smarty手册smarty中foreach循环语句详解 狼人:

原文地址：smarty手册-smarty中foreach循环语句详解作者：谭博

• {foreach}循环也有自身属性的变量，可以通过{$smarty.foreach.name.property}访问，其中"name"是name属性。

Note: The name attribute is only required when you want to access a {foreach} property, unlike {section}. Accessing a {foreach} property with name undefined does not throw an error, but leads to unpredictable results instead.

注意：name属性仅在需要访问{foreach}属性时有效，与{section}不同。访问未定义name的{foreach}属性不会抛出一个错误，但将导致不可预知的结果。

• {foreach} properties are index, iteration, first, last, show, total.
• {foreach}属性有index, iteration, first, last, show, total.

Example 7-5. The item attribute
例 7-5. item属性

<?php $arr = array(1000, 1001, 1002); $smarty->assign('myArray', $arr); ?>

Template to output $myArray in an un-ordered list
用模板以无序列表输出$myArray

<ul> {foreach from=$myArray item=foo} <li>{$foo}</li> {/foreach} </ul>

The above example will output:
上例将输出：

<ul> <li>1000</li> <li>1001</li> <li>1002</li> </ul>

Example 7-6. Demonstrates the item and key attributes
例 7-6. 演示item和key属性

<?php $arr = array(9 => 'Tennis', 3 => 'Swimming', 8 => 'Coding'); $smarty->assign('myArray', $arr); ?>

Template to output $myArray as key/val pair, like PHP's foreach.
用模板按键名/键值对的形式输出$myArray, 类似于PHP的foreach。

<ul> {foreach from=$myArray key=k item=v} <li>{$k}: {$v}</li> {/foreach} </ul>

The above example will output:
上例将输出：

<ul> <li>9: Tennis</li> <li>3: Swimming</li> <li>8: Coding</li> </ul>

Example 7-7. {foreach} with associative item attribute
例 7-7. {foreach}的item属性是关联数组

<?php $items_list = array(23 => array('no' => 2456, 'label' => 'Salad'), 96 => array('no' => 4889, 'label' => 'Cream') ); $smarty->assign('items', $items_list); ?>

Template to output $items with $myId in the url
模板中，url通过$myId输出$items

<ul> {foreach from=$items key=myId item=i} <li><a href="item.php?id={$myId}">{$i.no}: {$i.label}</li> {/foreach} </ul>

The above example will output:
上例将输出：

<ul> <li><a href="item.php?id=23">2456: Salad</li> <li><a href="item.php?id=96">4889: Cream</li> </ul>

Example 7-8. {foreach} with nested item and key
例 7-8. {foreach}使用嵌套的item和key
Assign an array to Smarty, the key contains the key for each looped value.
向Smarty设置一个数组，对于每个键名对应的每个循环值都包括键。

<?php $smarty->assign('contacts', array( array('phone' => '1', 'fax' => '2', 'cell' => '3'), array('phone' => '555-4444', 'fax' => '555-3333', 'cell' => '760-1234') )); ?>

The template to output $contact.
用于输出$contact的模板。

{foreach name=outer item=contact from=$contacts} <hr /> {foreach key=key item=item from=$contact} {$key}: {$item}<br /> {/foreach} {/foreach}

The above example will output:
上例将输出：

<hr /> phone: 1<br /> fax: 2<br /> cell: 3<br /> <hr /> phone: 555-4444<br /> fax: 555-3333<br /> cell: 760-1234<br />

Example 7-9. Database example with {foreachelse}
例 7-9. 使用{foreachelse}的数据库示例
A database (eg PEAR or ADODB) example of a search script, the query results assigned to Smarty
一个数据库（例如PEAR或ADODB）的搜索脚本示例，

<?php $search_condition = "where name like '$foo%' "; $sql = 'select contact_id, name, nick from contacts '.$search_condition.' order by name'; $smarty->assign('results', $db->getAssoc($sql) ); ?>

The template which display "None found" if no results with {foreachelse}.
借助{foreachelse}标记在没有结果时模板输出"None found"字样。

{foreach key=cid item=con from=$results} <a href="contact.php?contact_id={$cid}">{$con.name} - {$con.nick}</a><br /> {foreachelse} No items were found in the search {/foreach}

.index

index contains the current array index, starting with zero.
.index包含当前数组索引，从零开始。

Example 7-10. index example
例 7-10. index示例

{* The header block is output every five rows *} {* 每五行输出一次头部区块 *} <table> {foreach from=$items key=myId item=i name=foo} {if $smarty.foreach.foo.index % 5 == 0} <tr><th>Title</th></tr> {/if} <tr><td>{$i.label}</td></tr> {/foreach} </table>

.iteration

iteration contains the current loop iteration and always starts at one, unlike index. It is incremented by one on each iteration.
iteration包含当前循环次数，与index不同，从1开始，每次循环增长1。

Example 7-11. iteration and index example
例 7-11. iteration和index示例

{* this will output 0|1, 1|2, 2|3, ... etc *} {* 该例将输出0|1, 1|2, 2|3, ... 等等 *} {foreach from=$myArray item=i name=foo} {$smarty.foreach.foo.index}|{$smarty.foreach.foo.iteration}, {/foreach}

.first

first is TRUE if the current {foreach} iteration is the initial one.
first在当前{foreach}循环处于初始位置时值为TRUE。

Example 7-12. first property example
例 7-12. first属性示例

{* show LATEST on the first item, otherwise the id *} {* 对于第一个条目显示LATEST而不是id *} <table> {foreach from=$items key=myId item=i name=foo} <tr> <td>{if $smarty.foreach.foo.first}LATEST{else}{$myId}{/if}</td> <td>{$i.label}</td> </tr> {/foreach} </table>

.last

last is set to TRUE if the current {foreach} iteration is the final one.
last在当前{foreach}循环处于最终位置是值为TRUE。

Example 7-13. last property example
例 7-13. last属性示例

{* Add horizontal rule at end of list *} {* 在列表结束时增加一个水平标记 *}) {foreach from=$items key=part_id item=prod name=products} <a href="#{$part_id}">{$prod}</a>{if $smarty.foreach.products.last}<hr>{else},{/if} {foreachelse} ... content ... {/foreach}

.show

show is used as a parameter to {foreach}. show is a boolean value. If FALSE, the {foreach} will not be displayed. If there is a {foreachelse} present, that will be alternately displayed.
show是{foreach}的参数. show是一个布尔值。如果值为FALSE，{foreach}将不被显示。如果有对应的{foreachelse}，将被显示。

.total

total contains the number of iterations that this {foreach} will loop. This can be used inside or after the {foreach}.
total包括{foreach}将循环的次数，既可以在{foreach}中使用，也可以在之后使用。

Example 7-14. total property example
例 7-14. total属性示例

{* show rows returned at end *} {* 在结束位置显示行数 *} {foreach from=$items key=part_id item=prod name=foo} {$prod.name><hr/> {if $smarty.foreach.foo.last} <div id="total">{$smarty.foreach.foo.total} items</div> {/if} {foreachelse} ... something else ... {/foreach}