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  • Apache Sentry安装及简单使用

    1 环境描述

    三台hadoop集群，分别是master、slave1和slave2。下面是这三台机器的软件分布：

    • master：NameNode、ZK、HiveMetaSotre、HiveServer2、SentryServer
    • slave1：DataNode、ZK
    • slave2：DataNode、ZK

    2 软件需求

    1. MySql
    2. mysql-jdbc.jar：mysql-connector-java-5.1.38-bin.jar
    3. Hadoop
    4. Hive1.1.0：apache-hive-1.1.0-bin.tar.gz
    5. Sentry1.6.0：apache-sentry-1.6.0-incubating-bin.tar.gz
      注意：这里的Sentry1.6.0版本对应的是Hive1.1.0版本，目前还不支持Hive1.2及以上版本。

    3 软件安装

    3.1 MySql安装

    • 在线安装：sudo apt-get install mysql-server。
    • 修改文件：vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf，内容如下：
    #bind-address           = 127.0.0.1
bind-address            = 0.0.0.0
    • 重启mysql：service mysql restart

    3.2 Hadoop安装

    此处省略

    3.2 Hive安装

    此处省略

    创建hive的元数据mysql数据库
create database hive;
CREATE USER hive IDENTIFIED BY 'hive';
GRANT all ON hive.* TO hive@'%' IDENTIFIED BY'hive';
flush privileges;

    3.3 Sentry安装

    1. 解压安装

    tar -zxvf apache-sentry-1.6.0-incubating-bin.tar.gz -C /opt

    2. 修改sentry的配置文件(sentry-site.xml)

    mv apache-sentry-1.6.0-incubating-bin apache-sentry-1.6.0
cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.38-bin.jar /opt/apache-sentry-1.6.0/lib
cd /opt/apache-sentry-1.6.0/conf
vim sentry-site.xml

    3. 修改sentry-sitem.xml文件

    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    2. <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
    4. <configuration> 
    5.   <property> 
    6.     <name>sentry.service.admin.group</name>  
    7.     <value>admin</value> 
    8.   </property>  
    9.   <property> 
    10.     <name>sentry.service.allow.connect</name>  
    11.     <value>hive,admin</value> 
    12.   </property>  
    13.   <property> 
    14.     <name>sentry.service.reporting</name>  
    15.     <value>JMX</value> 
    16.   </property>  
    17.   <property> 
    18.     <name>sentry.service.server.rpc-address</name>  
    19.     <value>192.168.70.110</value> 
    20.   </property>  
    21.   <property> 
    22.     <name>sentry.service.server.rpc-port</name>  
    23.     <value>8038</value> 
    24.   </property>  
    25.   <property> 
    26.     <name>sentry.store.group.mapping</name>  
    27.     <value>org.apache.sentry.provider.common.HadoopGroupMappingService</value> 
    28.   </property>  
    29.   <property> 
    30.     <name>sentry.hive.server</name>  
    31.     <value>server1</value> 
    32.   </property>  
    33.   <!-- 配置Webserver -->  
    34.   <property> 
    35.     <name>sentry.service.web.enable</name>  
    36.     <value>true</value> 
    37.   </property>  
    38.   <property> 
    39.     <name>sentry.service.web.port</name>  
    40.     <value>51000</value> 
    41.   </property>  
    42.   <property> 
    43.     <name>sentry.service.web.authentication.type</name>  
    44.     <value>NONE</value> 
    45.   </property>  
    46.   <property> 
    47.     <name>sentry.service.web.authentication.kerberos.principal</name>  
    48.     <value> </value> 
    49.   </property>  
    50.   <property> 
    51.     <name>sentry.service.web.authentication.kerberos.keytab</name>  
    52.     <value> </value> 
    53.   </property>  
    54.   <!--配置认证-->  
    55.   <property> 
    56.     <name>sentry.service.security.mode</name>  
    57.     <value>none</value> 
    58.   </property>  
    59.   <property> 
    60.     <name>sentry.service.server.principal</name>  
    61.     <value> </value> 
    62.   </property>  
    63.   <property> 
    64.     <name>sentry.service.server.keytab</name>  
    65.     <value> </value> 
    66.   </property>  
    67.   <!-- 配置Jdbc -->  
    68.   <property> 
    69.     <name>sentry.store.jdbc.url</name>  
    70.     <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.70.110:3306/sentry</value> 
    71.   </property>  
    72.   <property> 
    73.     <name>sentry.store.jdbc.driver</name>  
    74.     <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> 
    75.   </property>  
    76.   <property> 
    77.     <name>sentry.store.jdbc.user</name>  
    78.     <value>sentry</value> 
    79.   </property>  
    80.   <property> 
    81.     <name>sentry.store.jdbc.password</name>  
    82.     <value>sentry</value> 
    83.   </property> 
    84. </configuration>

    4. 配置环境变量
    编辑vim /etc/profile

    export SENTRY_HOME=/opt/apache-sentry-1.6.0
export PATH=${SENTRY_HOME}/bin:$PATH

    使生效source /etc/profile
    5. 在mysql中创建sentry数据库

    create database sentry;
CREATE USER sentry IDENTIFIED BY 'sentry';
GRANT all ON sentry.* TO sentry@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sentry';
flush privileges;

    6. 将mysql-jdbc的jar包拷贝到sentry/lib目录下

    cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.38-bin.jar  ${SENTRY_HOME}/lib

    7. 替换hadoop中jline的jar包

    rm ${HADOOP_HOME}/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jline-0.9.94.jar
cp ${SENTRY_HOME}/lib/jline-2.12.jar ${HADOOP_HOME}/share/hadoop/yarn/lib

    8. 初始化sentry数据库

    sentry --command schema-tool --conffile  ${SENTRY_HOME}/conf/sentry-site.xml --dbType mysql --initSchema

    9. 启动sentry服务

    sentry --command service --conffile  ${SENTRY_HOME}/conf/sentry-site.xml

    4 Hive集成Sentry

    1. 修改hive-site.xml配置文件

    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    2. <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
    4. <configuration> 
    5.   <property> 
    6.     <name>hive.sentry.conf.url</name>  
    7.     <value>file:///opt/apache-hive-1.1.0/conf/sentry-site.xml</value> 
    8.   </property> 
    9.   <!-- 配置开关控制列访问权限 -->  
    10.   <property> 
    11.     <name>hive.stats.collect.scancols</name>  
    12.     <value>true</value> 
    13.   </property>   
    14.   <!-- Hive Metastore集成Sentry -->  
    15.   <property> 
    16.     <name>hive.metastore.pre.event.listeners</name>  
    17.     <value>org.apache.sentry.binding.metastore.MetastoreAuthzBinding</value> 
    18.   </property>  
    19.   <property> 
    20.     <name>hive.metastore.event.listeners</name>  
    21.     <value>org.apache.sentry.binding.metastore.SentryMetastorePostEventListener</value> 
    22.   </property>  
    23.   <!-- Hive Server2集成Sentry -->  
    24.   <property> 
    25.     <name>hive.server2.session.hook</name>  
    26.     <value>org.apache.sentry.binding.hive.HiveAuthzBindingSessionHook</value> 
    27.   </property>  
    28.   <property> 
    29.     <name>hive.security.authorization.task.factory</name>  
    30.     <value>org.apache.sentry.binding.hive.SentryHiveAuthorizationTaskFactoryImpl</value> 
    31.   </property>  
    32.   <!-- 设置mysql-jdbc -->  
    33.   <property> 
    34.     <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>  
    35.     <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.70.110:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value> 
    36.   </property>  
    37.   <property> 
    38.     <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>  
    39.     <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> 
    40.   </property>  
    41.   <property> 
    42.     <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>  
    43.     <value>hive</value> 
    44.   </property>  
    45.   <property> 
    46.     <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>  
    47.     <value>hive</value> 
    48.   </property> 
    49. </configuration>

    2. 修改sentry-site.xml配置文件
    注意：该文件是在hive/conf目录下的，不要和sentry/conf目录下的sentry-site.xml文件混淆！

    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    2. <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
    4. <configuration> 
    5.   <property> 
    6.     <name>sentry.service.client.server.rpc-address</name>  
    7.     <value>192.168.70.110</value> 
    8.   </property>  
    9.   <property> 
    10.     <name>sentry.service.client.server.rpc-port</name>  
    11.     <value>8038</value> 
    12.   </property>  
    13.   <property> 
    14.     <name>sentry.service.client.server.rpc-connection-timeout</name>  
    15.     <value>200000</value> 
    16.   </property>  
    17.   <!--配置认证-->  
    18.   <property> 
    19.     <name>sentry.service.security.mode</name>  
    20.     <value>none</value> 
    21.   </property>  
    22.   <property> 
    23.     <name>sentry.service.server.principal</name>  
    24.     <value> </value> 
    25.   </property>  
    26.   <property> 
    27.     <name>sentry.service.server.keytab</name>  
    28.     <value> </value> 
    29.   </property>  
    30.   <property> 
    31.     <name>sentry.provider</name>  
    32.     <value>org.apache.sentry.provider.file.HadoopGroupResourceAuthorizationProvider</value> 
    33.   </property>  
    34.   <property> 
    35.     <name>sentry.hive.provider.backend</name>  
    36.     <value>org.apache.sentry.provider.db.SimpleDBProviderBackend</value> 
    37.   </property>  
    38.   <property> 
    39.     <name>sentry.metastore.service.users</name>  
    40.     <value>hive</value>  
    41.     <!--queries made by hive user (beeline) skip meta store check--> 
    42.   </property>  
    43.   <property> 
    44.     <name>sentry.hive.server</name>  
    45.     <value>server1</value> 
    46.   </property>  
    47.   <property> 
    48.     <name>sentry.hive.testing.mode</name>  
    49.     <value>true</value> 
    50.   </property> 
    51. </configuration>

    3. 拷贝sentry/lib下的jar包到hive/lib目录下

    cp ${SENTRY_HOME}/lib/sentry*.jar ${HIVE_HOME}/lib
cp ${SENTRY_HOME}/lib/shiro-*.jar ${HIVE_HOME}/lib

    注意：shiro-*.jar一定也要拷贝过去，否则会报错。
    4. 修改Hive在HDFS上的文件权限

    hadoop fs -chown -R hive:hive /user/hive/warehouse
hadoop fs -chmod -R 770 /user/hive/warehouse

    由于HDFS上文件是hive：hive权限，所以linux用户上能
    5. 启动Hive Metastore服务

    hive --service metastore -hiveconf hive.root.logger=DEBUG,console

    6. 启动Hive Server2服务

    hive --service hiveserver2 -hiveconf hive.root.logger=DEBUG,console

    5 Hive权限验证

    5.1 准备测试数据

    • 创建测试数据文件：vim /tmp/events.csv，内容如下：
    10.1.2.3,US,android,createNote
10.200.88.99,FR,windows,updateNote
10.1.2.3,US,android,updateNote
10.200.88.77,FR,ios,createNote
10.1.4.5,US,windows,updateTag
    • 然后，在hive中运行下面sql语句（注意：以hive用户启动hive命令）：
    1. create database sensitive;
    2. create table sensitive.events (ip STRING, country STRING, client STRING, action STRING) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';
    3. load data local inpath '/tmp/events.csv' overwrite into table sensitive.events;
    5. create database filtered;
    6. create view filtered.events as select country, client, action from sensitive.events;
    7. create view filtered.events_usonly as select * from filtered.events where country = 'US';
    • 在master上通过 beeline 连接 hiveserver2，运行下面命令创建角色和组：
    beeline -u "jdbc:hive2://master:10000/" -n admin -p admin -d org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver
    • 在beelin中执行下面的 sql 语句创建 role、group等：
    1. create role admin_role;
    2. GRANT ALL ON SERVER server1 TO ROLE admin_role;
    3. GRANT ROLE admin_role TO GROUP admin;
    5. create role test_role;
    6. GRANT ALL ON DATABASE filtered TO ROLE test_role;
    7. use sensitive;
    8. GRANT SELECT(ip) on TABLE sensitive.events TO ROLE test_role;
    9. GRANT ROLE test_role TO GROUP test;

    上面创建了两个角色：

    • admin_role，具有管理员权限，可以读写所有数据库，并授权给 admin 和 hive 组（对应操作系统上的组）
    • test_role，只能读写 filtered 数据库，和只能读取sensitive库中events 表中的ip字段，并授权给 test 组。

    因为系统上没有test用户和组，所以需要手动创建：useradd test

    5.2 测试

    5.2.1 测试admin_role角色

    使用admin用户访问beelin：

    beeline -u "jdbc:hive2://master:10000/" -n admin -p admin -d org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver

    admin用户属于admin_role组，具有管理员权限，可以查看所有角色：

    0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> show roles;
+-------------+--+
|    role     |
+-------------+--+
| admin_role  |
| test_role   |
+-------------+--+
2 rows selected (0.251 seconds)

    查看所有权限：

    0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> show grant role admin_role;
+-----------+--------+------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+---------------+-------------------+----------+--+
| database  | table  | partition  | column  | principal_name  | principal_type  | privilege  | grant_option  |    grant_time     | grantor  |
+-----------+--------+------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+---------------+-------------------+----------+--+
| *         |        |            |         | admin_role      | ROLE            | *          | false         | 1461507543582000  | --       |
+-----------+--------+------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+---------------+-------------------+----------+--+
1 row selected (0.111 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> show grant role test_role;
+------------+---------+------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+---------------+-------------------+----------+--+
|  database  |  table  | partition  | column  | principal_name  | principal_type  | privilege  | grant_option  |    grant_time     | grantor  |
+------------+---------+------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+---------------+-------------------+----------+--+
| sensitive  | events  |            | ip      | test_role       | ROLE            | select     | false         | 1461558337008000  | --       |
| filtered   |         |            |         | test_role       | ROLE            | *          | false         | 1461557354579000  | --       |
+------------+---------+------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+---------------+-------------------+----------+--+
2 rows selected (0.111 seconds)

    hive用户可以查看所有数据库、访问所有表：

    0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> show databases;
+----------------+--+
| database_name  |
+----------------+--+
| default        |
| filtered       |
| sensitive      |
+----------------+--+
3 rows selected (0.142 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> use filtered;
No rows affected (0.144 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> select * from filtered.events;
+-----------------+----------------+----------------+--+
| events.country  | events.client  | events.action  |
+-----------------+----------------+----------------+--+
| US              | android        | createNote     |
| FR              | windows        | updateNote     |
| US              | android        | updateNote     |
| FR              | ios            | createNote     |
| US              | windows        | updateTag      |
+-----------------+----------------+----------------+--+
5 rows selected (0.458 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> select * from sensitive.events;
+---------------+-----------------+----------------+----------------+--+
|   events.ip   | events.country  | events.client  | events.action  |
+---------------+-----------------+----------------+----------------+--+
| 10.1.2.3      | US              | android        | createNote     |
| 10.200.88.99  | FR              | windows        | updateNote     |
| 10.1.2.3      | US              | android        | updateNote     |
| 10.200.88.77  | FR              | ios            | createNote     |
| 10.1.4.5      | US              | windows        | updateTag      |
+---------------+-----------------+----------------+----------------+--+
5 rows selected (0.731 seconds)

    5.2.2 测试test_role角色

    使用test用户访问beeline：

    beeline -u "jdbc:hive2://master:10000/" -n test -p test -d org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver

    test用户不是管理员，是不能查看所有角色的：

    0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> show roles;
ERROR : Error processing Sentry command: Access denied to test.Please grant admin privilege to test.
Error: Error while processing statement: FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.SentryGrantRevokeTask. SentryAccessDeniedException: Access denied to test (state=08S01,code=1)

    test用户可以列出所有数据库：

    0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> show databases;
+----------------+--+
| database_name  |
+----------------+--+
| default        |
| filtered       |
| sensitive      |
+----------------+--+

    test用户可以filtered库：

    0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> use filtered;
No rows affected (0.256 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> select * from events;
+-----------------+----------------+----------------+--+
| events.country  | events.client  | events.action  |
+-----------------+----------------+----------------+--+
| US              | android        | createNote     |
| FR              | windows        | updateNote     |
| US              | android        | updateNote     |
| FR              | ios            | createNote     |
| US              | windows        | updateTag      |
+-----------------+----------------+----------------+--+
5 rows selected (0.199 seconds)

    test用户只能查看sensitive库中events表中的ip字段，其他的都都无法查看：

    0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> use sensitive;
No rows affected (0.112 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> select * from events;
Error: Error while compiling statement: FAILED: SemanticException No valid privileges
 User test does not have privileges for QUERY (state=42000,code=40000)
0: jdbc:hive2://master:10000/> select ip from events;
+---------------+--+
|      ip       |
+---------------+--+
| 10.1.2.3      |
| 10.200.88.99  |
| 10.1.2.3      |
| 10.200.88.77  |
| 10.1.4.5      |
+---------------+--+
5 rows selected (0.176 seconds)




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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaojun9/p/2efd58c794ed7049cb863b0ace8565c9.html
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