese branches, but uses English in all those branches.
A global company operating in multiple languages. For example, a company with an instance in its headquarters which hosts the service for its worldwide subsidiaries would need to install languages to meet the requirements of its subsidiaries.

An example of the second consideration would be:

A company submitting documents in a language stipulated by the government or trading partners. For example, the South Korean Government requires all financial reports to be submitted to it in Korean. Korean language support is mandatory in Oracle Applications installations for companies that conduct business in Korea, even if the application users are based in the US and speak only English.

Organizational requirements should be collected with both of these aspects in mind. Once this information is available, the appropriate languages and character sets can be chosen for the Applications system. Due to business changes such as mergers or entry in new markets, language requirements may change in the future.

System Requirements Analysis

Consult the Oracle Applications NLS Release Notes to ensure that the system has enough resources for enabling NLS and MLS; pay particular attention to disk space, memory, and database size.

Also look for information on the space needed per language, to accommodate:

Forms files
Forms executables
Report files
Seed data and related files
NLS software temporary staging area
Minor increase in database size per language at installation time

Language and Character set Requirements Analysis

In Oracle Applications, choosing a language means choosing a set of translated resources. Choice of character set is the most important factor for configuring NLS and MLS with Oracle Applications. The character set must support the all the characters of the languages that are to be installed. In addition, platform-specific characters or user-defined characters (UDC) may need to be supported. The character set should be determined based on these requirements, and then specified for the database as well as each HTTP server and APPL_TOP.

Database Tier - Oracle Database Character Set

The database character set is chosen during initial installation of Oracle Applications. A default character set is suggested by Rapid Install, based on the languages selected. This default character set will support the system"specified language requirements. While the database character set can subsequently be changed to another character set that supports the language requirements, it is always desirable to choose the correct one at install time, as it is very time-consuming to alter it later. Thus, the database character set should be chosen after careful consideration of an organization's long-term needs.

Adding languages after the implementation is complete may require a change in character set, unless UTF8 or AL32UTF8 was chosen. For this reason, AL32UTF8 is a good choice when planning for expansion. For maximum flexibility in meeting future requirements, Oracle recommends employing the AL32UTF8 character set, as this makes it easy to add other languages in the future. However, AL32UTF8 or UTF8 is not recommended for the Thai language, since it uses three bytes per Thai character and thus reduces the number of Thai characters that can be stored to one third.

The available character sets are described in the Oracle National Language Support Guide and Oracle Globalization Support Guide. The following table lists the supported languages grouped into language categories, with the supporting database character sets (also known as code pages) that can be used with these languages. The non-Unicode character set suitable for a language depends on the language category, whether Euro currency symbol support is needed, and other customer requirements. Remember that a Unicode character set, such as AL32UTF8, is also supported for any of the languages listed.

Languages in the same language category can be supported in a single instance using either Unicode (UTF8 or AL32UTF8) or the character set listed with the category. Languages from different language categories in a single instance can only be supported using Unicode. For example, since German is in the Western European language category and Polish is in the Eastern European category, only Unicode can support both German and Polish. However, English data is supported in any language category, because English characters are included in all of the other character sets.

This table also indicates if the language is translated in Forms (F), Reports (R), and UIX (U).

Oracle Database Language Codes, Translated Technologies, and Character Sets

Language	Language Code	Translated Technologies	Language Category	Non-Unicode Character Set
American English	US	F,R,U	Western European	WE8MSWIN1252 - MS Windows Code Page WE8ISO8859P15 - ISO Western European WE8ISO8859P1 - ISO Western European*
Brazilian Portuguese	PTB	F,R,U
Canadian French	FRC	F,R,U
Danish	DK	F,R,U
Dutch	NL	F,R,U
Finnish	SF	F,R,U
European French	F	F,R,U
German	D	F,R,U
Indonesian	IN	F,R,U
Italian	I	F,R,U
Latin American Spanish	ESA	F,R,U
Norwegian	N	F,R,U
European Portuguese	PT	F,R,U
Spanish	E	F,R,U
Swedish	S	F,R,U
Albanian	SQ	F,R,U	Eastern European	EE8MSWIN1250 - MS Windows Code Page EE8ISO8859P2 - ISO East European*
Croatian	HR	F,R,U
Czech	CS	F,R,U
Hungarian	HU	F,R,U
Latin Serbian	LSR	F,R,U
Polish	PL	F,R,U
Romanian	RO	F,R,U
Slovak	SK	F,R,U
Slovenian	SL	F,R,U
Lithuanian	LI	F,R,U	Baltic	BLTMSWIN1257 - MS Windows Code Page
Arabic	AR	F,R,U	Arabic	AR8MSWIN1256 - MS Windows Code Page AR8ISO8859P6 - ISO Character set*
Cyrillic Kazakh	CKK	F,R,U	Unicode	AL32UTF8 - Unicode
Greek	EL	F,R,U	Greek	EL8MSWIN1253 - MS Windows Code Page EL8ISO8859P7 - ISO Character Set*
Hebrew	IW	F,R,U	Hebrew	IW8MSWIN1255 - MS Windows Code Page IW8ISO8859P8 - ISO Character Set - not currently supported
Japanese	JA	F,R,U	Japanese	JA16SJIS - Japan Industrial Standard JA16SJISTILDE - Japan Industrial Standard JA16EUC - Extended UNIX Code JA16EUCTILDE - Extended UNIX Code
Korean	KO	F,R,U	Korean	KO16MSWIN949 - MS Windows Code Page
Cyrillic Serbian	CSR	F,R,U	Cyrillic	CL8MSWIN1251 - MS Windows Code Page CL8ISO8859P5 - ISO Character Set*
Russian	RU	F,R,U
Ukrainian	UK	F,R,U
Simplified Chinese	ZHS	F,R,U	Simplified Chinese	ZHS16GBK - Guo Biao Kuozhan
Thai	TH	F,R,U	Thai	TH8TISASCII - Thai Industrial 620-2533 - ASCII 8-bit
Traditional Chinese	ZHT	F,R,U	Traditional Chinese	ZHT16MSWIN950 - MS Windows Code Page - meets the requirements for Taiwan, but not Hong Kong. ZHT16HKSCS - Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set - meets the requirements for Hong Kong, but not Taiwan.
Turkish	TR	F,R,U	Turkish	TR8MSWIN1254 - MS Windows Code Page WE8ISO8859P9 - ISO Character Set*
Vietnamese	VN	F,R,U	Vietnamese	TR8MSWIN1258 - MS Windows Code Page

Notes on Table

The asterisk (*) marks character sets that do not support the Euro symbol.
Oracle strongly recommends customers to choose AL32UTF8 if supporting Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set (HKSCS) is a requirement.
The Vision Demo database is set up with a database character set of UTF8 and a base language of American English.
The character sets ZHT16HKSCS31 and ZHT32EUC are not supported.
For more information see the Oracle Applications Release 12.2, 12.1 & Release 12.0 Translation Scope and Availability (405992.1)

Note: Although AL32UTF8 is supported as a database character set, Unicode supplementary characters are not currently supported in Oracle Applications. Supplementary characters are Unicode characters with code point values greater than U+FFFF.

Lightweight-only languages

Lightweight-only languages are languages that can be enabled in lightweight mode only. Oracle do not provide NLS patches including Translation Synchronization patches (see MOS 252422.1 for details) for such languages. Therefore, unlike regular supported languages listed above, which customers can enable in full translation mode or start from lightweight mode then move to full translation mode through applying the NLS patches, the Lightweight-only languages listed below cannot move to full translation mode because there is no NLS patch available.

Language	Language Code	Language Category	Non-Unicode Character Set
Bulgarian	BG	Cyrillic	TR8MSWIN1251 - MS Windows Code Page CL8ISO8859P5 - ISO Character Set*
Catalan	CA	Western European	WE8MSWIN1252 - MS Windows Code Page WE8ISO8859P15 - ISO Western European WE8ISO8859P1 - ISO Western European*

Notes on Table

The asterisk (*) marks character sets that do not support the Euro symbol.

Application Tier (Middle Tier) - APPL_TOP Character Set and ICX_CLIENT_IANA_ENCODING

The application tier is the location of a number of Oracle Applications server processes, including the Forms server and Web server, which communicate with each other and with Applications software on the other tiers. The application tier character set should be identical to the database character set... The application tier character set is specified during installation in Rapid Install, and is called the APPL_TOP character set.

The Web server, on the application tier, must use a character set that is supported by the browser, on the client tier. The application tier character set must support all the characters that the client tier languages employ. In other words, APPL_TOP character set must be identical to the database character set.

Client Tier (Desktop Tier) - FND_NATIVE_CLIENT_ENCODING

The client (desktop) character set, used for file downloads, is set during the post-installation steps in the FND_NATIVE_CLIENT_ENCODING profile option using the Oracle character set naming convention. This character set should be compatible with the OS character set of the user"s desktop machine. The administrator sets a site level default and the end user can override it in the user profile.

Note: Whether you are planning a fresh NLS install or upgrading from an older release of Applications, you must follow the instructions in the NLS Release Notes for Release 12.

Database Sort Order

Oracle Applications Release before 12.2.2 supports only binary database sort order.

End users can see linguistically sorted result sets in the online UI (OA Framework, Forms). Batch programs or Oracle reports run via concurrent program will use a binary sort.
ICX: NLS Sort profile is used to control the user preferred sort language. This profile can be set at the user and site level by administrator.
The profile has a LOV which shows sufficient sort languages especially for case-insensitive or accent-insensitive sort filtered by by installed languages in the E-Business Suite instance.
NLS_SORT database session variable is set based on this profile option, and Linguistic sort is done at the database tier (SQL query results) only.
All SQL comparison (e.g. where clause “=”, “like”, etc) is performed as binary.
No linguistic index is necessary for linguistic sort support, but it is possible that there may be very rare cases where linguistic indexes would help – this will have to be determined on a case by case basis.
In case of linguistic sort, in-memory linguistic sort will be done instead of the in-memory binary sort, which may have some minor performance impact.

Multilingual Table Structure

Multilingual support (MLS) in Oracle applications uses a base table, containing non-translatable content, and a translations table, containing translatable content for the base language and installed languages. This section explains how an MLS table is designed, how the MLS data is created, and how the data is maintained in the database.

Translatable Applications tables are organized into pairs: a base table, whose name ends with "_B"; and a translation table, whose name ends with "_TL". For every row in the base table, there is one row in the translation table for each language, including the base language.

A _TL table always has a LANGUAGE column, a SOURCE_LANG column, and one or more translatable columns.

Column	Comment
	The same key fields exist in the base and TL tables.
LANGUAGE	Indicates the language label associated with the row
SOURCE_LANG	Indicates the actual language of the contents of the row
	Hold the translatable data
	Who columns exist in all tables.

How MLS tables are populated

After running Rapid Install, MLS (_TL) tables have rows for US (American English) only.

select * from FND_MENUS_TL where MENU_ID=1011274

Returns one row:

LANGUAGE=US, Description="Payables and Receivable Transactions", SOURCE_LANG=US

After running Maintain multi-lingual tables in ADADMIN, the same select returns one row per language, for instance

LANGUAGE=US, Description="Payables and Receivable Transactions", SOURCE_LANG=US

LANGUAGE=JA, Description="Payables and Receivable Transactions", SOURCE_LANG=US

LANGUAGE=AR, Description="Payables and Receivable Transactions", SOURCE_LANG=US

ADADMIN created a copy of the source row for each target language. The source language in each row is American English (US), the data is American English, and the LANGUAGE column contains the target language code. The actual translation for each language can now be installed and will overwrite the appropriate target language row. Oracle seeded translations are installed by applying NLS patches.

Files containing translated data reside in subdirectories named after the language code. For example, $AP_TOP/reports/NL, $GL_TOP/forms/F. Tables containing translatable data have a related translation table (_TL table). For tables containing translatable data, a _VL view allows the data to be selected based on the session language.

Section 3. Configuring

This section discusses setting administrative suite wide configurations after the initial installation or Oracle Applications is complete.

Preferences

In Oracle Applications, various locale parameters influence the characteristics of the user session, such as the data display format and behavior. Administrators should review the NLS related profile option values and override them at the Site level if necessary. The administrator can access these values in either of these two paths

Functional Administrator responsibility: Core Services > Profiles web page
System Administrator responsibility: Profile > System Form

Some of these profile options can be overridden by the user at the session level, by setting them in the Preferences page.

These parameters are stored as profile options, as follows:

Profile Option Name	Specifies	Available in Preferences page?	Comment
ICX: Client IANA Encoding	IANA character encoding used with displays for HTML-based Applications products		For a general description of IANA encoding, visit the IANA web site.
ICX: Date format mask	Date format	X
ICX: Date language	Date language		Not recommended for use in Release 12. Exists for backwards compatibility.
ICX: Language	Language preference for certain components such as Workflow	X
ICX: NLS Sort	Type of sort for character data		Sorting other than binary is not supported in Release 12.
ICX: Numeric characters	Decimal separator and grouping separator for number presentation. The characters are specified in the following format:	X	Commonly "10,000.00" for the US and Asia Commonly "10.000,00" for parts of Europe.
ICX: Preferred Currency	ISO Currency code	X
ICX: Territory	Territory setting, which determines cultural conventions such as local time, date, numeric, and monetary conventions	X
Server Timezone	Time zone on the database server.		This setting is available to administrators only. Time zones in Oracle Applications are handled by the database tier.
Client Timezone	Time zone on the client machine.	X	Time zones in Oracle Applications are handled by the database tier.
FND: Native Client Encoding	Native character encoding on the desktop client	X	This value is mainly used for file upload and download

Note: To disable user overrides of user profile options, the administrator can personalize the General Preferences page and set the Read Only property to true. To hide a profile option from the General Preferences page, the administrator can set the Rendered property to false.

Profile options and NLS parameters

Changing profile options has an effect on NLS parameters. The relationship between these can be summarized as follows:

NLS Parameter	User Profile Option Name	General Preference Name
NLS_LANGUAGE, NLS_LANG	ICX: Language	Language
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE	ICX: Date Language (this setting is determined by the session language)	N/A
NLS_DATE_FORMAT	ICX: Date Format Mask	Date Format
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS	ICX: Numeric Characters	Number Format
NLS_TERRITORY	ICX: Territory	Territory
NLS_SORT	ICX: NLS Sort	N/A
N/A	ICX: Preferred Currency	Currency
N/A	Client Timezone	Timezone
N/A	FND: Native Client Encoding	Client Character Encoding

Modifying any of these fields will update the corresponding profile option. The updated profile option will be retrieved when the user next logs in to Applications, altering the user's session by setting the appropriate NLS variable with a call to dbms_session.set_nls().

Configuring Oracle Portal

For HTML-based Applications, web pages must be encoded in a character set that supports the languages in use. Oracle Portal uses the Apache modplsql module. The page encoding of the modplsql web interface is determined by the character set of NLS_LANG, as specified in the wdbsvr.app configuration file. If NLS_LANG is not set in the wdbsvr.app file, then the character set of the NLS_LANG parameter of the Apache server is used. Normally, this character set should be the same as the database character set.

The encoding of the pages generated by non-Portal applications is determined by the profile option 'ICX: IANA Client Encoding'. In order for all Applications modules (Portal and non-Portal) to function in the same way, the value for 'ICX: IANA Client Encoding' should be set to an IANA character set name that is mapped to the database NLS_LANG character set name.

'ICX: IANA Client Encoding' can be set up only at site level. Since a single encoding is shared by all Applications users, the value used should be a character set that supports all languages in use. For example, when 'ICX: IANA Client Encoding' is set to euc-jp, Applications can support Japanese characters. The page encoding will be euc-jp, and all the characters being input and output in the page will be encoded in euc-jp. To support Japanese characters input from a web page and inserted into a JA16EUC database, the 'ICX: IANA Client Encoding' and the page encoding on the client side would both be set to euc-jp.

Configuring UNIX for Concurrent Programs

In some cases, NLS setup for UNIX is not fully completed. This may be seen when printing reports through concurrent managers, where accented characters do not appear correctly. The reason for this problem is that UNIX by default uses a 7-bit character set, which is adequate to support all characters in the English language. If some non-English data, however, UNIX must be configured to accept and display 8-bit characters.

In most UNIX systems, add the following line to the shell script used to set up the user's environment, typically .profile, .csrsh or .login.

stty -istrip cs8

This command alters the UNIX session to allow 8-bit characters to be entered and displayed. The new capability will apply to future sessions only, unless the modified shell script is run in the current session.

These changes will need to be made to at least the applmgr account, and, if a remote printer is in use, to the root account. It is advisable to update all existing user accounts in this way. If the concurrent managers are running while these changes are being made, they must be stopped and restarted for them to pick up the new setting.

The change can be tested by examining a new output file (.out) with a program such as "vi" or "more", to check that accented or other 8-bit characters display properly. If they do, but a printout of the report does not show them, this will usually indicate a printer setup issue. Refer to the printer documentation to determine how to make it work with 8-bit characters.

Configuring Oracle Portal

As of R12.1.1 SOA Gateway (SOA Provider and Web Service Provider) will support English only. This means that the responsibility name and security data group name must be in English when passing them to the SOA Gateway Header, regardless of the users default language used to set the session language. If the SOA Gateway header information, responsibility name and security data group, are retrieved at runtime, the user used to retrieve this data must have English set as the default language.

Section 4. Maintaining

This section contains information for the administrator maintaining global applications after they have been installed and configured. For general information on maintaining Oracle Applications, see Oracle Applications Maintenance Procedures (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)

To check the Oracle Applications base and installed languages, see the Language LOVs on the user preference page, use the License Manager, or run the following SQL command

select NLS_LANGUAGE from FND_LANGUAGES where INSTALLED_FLAG in ('B','I');

The language with an INSTALLED_FLAG of 'B' is the base language. Languages with INSTALLED_FLAG of ''I'' are installed languages. An installation has one base language, and can have zero or more installed languages. American English should always be either a base or an installed language. If you are running in a single-language environment with a language other than American English, this language will appear as an installed, but dormant, language. This is required for later upgrades, because upgrades are always performed in American English.

Note: You cannot disable or deactivate a language once it is installed.

Adding Languages and Performing Character Set Conversion

Adding support for another language involves carrying out the following tasks to make the relevant tables MLS enabled. For more information see the Oracle Applications NLS Release Notes (Note 405294.1).

The language needs to be added using the AD Administration utility
Multi-lingual tables must be synchronized using the "Maintain Multi-lingual tables" menu in the AD Administration utility

This process copies the _TL records from US (American English) to the corresponding records of the installed language. A record is created with SOURCE_LANG = 'US' for each language that does not already have a record in the _TL table. All records are updated where SOURCE_LANG is different from LANGUAGE, defaulting the translatable fields to the value found under the SOURCE_LANG.

Character Set Conversion

Supporting languages from different language groups requires a Unicode character set. This involves running the Scanner Utility and altering the database character set to AL32UTF8. The following documents describe the steps involved in adding languages and performing character set conversion:

Availability and versioning of the Character Set Scanner (179843.1)
Appendix A: Migrating to Unicode

The File Character Set Converter (adncnv) utility is used to convert the character set of a file.

Maintenance Utilities

Some useful utilities and parts of Oracle Applications Manager documented in Oracle E-Business Suite Maintenance Utilities (for Release 12.1.3 and earlier; available at Oracle Applications Documentation) or in Oracle E-Business Suite Maintenance Guide (for Release 12.2)

AD Administration (adadmin) Performs maintenance tasks for Oracle Applications.
AD Configuration (adutconf.sql) Reports standard information about the installed configuration of Oracle Applications.
AD Controller (adctrl) Manages parallel workers in AD Administration and AutoPatch.
AD File Identification (adident) Reports the version and translation level of an Oracle Applications file.
AD File Character Set Converter (adncnv) Converts a file from one character set to another.
AutoPatch (adpatch) Applies patches and other system updates.
Rapid Install (rapidwiz) Provides a wizard for entering parameters that are specific to a new installation or an upgrade of an Oracle Applications system.
AutoConfig: Use to view current context files, edit parameters contained in the context files, view previous context files, and compare current context files against previous ones.
License Manager: Registers additional Oracle Applications products, country-specific functionalities, or languages. You can also use License Manager to change the base language for your system.
Patch Wizard: Determines patches that have not been applied, but that should be applied to keep the system current. Downloads and merges patches from OracleMetalink.
Applied Patches: Uses key patch information in the patch history database. You can search the database to create reports in several formats.
Registered Flagged Files: Used to record any files in which you have made customizations.
Software Updates: Provides an overview of all patching-related information for your system.

Related Guides

For Release 12.1.3 and earlier:

Oracle E-Business Suite Patching Procedures (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Oracle E-Business Suite Maintenance Utilities (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Oracle E-Business Maintenance Procedures (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)

For Release 12.2:

Oracle E-Business Suite Setup Guide
Oracle E-Business Suite Maintenance Guide

Some useful utilities and parts of Oracle Applications Manager documented in Oracle Applications Maintenance Utilities (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)

AD Administration (adadmin) Performs maintenance tasks for Oracle Applications.
AD Configuration (adutconf.sql) Reports standard information about the installed configuration of Oracle Applications.
AD Controller (adctrl) Manages parallel workers in AD Administration and AutoPatch.
AD File Identification (adident) Reports the version and translation level of an Oracle Applications file.
AD File Character Set Converter (adncnv) Converts a file from one character set to another.
AutoPatch (adpatch) Applies patches and other system updates, for releases 11i - 12.1. For Release 12.2, use adop instead of adpatch.
Rapid Install (rapidwiz) Provides a wizard for entering parameters that are specific to a new installation or an upgrade of an Oracle Applications system.
AutoConfig: Use to view current context files, edit parameters contained in the context files, view previous context files, and compare current context files against previous ones.
License Manager: Registers additional Oracle Applications products, country-specific functionalities, or languages. You can also use License Manager to change the base language for your system.
Patch Wizard: Determines patches that have not been applied, but that should be applied to keep the system current. Downloads and merges patches from OracleMetalink.
Applied Patches: Uses key patch information in the patch history database. You can search the database to create reports in several formats.
Registered Flagged Files: Used to record any files in which you have made customizations.
Software Updates: Provides an overview of all patching-related information for your system.

Related Guides

Oracle Applications Patching Procedures (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Oracle Applications Maintenance Utilities (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Oracle Applications Maintenance Procedures (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)

Section 5. Using Oracle Applications

This section discusses the global aspects of Oracle Applications that relate to the end user experience.

Browser preferences

The browser language preference is used to determine the default session language. For instructions on setting the browser language preference, see the browser documentation. This can be overridden at login time by selecting a different language on the login page.

User names and Passwords

Oracle E-Business Suite supports ASCII characters only for user names and passwords.

Operating System Locale

The language in some Windows dialogs is determined by the user locale in the Windows Regional Options control panel. It is recommended to set the Windows Regional Option to the desired language for Oracle Applications. The user locale setting also has an effect on numeric glyph display for some languages, such as Arabic, that use alternate digit glyphs.

General Preferences

In Oracle Applications, the following preferences are used to determine locale-specific behavior. These preferences may be referred to as NLS parameters in some Oracle Applications products. The general preferences are set using the Preferences page.

Preference	Description
Current Session Language	Language for the current session UI.
Default Application Language	Default language when no session language is set.
Territory	Territory for the current session.
Date Format	Date Format for the current session.
Timezone	Time zone for the current user.
Number Format	Number format for the current session.
Currency	Currency for the current user.
Client Character Encoding	Encoding for file uploads and downloads

Note: In Release 12.1.2 and older, when Microsoft Excel is installed, the HTTP ACCEPT header will contain "MS-Excel". In this case, when a file is exported to CSV using Internet Explorer, files are generated in little-endian Unicode even if the Client Character Encoding is UTF-8. The data export is enhanced in 12.1.3. See the next section for details.

Data Export Control

In Release 12.1.3, the Oracle Application Framework-based export function was enhanced to handle tab-delimited values and choice of Unicode encoding. In Release 12.2, the Forms-based export function is also enhanced to support those for Global customers. The two profile options to control the feature are:

FND: Unicode in Export:
This determines the export file encoding when FND: Native Client Encoding is set to UTF-8. The supported profile values are:
- Always UnicodeLittle: export file encoding is UnicodeLittle.
- Always UTF-8: export file encoding is UTF-8.
- UnicodeLittle if Excel Exists: From OA Framework, this exports the file in UnicodeLittle if Microsoft Excel is detected on the client machine. From Forms, it is treated the same as Unicode Little.
Default is UnicodeLittle if Excel Exists with OA Framework, and Always UnicodeLittle with Forms so the export feature works with the default configuration. FND: Unicode in Export only works when FND: Native Client Encoding is set to UTF-8. If otherwise specified, this profile option value is ignored.
Export MIME type:
This profile defines the delimiter of the exported file and the content-type header of the response. Valid values include:
- "text/comma-separated-values": the delimiter in the export file is comma, and this sets content-type header to text/comma-separated-values.
- "text/tab-separated-values": the delimiter in the export file is tab, and this sets the content-type header to text/tab-separated-values.If something else is specified to this profile option, the delimiter is comma for OA Framework but tab with Forms for the backward compatibility.

If you encounter issues when the exported file is opened with external spreadsheet applications, try the following configuration:

Use the client OS native encoding whenever possible. To learn the native encoding of the client OS, refer to the "Code Page for non-Unicode Programs" in the Windows Regional control panel; or the LANG environment variable in UNIX-based clients.
If Unicode export is required, first check if the spreadsheet application supports UTF-8 data import. (Recent Microsoft Excel versions support UTF-8 data import.)
- If it supports UTF-8 import, try "Always UTF-8" for "FND: Unicode in Export" and "text/comma-separated-values" for "Export MIME type"
- If it does NOT support UTF-8 import, try "Always UnicodeLittle" for "FND: Unicode in Export" and "text/tab-separated-values" for "Export MIME type

Section 6. Customizing

This section contains notes on the architecture, standards, and toolkits used by a developer such as a consultant customizing Oracle Applications.

Oracle Application Framework

Internationalization support for user interface standards is encapsulated by the Oracle Application Framework (OAF). For information on OAF see the following documents

Oracle Application Framework Personalization Guide (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Oracle Applications Developer's Guide (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Oracle Applications User Interface Standards for Forms-Based Products (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Oracle Application Framework Development FAQ Release 12

OANLSServices

Developers working on OAF-based applications are recommended to use OANLSServices (oracle.apps.fnd.framework.OANLSServices) for internationalization development. The OANLSServices utility class is documented using Javadoc.

Section 7. Translating

This section discusses customizing delivered translations for Oracle Applications Release 12.

Customer Translations

Customers can customize installed translations in Forms, Reports, database tables, and seed data. Only languages that have an Oracle defined language code can be translated. OA Framework based pages are stored in Meta Data Services (MDS). Using MDS, application metadata can be stored in XML files, in a format defined by MDS Schemas, or in the MDS Repository tables.

For information on customer translations, see Customizing Translation in Oracle E-Business Suite - R12 (1382124.1).

Translating Data

Translating OAF Personalizations

Similarly, translations for OA Framework personalizations can be accomplished via the user interface provided by OA Framework.

Batch Translations

Batch translations can be supported using the FNDLOAD utility.

Translating Setup Data using Forms

To edit the translations of Oracle seeded data or to enter translations for setup data using Oracle Forms, click on the Globe icon at the top of any form that uses a multi-lingual table, then select the desired language from the list of installed languages presented.

Note: Changes to Oracle seeded data may be overwritten during a patch or upgrade.

Most of the Applications setup data can be translated using the Forms Translation window, by clicking on the Globe icon. JTF-based Applications provide a user interface to allow the translation of setup data specific to CRM applications.

For example, when a user enters a Japanese translation using the Forms translation window, the row with LANGUAGE='JA' is updated with a new translation in the translatable fields, and the SOURCE_LANG column is updated with 'JA'. In other words, any record where SOURCE_LANG = LANGUAGE contains a translation.

For more information, see Customizing Translation in Oracle E-Business Suite - R12 (1382124.1)

Section 8. Troubleshooting

This section gives guidelines on resolving issues with National Language Support and Multiple Language Support with Oracle Applications. Rather than aiming to address all NLS and MLS issues, it describes how to identify and resolve problems using a step-by-step approach to gather the relevant information. The latter part of the section provides troubleshooting steps for specific international language support issues.

Oracle Application Framework Troubleshooting Release 12 (395446.1)

General Language Support Troubleshooting Steps

When you see a problem, you should answer the following questions regarding your MLS configuration before contacting Oracle Support. Answering these questions will sometimes identify the problem in your configuration, and enable you to resolve the issue yourself.

Which languages are in use?

select NLS_LANGUAGE from FND_LANGUAGES where INSTALLED_FLAG in ('B','I');

What is the database character set?

select value from nls_database_parameters where parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

Is this correct for the language or languages in use? This can be ascertained using the character set table in this document.

What are the NLS parameters set to?

The NLS parameters are determined by the preferences set for the Application user . You can verify the current preferences for the Application user in the Preferences page.

What is the version of internationalization Java library?

To know the version, execute following java class from command line such as:

java oracle.apps.fnd.i18n.common.util.Version

Is this the latest version? You can check the latest version at the "Internationalization Java library" section in "Internationalization Update Notes" and apply proper patch (if available) to make it latest.

Have any patches been applied?

Using OAM, determine if any patches have been applied. If so, confirm that the American English version of the patch was applied first, regardless of the base language.

Profile options script

SQL Display Apps Profile Options (Rel 11i) from SQL*Plus: 146705.1

The script in 146705.1 can be used to display values for profile options. This is useful when application behavior varies by user or responsibility. This script was written for Release 11 but also applies to Release 12.

Troubleshooting unique constraint violations

Unique constraint violations (ORA-00001 errors) may be encountered while synchronizing multi-lingual tables, either when performing the AD Administration step "Maintain multi-lingual tables", or while running a similar script in an upgrade.

The potentially conflicting data can be updated by running the fix generated by the SQL script adnuniq.sql. This script is located under the $AD_TOP/patch/120/import/ directory. Run it as follows:

$ sqlplus / @$AD_TOP/patch/120/sql/adnuniq.sql

For example, a unique constraint named FND_MENU_ENTRIES_TL_N1 defined on table FND_MENU_ENTRIES gives an ORA-00001 error while FNDNLINS.sql is being run. Run the following command (for UNIX):

$ sqlplus apps/apps @$AD_TOP/patch/120/sql/adnuniq.sql FND_MENU_ENTRIES_TL_N1

This outputs all the possible constraint violation candidates and generates a "fix" SQL script that can be used to bump the conflicting rows by prepending them with an "@" symbol. Both adnuniq.sql and the fix script rely on the Applications data dictionary information stored in FND_TABLES, FND_COLUMNS, FND_PRIMARY_KEYS, and other tables. The correctness of the script should be validated prior to running it. Once you have applied the fix SQL script generated by adnuniq.sql, restart the script that originally failed. If this fails to resolve the issue, contact Oracle Support. Under no circumstances should you edit any Oracle Applications SQL scripts to work around the problem.

Troubleshooting applying NLS patches

Applying an NLS patch may give the errors ORA-00001, unique constraint violated, and ORA-01403, no data found.

As stated in the Install manual, you can ignore this error, by choosing in the adctrl utility to skip the failed jobs (only for ORA-00001 and ORA-01403 errors) by choosing hidden option 8, and entering the number of the worker that failed. This will cause the worker to skip the failed job and restart.

Troubleshooting Forms

For Forms-based Applications products, language data is converted from the client's native encoding to UTF-16, the encoding used by Java, since a Java applet is being used. Then, the data is converted to UTF8, the Forms internal character set. Finally, the data is converted to the application tier character set, as specified by the character set part of the NLS_LANG environment variable on the Forms server. Verify that the NLS_LANG environment variable is set correctly.

Recent Issues Regarding Using Forms with Oracle Applications in 11i / 11.0 (199425.1)
Oracle Forms in Applications FAQ (177610.1)

Troubleshooting Reports

Oracle delivers a number of seeded report-producing programs with Oracle Applications. These reports are generated using a variety of programs and utilities, including SQL*Plus, Oracle Reports, C programs, PL/SQL stored procedures, and BI Publisher.

Some reports delivered with Oracle Applications prior to Release 12 were designed as character-mode (text) reports using Oracle Reports. Although Applications Release 12 allows Oracle Reports-based reports to be transformed to other supported bitmap formats, including HTML, and PostScript, it is recommended that Applications Release 12 customers migrate to BI Publisher. BI Publisher supports various file formats including PDF, HTML, Excel, RTF and more. Oracle Applications provide seeded BI Publisher templates in Release 12.

Restrictions in Oracle Reports-based reports

IX library is required to produce PostScript output in Oracle Reports in Unicode or CJK (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) environments.
PASTA is required for character mode printing in Unicode
PDF format is only supported for US7ASCII, WE8ISO8859P1 and WE8MSWIN1252 in the default configuration.

References

Oracle Reports 10.1.2 NLS Setup Guide for Oracle Applications R12 (415967.1)

Question Marks on Reports migrated from Windows to UNIX

When run in Windows, characters are displayed correctly in reports. However, transferred to UNIX and run, certain characters are displayed as question marks. The registry entry for NLS_LANG on the Windows machine is AMERICA_AMERICAN.WE8ISO8859P1. The database query

select * from V$NLS_PARAMETERS;

also shows NLS_CHARACTERSET is set to WE8ISO8859P1.

Solution

The environment variable NLS_LANG must be set correctly. To check the current value, run the 'Print environment variable values' concurrent program with NLS_LANG as a run time parameter. It should return a value such as:

NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1

If not, make sure your $APPL_TOP/custom<$CONTEXT_NAME>.env file contains correct NLS_LANG. The NLS_LANG parameter must be set for Oracle products. If the character set of the UNIX environment is incorrect, then a report may not display all characters properly.

Troubleshooting non-translated menu prompts

An Applications user may see a menu prompt in English rather than the expected translated string. For example, a German user chooses the translated responsibility "Rechnungswesen", but sees English prompts such as "Journals" instead of the expected German prompts such as "Buchungen". There are four possible reasons for this behavior:

An American English patch that delivers new menu data has been applied, and the corresponding NLS patch has not been applied.
An NLS patch has been applied, but it only provides merged (partial) translation.
An NLS patch has not been applied successfully.
Non-translated strings exist in a seed data file (which may represent a bug).

The cause of non-translated menu prompts can be determined using the following steps.

Step 1: Identify the menu name that contains the untranslated prompts

Log in to Applications as System Administrator to find out the name of the menu that is used when an user chooses the responsibility. Navigate to "Security -> Responsibility -> Define". Then, query for the translated responsibility (such as "Rechnungswesen") and look at the field "Menu". This is the name of the menu that is displayed to the user, such as GL_SUPERUSER.

Step 2: Identify the UNIX .slt filename that seeds the menu prompts

Log in as applmgr and change directory to $APPL_TOP. Then, use the following command to locate the loader file that delivers the definition of the menu GL_SUPERUSER:

find . -type f -name "*.slt" -exec fgrep ""GL_SUPERUSER"" {} ; -print

The output will look something like:

BEGIN MENU "GL_SUPERUSER"

USER_MENU_NAME = "GL_SUPERUSER"

./gl/12.0.0/patch/120/import/b1140414.slt

BEGIN MENU "GL_SUPERUSER"

USER_MENU_NAME = "GL_SUPERUSER"

./jl/12.0.0/patch/120/import/US/jlsecu.slt

BEGIN MENU "GL_SUPERUSER"

USER_MENU_NAME = "GL_SUPERUSER"

./jl/12.0.0/patch/120/import/D/jlsecu.slt

BEGIN MENU "GL_SUPERUSER"

USER_MENU_NAME = "GL_SUPERUSER"

./fnd/12.0.0/admin/import/D/afsload_GL.slt

BEGIN MENU "GL_SUPERUSER"

USER_MENU_NAME = "GL_SUPERUSER"

./fnd/12.0.0/admin/import/D/afsload_JL.slt

These five files contain data for the menu GL_SUPERUSER. The first two files are not in NLS subdirectories, but the remaining three files are in NLS subdirectories ("D" = German) and contain translation data.

Repeat the above step, this time searching for *.ldt files as follows:

find . -type f -name "*.ldt" -exec fgrep ""GL_SUPERUSER"" {} ; -print

Step 3: Analyze the NLS seed data files found in Step 2

Open the files found in Step 2 with an editor such as vi, and search for USER_MENU_NAME = "GL_SUPERUSER". The lines saying "PROMPT" contain the menu prompts that make up the menu. For example, PROMPT = "Buchungen".

Step 4: Conclusion

If the NLS seed data file shows the correct NLS prompts, the NLS patch has probably not been applied completely. If no NLS prompts are seen in the NLS seed data file, this may indicate an NLS translation bug.

Troubleshooting translation issues in messages and dynamic reports

The sequence of events for troubleshooting a message that appears in English rather than in the required language is:

Using the adadmin utility, regenerate messages for the particular language or product
Stop and restart the Apache listener. If the message still appears in English, proceed to the next step.
Attempt to find the .ldt file that contains the message. If the message is translated in the file, reload the .ldt file using FNDLOAD and begin again from step 1.
If the message is not translated in the file, log a TAR with Oracle Support for further investigation.

Troubleshooting Character Mode Reports

Character mode reports use PASTA

Check the database character set

select value from nls_database_parameters where parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
Find installed languages in Applications

select language_code from fnd_languages where installed_flag in ('I','B');
Find version of Pasta executable

$ FNDPSTAX -v
Identify the language of data to be retrieved from the database. For instance, although the session language is English, data to be retrieved from the database could be in Japanese. With an English session, the font setting in the AMERICAN section of pasta.cfg is used, and this section is not configured to use MLS fonts by default.
Identify NLS_LANG setting on the concurrent processing node: Run the 'Print environment variable values' concurrent program with NLS_LANG as a run time parameter.
Upload the pasta.cfg file being used. The default file is $FND_TOP/$APPLRSC/pasta.cfg. List the command line to reproduce the problem, e.g.
FNDPSTAX -pn5op329a -f/u01/app/common/out/vision/o32383.out -c1 -l
Reproducing the problem at the command line avoids the need to run the concurrent program to provide information. NLS_LANG must be set to the value returned in Step 5.
Upload the Pasta debug files
Log in to the concurrent processing server as the applmgr user, then at the command prompt:
Set the environment variable PASTA_DEBUG_LEVEL=1.
Run the failing Pasta command to reproduce the problem.
Alternatively, if the concurrent processing system has to be used instead of the command line:
Set the environment variable PASTA_DEBUG_LEVEL=1 in $APPL_TOP/custom<$CONTEXT_NAME>.env.
Stop and restart the concurrent managers and run the concurrent request that will reproduce the problem.
Upload the pasta.in, pasta.out and pasta.log files that will have been generated in the $APPLTMP directory.

Troubleshooting Bitmap Reports

Bitmap reports use IX Library.

Check the database character set:

select value from nls_database_parameters where parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
Find installed languages in Applications:

select language_code from fnd_languages where installed_flag in ('I','B');
Find version of rwrun:

$ rwrun batch=yes
Identify the language of data to be retrieved from the database. For instance, although the session language is English, data to be retrieved from the database could be in Japanese. With an English session, the font setting in the AMERICAN section of ixlib.cfg is used, and this section is not configured to use MLS fonts by default.
Run the 'Print environment variable values' concurrent program with each of the following variables as a runtime parameter to identify the value of each one
- IX_PRINTING
- PASTA
- NLS_LANG
- APPLLCSP (should be null or 'OFF')
Upload the IX configuration file in use. The file is specified as a value for IX_PRINTING.
Use the Reports command line to reproduce the problem
Source the $APPL_TOP/custom<$CONTEXT_NAME>.env file.

Verify that all relevant environment variables are set. The following variables are typical:

TK_PRINT_STATUS="echo %n is valid" REPORTS_NO_DUMMY_PRINTER="TRUE"
Additional parameters can be set for debugging:
IX_DEBUG_LOGFILE=stderr IX_DEBUG_LEVEL=15 IX_DUMP_MAPPING=/tmp/ixdump.log

Make sure IX_PRINTING and NLS_LANG are set to the value from Step 5, then run the command to reproduce the problem:

$ rwrun userid=apps/apps batch=yes report= destype=file desname= desformat=PostScript

Upload the .rdf file, output file and debug files as requested by Oracle Support

Troubleshooting fonts in UIX

To check the font used by UIX for text on buttons, view the image in the browser and note the url, such as /images/cache/en/12345.gif.

To view the image metadata, replace "gif" with "imx", such as /images/cache/en/12345.imx, and open the link in a browser. The element will show the font name.

If the font is not installed on the system, the browser may display an empty square for each unknown character.

Appendix A. Migrating to Unicode

Preface

This section gives an overview of the steps needed to migrate a non-Unicode Applications instance to UTF8. If your Unicode character set will be AL32UTF8, change UTF8 to AL32UTF8 in these instructions. Unless explicitly stated, the steps apply to all platforms.

Database

Migrate Database Character Set

Migrate the database character set to UTF8. For more details, follow the content in the following source documents:

Migrating an Applications Installation to a New Character Set (124721.1)

Changing the Database Character Set or the Database National Character Set (66320.1)

Update listener.ora

The Report Review Agent (RRA) is the default text viewer within Oracle Applications, allowing users to view report output and log files. The NLS_LANG setting for the Report Review Agent executable, FNDFS, must be set to UTF8. This can be configured in listener.ora. Update NLS_LANG in the 'ENVS' parameters within the listener.ora files in the Oracle Database Server Home and the Oracle Applications Home:

ENVS=NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8

Check Database Packages and Procedures

Ensure that the package OWA_UTIL contains 'Ccharset' as an argument within the MIME_HEADER procedure

Files on Application Tier

Environment Files

Some of the Applications environment files (.env extension) contain NLS_LANG settings, which needs to be UTF8. Proceed as follows.

Use OAM to change character set and NLS_LANG as required:
APPL_TOP Character set: UTF8

Database Character set: UTF8

IANA Character set: UTF8

iAS ORACLE_HOME NLS_LANG: American_America.UTF8

NLS_LANG: American_America.UTF8

Tools ORACLE_HOME NLS_LANG: American_America.UTF8

For more details, refer to the source document Using AutoConfig to Manage System Configurations in Oracle Applications Release 12 (387859.1) Section 2 Maintaining System Configurations.
Ensure that the character set is changed to UTF8 in the environment files.
For more details, refer to the source document: Oracle Applications Concepts Chapter 2 Applications File System (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Create a new APPSORA.env file to use the updated NLS_LANG settings

Registry (Windows only)

The registry stores configuration information for Windows-based applications. Correct the following registry entries, if they exist, so that UTF8 is specified in the character set portion of NLS_LANG:

\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREORACLENLS_LANG

\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREORACLEALL_HOMES/ID2

\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREORACLEHOME0

\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREORACLEHOME1

\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREORACLEHOME2

\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREORACLEORACLE_HOMESORACLE2

Note: Since applying a Forms patchset may reset the character set part of NLS_LANG to WE8ISO8859P1, the registry entries listed above should always be checked after applying such a patchset.

File Character Set Conversion

If UTF8 is used on the database tier, it must be used on all tiers. Hence, all files on the application tier need to be converted to UTF8, if applicable. Note, when using AD Administration, the character set component of the NLS_LANG setting must be set to UTF8.

For converting multiple files using AD Administration, use the Convert Character Set menu from Maintain Applications Files menu. For converting individual files, use the File Character Set Converter (adncnv).

For more details, refer to the source document Oracle Applications Maintenance Utilities (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Chapter 4, "Maintenance", Subchapter "AD Administration", Section "Maintaining Applications Files", Subsection "Convert character set" and Chapter 3, "Configuration", Section "File Character Set Converter"

Regenerate Forms and Reports

If the character set of any existing Forms (.fmx and .mmx) and Reports (.rdf) files is different from UTF8, those files must be re-generated in the UTF8 character set. Note that the Forms (.fmb and .mmb) files remain in the local language character set.

In AD Administration, use the "Generate forms files, reports files, and graphics files" menu from the "Generate Applications Files Tasks" menu

For more details, refer to the source document:

For more details, refer to the source document Oracle Applications Maintenance Utilities (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Chapter 4, "Maintenance", Section "AD Administration", Subsection "Generate form files, reports files, and graphics files"

Generate Messages

If the character set of any existing Message (.msb) files is different from UTF8, those files must be regenerated in the UTF8 character set.

In "AD Administration", use "Generate message files" menu from "Generate Applications Files Tasks menu". After generating message files, stop and restart the Apache server to clear any cached information related to messages.

For more details, refer to the source document:

For more details, refer to the source document Oracle Applications Maintenance Utilities (available at Oracle Applications Documentation)
Chapter 4, "Maintenance", Section "AD Administration", Subsection "Generate message files"

Forms and Reports Builders

In order to start forms or reports builders on a Unicode environment, the XENVIRONMENT variable must be set:

Tk2Motif_UTF8.rgb or Tk2Motif_AL32UTF8.rgb (UNIX Only)

In order to start forms or reports builders on an UTF8 or AL32UTF8 environment, the XENVIRONMENT variable must be set to the UTF8 or AL32UTF8 version of Tk2Motif.rgb. For instance, on a UTF8 envioronment:

Copy Tk2Motif.rgb to Tk2Motif_UTF8.rgb:

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/guicommon/tk/admin $ cp Tk2Motif.rgb Tk2Motif_UTF8.rgb
Modify Tk2Motif_UTF8.rgb to comment out the existing Tk2Motif*fontMapCs line (by placing an exclamation mark at the beginning), and add a similar line setting the character set to UTF8:

!Tk2Motif*fontMapCs: iso8859-2=EE8ISO8859P2 Tk2Mofif*fontMapCs: iso8859-1=UTF8
An environment variable XENVIRONMENT needs to be set in $APPL_TOP/custom<$CONTEXT_NAME>.env.

XENVIRONMENT=$ORACLE_HOME/guicommon/tk/admin/Tk2Motif_UTF8.rgb export XENVIRONMENT

In an AL32UTF8 environment, follow the above steps with AL32UTF8 instead of UTF8. e.g. copy to Tk2Motif_AL32UTF8.rgb, add the line
Tk2Motif*fontMapCs: iso8859-1=AL32UTF8 in the file, then point the XENVIRONMENT variable to the Tk2Motif_AL32UTF8.rgb file.

To have the setting in $APPL_TOP/custom<$CONTEXT_NAME>.env file, add the lines in $AD_TOP/admin/template/custom/APPLSYS_ux.env and run AutoConfig.
Refer to 270519.1 and 387859.1 to customize the AutoConfig environment.

On IBM AIX based Systems or Linux x86-64 environments where Reports Runtime still has dependency on DISPLAY, CP requires the XENVIRONMENT variable to be set to the Unicode version of Tk2Motif.rgb file.

Character Mode Reports

If UTF8 or AL32UTF8 is used in the Applications instance, the PASTA printing utility should be set up so that Unicode characters can be viewed and printed.
For more details, refer to the source document:

Document reference: "Oracle Applications System Administrator"s Guide Volume 1 Release 11i"
Chapter 7 "Printer", Subsection "Printer Setup with Pasta"

When Bi-Directional (BiDi) support is required with character mode reports in the Unicode environment, follow the steps below:

Update .prt files for BiDi Support
To enable BiDi layout in a Unicode environment, the following entries are required in the .prt file.

code "5" esc "[5m" code "4" esc "[4m"
. These entries specify two escape codes that the Reports engine uses to define the report column boundaries. The PASTA utility can use these boundaries to perform BiDi layout, handling the tagged format of character mode reports.
The following environment variables need to be set in $APPL_TOP/custom<$CONTEXT_NAME>.env.
REPORTS_PRINTER_CODE_BEFORE=&5 export REPORTS_PRINTER_CODE_BEFORE REPORTS_PRINTER_CODE_AFTER=&4 export REPORTS_PRINTER_CODE_AFTER

To have the setting in $APPL_TOP/custom<$CONTEXT_NAME>.env file, add the lines in $AD_TOP/admin/template/custom/APPLSYS_ux.env and run AutoConfig.
Refer to 270519.1 and 387859.1 to customize the AutoConfig environment.
Setup VPASTA (Pasta Viewer) to view the character mode output files with Concurrent Manager:
1. Create a new Mime Type
System Administrator responsibility > Install > Viewer Options
Add a new line with following values:
File Format: 'Text'
Mime Type: 'apps/bidi'
Description: 'Pasta Viewer for bi-di'
2. Update the profile option:
Profile Option: 'Viewer: Application for Text'
Value: 'Pasta viewer for bi-di'

Document references: Oracle Reports 10.1.2 NLS Setup Guide for Oracle Applications R12 (415967.1)

Section "2.2.2 Bi-Directional (BiDi)-Specific Settings", Sub Section "* BiDi support in a UTF8 environment: The Tags Option "
See also Pasta 3.0.4.0 User"s Guide for Release 12 (239196.1)

Bitmap Reports - PostScript Format

The IX Library enables PostScript generation by embedding a TrueType (ttf) font in the PostScript output. The IX Library is enabled by setting the IX_PRINTING environment variable to an IX Library configuration file, ixlib.cfg, as follows:

$ IX_PRINTING=$FND_TOP/$APPLRSC/ixlib.cfg

$ export IX_PRINTING

For more details, refer to the Oracle Reports 10.1.2 NLS Setup Guide for Oracle Applications R12 (415967.1) Section "2.3.1.3 Font Embedding Setting"

Applications Products

Set ICX:Client IANA Encoding Profile Option

ICX:Client IANA Encoding profile option specifies the IANA character encoding that is used to display HTML-based Applications pages. It can be specified at site level only.

Specify UTF-8 in ICX:Client IANA Encoding profile option value at Site level.

Finish

In order to activate all of the above changes, restart all server processes. Source APPSORA.env and restart all database and Applications services.

Appendix B: Oracle Applications Locale Data

Languages

Display	NLS Language	Oracle Language Code	ISO Language Code
Albanian	ALBANIAN	SQ	sq-AL
American English	AMERICAN	US	en-us
Arabic	ARABIC	AR	ar-AE
Brazilian Portuguese	BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE	PTB	pt-BR
Bulgarian *	BULGARIAN	BG	bg-BG
Canadian French	CANADIAN FRENCH	FRC	fr-CA
Catalan *	CATALAN	CA	ca-ES
Chinese Simplified	SIMPLIFIED CHINESE	ZHS	zh-CN
Chinese Traditional	TRADITIONAL CHINESE	ZHT	zh-TW
Croatian	CROATIAN	HR	hr-HR
Cryllic Kazakh	CRYLLIC KAZAKH	CKK	kk-KZ
Cryllic Serbian	CRYLLIC SERBIAN	CSR	sr-RS
Czech	CZECH	CS	cs-CZ
Danish	DANISH	DK	da-DK
Dutch	DUTCH	NL	nl-NL
Finnish	FINNISH	SF	fi-FI
French	FRENCH	F	fr-FR
German	GERMAN	D	de-DE
Greek	GREEK	EL	el-GR
Hebrew	HEBREW	IW	he-IL
Hungarian	HUNGARIAN	HU	hu-HU
Indonesian	INDONESIAN	IN	id-ID
Italian	ITALIAN	I	it-IT
Japanese	JAPANESE	JA	ja-JP
Korean	KOREAN	KO	ko-KR
Latin American Spanish	LATIN AMERICAN SPANISH	ESA	es-US
Latin Serbian	LATIN SERBIAN	LSR	sh-RS
Lithuanian	LITHUANIAN	LT	lt-LT
Norwegian	NORWEGIAN	N	no-NO
Polish	POLISH	PL	pl-PL
Portuguese	PORTUGUESE	PT	pt-PT
Romanian	ROMANIAN	RO	ro-RO
Russian	RUSSIAN	RU	ru-RU
Slovak	SLOVAK	SK	sk-SK
Slovenian	SLOVENIAN	SL	sl-SI
Spanish	SPANISH	E	es-ES
Swedish	SWEDISH	S	sv-SE
Thai	THAI	TH	th-TH
Turkish	TURKISH	TR	tr-TR
Ukrainian	UKRAINIAN	UK	uk-UA
Vietnamese	VIETNAMESE	VN	vi-VN

Notes:

For Cyrillic Serbian, Oracle uses ISO Code sr-RS (aka sr-Cyrl-RS) and for Latin Serbian, Oracle uses ISO Code sh-RS (aka sr-Latn-RS).

For more information see the Oracle Applications Release 12.2, 12.1 & Release 12.0 Translation Scope and Availability (405992.1)

The asterisk (*) marks Lightweight-only languages that are supported and enabled in Lightweight mode only.

Refer to Lightweight MLS and how to enable a language in Lightweight mode (1077709.1)

Oracle database, and application server, and patches use the Oracle language code convention, while some products and standards such as XDO and XLIFF use the short (two letter) two or full (four letter) ISO language codes.

Client Character Encodings and IANA Encodings

Display	ICX: Client IANA Encoding
Arabic (ISO-8859-6)	ISO-8859-6
Arabic (Windows-1256)	WINDOWS-1256
Central European (ISO-8859-2)	ISO-8859-2
Central European (Windows-1250)	WINDOWS-1250
Chinese Simplified (GB2312)	GB2312
Chinese Simplified (GBK)	GBK
Chinese Traditional (Big5)	BIG5
Cyrillic (ISO-8859-5)	ISO-8859-5
Cyrillic (Windows-1251)	WINDOWS-1251
English (US-ASCII)	US-ASCII
Greek (ISO-8859-7)	ISO-8859-7
Greek (Windows-1253)	WINDOWS-1253
Hebrew (Windows-1255)	WINDOWS-1255
Japanese (EUC-JP)	EUC-JP
Japanese (Shift_JIS)	SHIFT_JIS
Japanese (Windows-31J)	WINDOWS-31J
Korean (EUC-KR)	EUC-KR
Thai (TIS-620)	TIS-620
Thai (Windows-874)	WINDOWS-874
Turkish (ISO-8859-9)	ISO-8859-9
Turkish (Windows-1254)	WINDOWS-1254
Unicode (UTF-8)	UTF-8
Western European (ISO-8859-1)	ISO-8859-1
Western European (ISO-8859-15)	ISO-8859-15
Western European (Windows-1252)	WINDOWS-1252

Client Character Sets and Native Client Encodings

Display	FND: Native Client Encoding
American	US7ASCII
Arabic (ISO)	AR8ISO8859P6
Arabic (Windows)	AR8MSWIN1256
Central European (ISO)	EE8ISO8859P2
Central European (Windows)	EE8MSWIN1250
Chinese Simplified (GB2312)	ZHS16CGB231280
Chinese Simplified (Windows)	ZHS16GBK
Chinese Traditional (Big5)	ZHT16BIG5
Chinese Traditional (EUC)	ZHT32EUC
Chinese Traditional (Windows)	ZHT16MSWIN950
Greek (ISO)	EL8ISO8859P7
Greek (Windows)	EL8MSWIN1253
Hebrew	IW8MSWIN1255
Hebrew (ISO)	IW8ISO8859P8
Japanese (EUC)	JA16EUC
Japanese (Windows)	JA16SJIS
Korean (EUC)	KO16KSC5601
Korean (Windows)	KO16MSWIN949
Lithuanian	NEE8ISO8859P4
Russian (ISO)	CL8ISO8859P5
Russian (Windows)	CL8MSWIN1251
Thai	TH8TISASCII
Turkish (ISO)	WE8ISO8859P9
Turkish (Windows)	TR8MSWIN1254
Unicode (UTF-8)	UTF8
Vietnamese	VN8MSWIN1258
Western European (ISO)	WE8ISO8859P1
Western European (Windows)	WE8MSWIN1252

Number Formats

Display	ICX: Numeric Characters
10,000.00	.,
10.000,00	,.
10 000.00	.
10 000,00	,
10'000.00	.'
10'000,00	,'

Date Formats

Display Example	Display Format	ICX: Date Format
01-31-2007	MM-dd-yyyy	MM-DD-RRRR
01.31.2007	MM.dd.yyyy	MM.DD.RRRR
01/31/2007	MM/dd/yyyy	MM/DD/RRRR
2007-01-31	yyyy-MM-dd	RRRR-MM-DD
2007-Jan-31	yyyy-MMM-dd	RRRR-MON-DD
2007.01.31	yyyy.MM.dd	RRRR.MM.DD
2007.Jan.31	yyyy.MMM.dd	RRRR.MON.DD
2007/01/31	yyyy/MM/dd	RRRR/MM/DD
2007/Jan/31	yyyy/MMM/dd	RRRR/MON/DD
31-01-2007	dd-MM-yyyy	DD-MM-RRRR
31-Jan-2007	dd-MMM-yyyy	DD-MON-YYYY
31.01.2007	dd.MM.yyyy	DD.MM.RRRR
31.Jan.2007	dd.MMM.yyyy	DD.MON.RRRR
31/01/2007	dd/MM/yyyy	DD/MM/RRRR
31/Jan/2007	dd/MMM/yyyy	DD/MON/RRRR

Territories

Display	ICX: Territory
Afghanistan	AFGHANISTAN
Albania	ALBANIA
Algeria	ALGERIA
Argentina	ARGENTINA
Armenia	ARMENIA
Australia	AUSTRALIA
Austria	AUSTRIA
Azerbaijan	AZERBAIJAN
Bahamas	BAHAMAS
Bahrain	BAHRAIN
Bangladesh	BANGLADESH
Belgium	BELGIUM
Belize	BELIZE
Bermuda	BERMUDA
Bolivia, Plurinational State of	BOLIVIA
Bosnia and Herzegovina	BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Brazil	BRAZIL
Bulgaria	BULGARIA
Cambodia	CAMBODIA
Cameroon	CAMEROON
Canada	CANADA
Chile	CHILE
China	CHINA
Colombia	COLOMBIA
Congo	CONGO BRAZZAVILLE
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	CONGO KINSHASA
Costa Rica	COSTA RICA
Cote d'Ivoire	IVORY COAST
Croatia	CROATIA
Cyprus	CYPRUS
Czech Republic	CZECH REPUBLIC
Denmark	DENMARK
Djibouti	DJIBOUTI
Ecuador	ECUADOR
Egypt	EGYPT
El Salvador	EL SALVADOR
Estonia	ESTONIA
Ethiopia	ETHIOPIA
Finland	FINLAND
France	FRANCE
Gabon	GABON
Germany	GERMANY
Greece	GREECE
Guatemala	GUATEMALA
Honduras	HONDURAS
Hong Kong	HONG KONG
Hungary	HUNGARY
Iceland	ICELAND
India	INDIA
Indonesia	INDONESIA
Iran, Islamic Republic of	IRAN
Iraq	IRAQ
Ireland	IRELAND
Israel	ISRAEL
Italy	ITALY
Japan	JAPAN
Jordan	JORDAN
Kazakhstan	KAZAKHSTAN
Kenya	KENYA
Korea, Republic of	KOREA
Kuwait	KUWAIT
Lao People's Democratic Republic	LAOS
Latvia	LATVIA
Lebanon	LEBANON
Libya	LIBYA
Lithuania	LITHUANIA
Luxembourg	LUXEMBOURG
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of	FYR MACEDONIA
Malaysia	MALAYSIA
Maldives	MALDIVES
Malta	MALTA
Mauritania	MAURITANIA
Mexico	MEXICO
Montenegro	MONTENEGRO
Morocco	MOROCCO
Nepal	NEPAL
Netherlands	THE NETHERLANDS
New Zealand	NEW ZEALAND
Nicaragua	NICARAGUA
Nigeria	NIGERIA
Norway	NORWAY
Obsolete see LT territory	LITHUANIA
Obsolete see RS or ME territory	SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO
Oman	OMAN
Pakistan	PAKISTAN
Panama	PANAMA
Paraguay	PARAGUAY
Peru	PERU
Philippines	PHILIPPINES
Poland	POLAND
Portugal	PORTUGAL
Puerto Rico	PUERTO RICO
Qatar	QATAR
Romania	ROMANIA
Russian Federation	RUSSIA
Saudi Arabia	SAUDI ARABIA
Senegal	SENEGAL
Serbia	SERBIA
Singapore	SINGAPORE
Slovakia	SLOVAKIA
Slovenia	SLOVENIA
Somalia	SOMALIA
South Africa	SOUTH AFRICA
Spain	SPAIN
Sri Lanka	SRI LANKA
Sudan	SUDAN
Sweden	SWEDEN
Switzerland	SWITZERLAND
Syrian Arab Republic	SYRIA
Taiwan	TAIWAN
Tanzania, United Republic of	TANZANIA
Thailand	THAILAND
Tunisia	TUNISIA
Turkey	TURKEY
Uganda	UGANDA
Ukraine	UKRAINE
United Arab Emirates	UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
United Kingdom	UNITED KINGDOM
United States	AMERICA
Uruguay	URUGUAY
Uzbekistan	UZBEKISTAN
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of	VENEZUELA
Viet Nam	VIETNAM
Yemen	YEMEN
Zambia	ZAMBIA

Timezones

Display
(GMT -11:00) Pago Pago
(GMT -10:00) Adak
(GMT -10:00) Honolulu
(GMT -09:00) Anchorage
(GMT -09:00) Gambier
(GMT -08:30) Marquesas
(GMT -08:00) Pacific Time
(GMT -08:00) Pitcairn
(GMT -07:00) Mountain Time
(GMT -07:00) Phoenix
(GMT -06:00) Central Time
(GMT -06:00) Easter
(GMT -06:00) Regina
(GMT -05:00) Eastern Time
(GMT -05:00) Havana
(GMT -05:00) Indianapolis
(GMT -04:00) Bermuda
(GMT -04:00) Boa Vista
(GMT -04:00) Manaus
(GMT -04:00) Santiago
(GMT -04:00) Stanley
(GMT -03:00) Belem
(GMT -03:00) Godthab
(GMT -03:00) Miquelon
(GMT -03:00) Sao Paulo
(GMT -02:30) St Johns
(GMT -02:00) Noronha
(GMT -01:00) Scoresbysund
(GMT +00:00) GMT
(GMT +00:00) London
(GMT +01:00) CET
(GMT +01:00) Tunis
(GMT +01:00) Warsaw
(GMT +02:00) Amman
(GMT +02:00) Beirut
(GMT +02:00) Cairo
(GMT +02:00) Damascus
(GMT +02:00) Gaza
(GMT +02:00) Istanbul
(GMT +02:00) Jerusalem
(GMT +02:00) Kaliningrad
(GMT +02:00) Tripoli
(GMT +03:00) Baghdad
(GMT +03:00) Moscow
(GMT +03:00) Riyadh
(GMT +03:30) Tehran
(GMT +04:00) Aqtau
(GMT +04:00) Dubai
(GMT +04:00) Samara
(GMT +05:00) Aqtobe
(GMT +05:00) Chagos
(GMT +05:00) Yekaterinburg
(GMT +05:30) Calcutta
(GMT +06:00) Almaty
(GMT +06:00) Dacca
(GMT +06:00) Omsk
(GMT +06:30) Cocos
(GMT +07:00) Bangkok
(GMT +07:00) Krasnoyarsk
(GMT +08:00) Hong Kong
(GMT +08:00) Irkutsk
(GMT +09:00) Tokyo
(GMT +09:00) Yakutsk
(GMT +09:30) Adelaide
(GMT +09:30) Darwin
(GMT +10:00) Brisbane
(GMT +10:00) Hobart
(GMT +10:00) Sydney
(GMT +10:30) Lord Howe
(GMT +11:00) Magadan
(GMT +11:00) Noumea
(GMT +11:30) Norfolk
(GMT +12:00) Auckland
(GMT +12:00) Kamchatka
(GMT +12:00) Kwajalein

Currencies

Display
ADP	Andorran Peseta
AED	UAE Dirham
AFA	Afghani
ALL	Lek
AMD	Armenian Dram
ANG	Netherlands Antillian Guilder
ANY	ANY Currency
AOA	Kwanza
AOK	Kwanza (Obsolete)
AON	New Kwanza
ARA	Austral
ARS	Argentine Peso
ATS	Schilling
AUD	Australian Dollar
AWG	Aruban Guilder
AZM	Azerbaijanian Manat
BAM	Convertible Marks
BBD	Barbados Dollar
BDT	Taka
BEF	Belgian Franc
BGL	Lev
BGN	Bulgarian Lev
BHD	Bahraini Dinar
BHT	Thailand Baht
BIF	Burundi Franc
BMD	Bermudian Dollar (Bermuda Dollar)
BND	Brunei Dollar
BOB	Boliviano
BOV	Mvdol
BRC	Cruzado
BRL	Brazilian Real
BSD	Bahamian Dollar
BTN	Ngultrum
BUK	Kyat (Obsolete)
BWP	Pula
BYB	Belarussian Ruble (Obsolete)
BYR	Belarussian Ruble
BZD	Belize Dollar
CAD	Canadian Dollar
CDF	Franc Congolais
CHF	Swiss Franc
CLF	Unidades de formento
CLP	Chilean Peso
CNY	Yuan Renminbi
COP	Colombian Peso
CRC	Costa Rican Colon
CSK	Koruna
CUP	Cuban Peso
CVE	Cape Verde Escudo
CYP	Cyprus Pound
CZK	Czech Koruna
DEM	Deutsche Mark
DJF	Djibouti Franc
DKK	Danish Krone
DOP	Dominican Peso
DZD	Algerian Dinar
ECS	Sucre
ECV	Unidad de Valor Constante (UVC)
EEK	Kroon
EGP	Egyptian Pound
ERN	Nakfa
ESB	Convertible Peseta Accounts
ESP	Spanish Peseta
ETB	Ethiopian Birr
EUR	Euro
FIM	Markka
FJD	Fiji Dollar
FKP	Falkland Islands Pound
FRF	French Franc
GBP	Pound Sterling
GEK	Georgian Coupon
GEL	Lari
GHC	Cedi
GIP	Gibraltar Pound
GMD	Dalasi
GNF	Guinea Franc
GRD	Drachma
GTQ	Quetzal
GWP	Guinea-Bissau Peso
GYD	Guyana Dollar
HEADCOUNT	Headcount
HKD	Hong Kong Dollar
HNL	Lempira
HRD	Croatian Dinar
HRK	Croatian kuna
HTG	Gourde
HUF	Forint
IDR	Rupiah
IEP	Irish Pound
ILS	New Israeli Sheqel
INR	Indian Rupee
IQD	Iraqi Dinar
IRR	Iranian Rial
ISK	Iceland Krona
ITL	Italian Lira
JMD	Jamaican Dollar
JOD	Jordanian Dinar
JPY	Yen
KES	Kenyan Shilling
KGS	Som
KHR	Riel
KMF	Comoro Franc
KPW	North Korean Won
KRW	Won
KWD	Kuwaiti Dinar
KYD	Cayman Islands Dollar
KZT	Tenge
LAK	Kip
LBP	Lebanese Pound
LKR	Sri Lanka Rupee
LRD	Liberian Dollar
LSL	Loti
LTL	Lithuanian Litas
LUC	Convertible Franc
LUF	Luxembourg Franc
LUL	Financial Franc
LVL	Latvian Lats
LVR	Latvian Ruble
LYD	Libyan Dinar
MAD	Moroccan Dirham
MDL	Moldovan Leu
MGF	Malagasy Franc
MKD	Denar
MMK	Kyat
MNT	Tugrik
MOP	Pataca
MRO	Ouguiya
MTL	Maltese Lira
MUR	Mauritius Rupee
MVR	Rufiyaa
MWK	Kawacha
MXN	Mexican Nuevo Peso
MXP	Mexican Peso
MXV	Mexican Unidad de Inversion (UDI)
MYR	Malaysian Ringgit
MZM	Metical
NAD	Namibia Dollar
NGN	Naira
NIC	Cordoba
NIO	Cordoba Oro
NLG	Netherlands Guilder
NOK	Norwegian Krone
NPR	Nepalese Rupee
NTD	NTD
NZD	New Zealand Dollar
OMR	Rial Omani
PAB	Balboa
PEI	Inti
PEN	Nuevo Sol
PGK	Kina
PHP	Philippine Peso
PKR	Pakistan Rupee
PLN	Polish Zloty
PLZ	Zloty (Obsolete)
PTE	Portuguese Escudo
PYG	Guarani
QAR	Qatari Rial
ROL	Leu
RON	New Romanian Leu
RUB	Russian Ruble
RUR	Russian Ruble (old)
RWF	Rwanda Franc
SAR	Saudi Riyal
SBD	Solomon Islands Dollar
SCR	Seychelles Rupee
SDD	Sudanese Dinar
SDP	Sudanese Pound
SEK	Swedish Krona
SGD	Singapore Dollar
SHP	Saint Helena Pound
SIT	Tolar
SKK	Slovak Koruna
SLL	Leone
SOS	Somali Shilling
SQF	Square Footage
SRG	Suriname Guilder
STAT	Statistical
STD	Dobra
SUR	Rouble
SVC	El Salvador Colon
SYP	Syrian Pound
SZL	Lilangeni
T1	t1
TEST	test
TEST1	TEST1
THB	Baht
TJR	Tajik Ruble
TJS	Somoni
TMM	Manat
TND	Tunisian Dinar
TOP	Pa"anga
TPE	Timor Escudo
TRL	Turkish Lira
TRY	New Turkish Lira
TTD	Trinidad and Tobago Dollar
TWD	New Taiwan Dollar
TZS	Tanzanian Shilling
UAH	Hryvnia
UAK	Karbovanet
UGS	Uganda Shilling (Obsolete)
UGX	Uganda Shilling
USD	US dollar
USN	US Dollar (next day)
USS	US Dollar (same day)
UYP	Uruguayan Peso
UYU	Peso Uruguayo
UZS	Uzbekistan Sum
VEB	Bolivar
VND	Dong
VUV	Vatu
WST	Tala
XAF	CFA Franc BEAC
XAG	Silver
XAU	Gold
XB5	Bond Markets Units - European Unit of Account 17 (Obsolete)
XBA	Bond Markets Units - European Composite Unit (EURCO)
XBB	Bond Markets Units - European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6)
XBC	Bond Markets Units - European Unit of Account 9 (E.U.A.-9)
XBD	Bond Markets Units - European Unit of Account 17 (E.U.A.-17)
XCD	East Carribbean Dollar
XDR	SDR
XEU	European Currency Unit (E.C.U.)
XFO	Special settlement currencies - Gold-Franc
XFU	Special settlement currencies - UIC-Franc
XOF	CFA Franc BCEAO
XPD	Palladium
XPF	CFP Franc
XPT	Platinum
XTS	Testing
XXX	No currency
YDD	Yemeni Dinar
YER	Yemeni Rial
YUD	New Yugoslavian Dinar
YUM	Yugoslvian Dinar
YUN	Yugoslvian Dinar (Obsolete)
ZAL	Financial Rand
ZAR	Rand
ZMK	Kwacha
ZRN	New Zaire
ZRZ	Zaire
ZWD	Zimbabwe Dollar

R12.1 Updates

All the changes are included into R12.1 by the patch#6802071 - R12.1 SEED DATA FOR FND_LANGUAGES, FND_TERRITORIES, AND FND_CURRENCIES

FND_LANGUAGES Updates

Language Code	Language Name	Column	Changes		Remark
			Old value	New Value
RU	Russian	NLS_TERRITORY	CIS	RUSSIA	Fix for the Bug#6189122
ESA	Latin American Spanish	NLS_TERRITORY	MEXICO	AMERICA	Fix for the Bug#6756227
		ISO_TERRITORY	MX	US

FND_CURRENCIES Updates

Currency Code	Currency Name	Column	Changes		Remark
Currency Code	Currency Name	Column	Old value	New Value	Remark
CHE	WIR Euro	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added currency
CHW	WIR Franc	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added currency
COU	Unidad de Valor Real	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added currency
MGA	Malagasy Ariary	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added currency
RSD	Serbian Dinar	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added currency
SRD	Suriname Dollar	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added currency
UYI	Uruguary Peso en Unidades Indexadas	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added currency
AFN	Afghani	CURRENCY_CODE	AFA	AFN	ISO currency code change. AFA is obsolete.
AZN	Azerbaijanian Manat	CURRENCY_CODE	AZM	AZN	ISO currency code change. AZM is obsolete.
GHS	Ghana Cedi	CURRENCY_CODE	GHC	GHS	ISO currency code change. GHC is obsolete.
MZN	Metical	CURRENCY_CODE	MZM	MZN	ISO currency code change. MZM is obsolete.
SDG	Sudanese Dinar	CURRENCY_CODE	SDD	SDG	ISO currency code change. SDD is obsolete.
VEF	Bolivar Fuerte	CURRENCY_CODE	VEB	VEF	ISO currency code change. VEB is obsolete.

FND_TERRITORIES Updates

Territory Code	Territory Name	Column	Changes		Remark
Territory Code	Territory Name	Column	Old value	New Value	Remark
BL	Saint Barthelemy	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added territory (Details)
ME	Montenegro	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added territory (Details)
MF	Ghana Cedi	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added territory (Details)
RS	Serbia	All columns	n/a	n/a	Newly added territory (Details)
FR	France	DESCRIPTION	French Republic (comprises Metropolitan France, French Guiana, Guadeluope, Martinique, Reunion, Mayotte, Saint Pierre, Miquelon, French Polynesia, French Southern Territories, New Caldonia, and Wallis and Futuna)	French Republic (includes French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion, Mayotte, St. Barthelemy, St. Martin, St. Pierre, Miquelon, French Polynesia, French Southern Territories, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna, Clipperton Island)	Description change (Details)
GP	Guadeloupe	DESCRIPTION	Guadeloupe (includes la Desirade, Marie-Galante, les Saintes, Saint-Barthelemy, and nirthern Saint Martin)	Guadeloupe (includes la Desirade, Marie-Galante, les Saintes)	Description change (Details)
RE	Reunion	DESCRIPTION	Reunion (includes Basses da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, Tromelin Island which form the French scattered Indian Ocean Islands)	Reunion	Description change (Details)
PF	French Polynesia	DESCRIPTION	French Polynesia (comprises Austral Islands, Gambier Islands, Marquesas Islands, Society Archipelago (principal island Tahiti), Tuamotu Islands and includes Clipperton Island)	French Polynesia (comprises Austral Islands, Gambier Islands, Marquesas Islands, Society Archipelago (principal island Tahiti), Tuamotu Islands)	Description change (Details)
TF	French Southern Territories	DESCRIPTION	French Southern Territories (comprises Amsterdam Island, Crozet Archipelago, Kerguelen Islands, and Saint-Paul Island)	French Southern Territories (comprises Amsterdam Island, Crozet Archipelago, Kerguelen Islands, St. Paul Island, Indian Ocean Islands formed by Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, Tromelin Island)	Description change (Details)

查看全文

相关阅读:
代码习惯
 全网最详细的fhq treap （非旋treap）讲解
 按位或「HAOI2015」
列队「NOIP2017」
愤怒的小鸟「NOIP2016」
能量传输「CSP多校联考 2019」
矿物运输「CSP多校联考 2019」
普通打击「CSP多校联考 2019」
普通快乐「CSP多校联考 2019」
BZOJ4385: [POI2015]Wilcze doły

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/wanghang/p/6299021.html

Globalization Guide for Oracle Applications Release 12

Section 1. Overview

Audience

Terminology

National Language Support (NLS)

Multiple Language Support (MLS)

NLS_LANG

Base Language and Installed Languages

Unicode

Locale

Localizations

Personalizations

Date Formatting

Number Formatting

NLS Patches

Translation Synchronization Patch

Lightweight MLS

Lightweight-only Language

Related Documents

Section 2. Installing

Oracle Applications Internationalization Architecture

Tiers and character sets

Planning the implementation

Usage Requirement Analysis

System Requirements Analysis

Language and Character set Requirements Analysis

Database Tier - Oracle Database Character Set

Oracle Database Language Codes, Translated Technologies, and Character Sets

Notes on Table

Lightweight-only languages

Notes on Table

Application Tier (Middle Tier) - APPL_TOP Character Set and ICX_CLIENT_IANA_ENCODING

Client Tier (Desktop Tier) - FND_NATIVE_CLIENT_ENCODING

Database Sort Order

Multilingual Table Structure

How MLS tables are populated

Related Documents

Section 3. Configuring

Preferences

Profile options and NLS parameters

Configuring Oracle Portal

Configuring UNIX for Concurrent Programs

Configuring Oracle Portal

Section 4. Maintaining

Adding Languages and Performing Character Set Conversion

Character Set Conversion

Maintenance Utilities

Related Guides

For Release 12.1.3 and earlier:

Related Guides

Section 5. Using Oracle Applications

Browser preferences

User names and Passwords

Operating System Locale

General Preferences

Data Export Control

Section 6. Customizing

Oracle Application Framework

OANLSServices

Section 7. Translating

Customer Translations

Translating Data

Translating OAF Personalizations

Batch Translations

Translating Setup Data using Forms

Section 8. Troubleshooting

General Language Support Troubleshooting Steps

Which languages are in use?

What is the database character set?

What are the NLS parameters set to?

What is the version of internationalization Java library?

Have any patches been applied?

Profile options script

Troubleshooting unique constraint violations

Troubleshooting applying NLS patches

Troubleshooting Forms

Troubleshooting Reports

Restrictions in Oracle Reports-based reports

References

Question Marks on Reports migrated from Windows to UNIX