Linux下的启动oracle服务 启动监听 开放端口操作

尝试登录oracle

使用root用户将没有sqlplus命令

[root@localhost ~]# sqlplus /nolog

bash: sqlplus: 未找到命令...

 

 

[root@localhost ~]# su oracle

[oracle@localhost root]$ sqlplus /nolog

bash: sqlplus: 未找到命令...

 

 

切换为oracle账户尝试登录oracle 此处的/和as之间要有空格 而且只有用oracle账户登录才能生效 否则会提示输入账号密码。

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 26 22:56:08 2017

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connected to an idle instance.

 

发现oracle没有启动

SQL> select 1 from dual;

select 1 from dual

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01034: ORACLE not available

Process ID: 0

Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

 

启动oracle

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  839282688 bytes

Fixed Size    2217992 bytes

Variable Size  494929912 bytes

Database Buffers  335544320 bytes

Redo Buffers    6590464 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> select 1 from dual;

 

1

----------

1

 

查看开放的端口没有1521

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@localhost ~]$ nmap 127.0.0.1

 

Starting Nmap 6.40 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2017-05-26 22:57 CST

Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1)

Host is up (0.0011s latency).

Not shown: 996 closed ports

PORT    STATE SERVICE

22/tcp  open  ssh

25/tcp  open  smtp

111/tcp open  rpcbind

631/tcp open  ipp

 

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.10 seconds

 

查看oracle监听的状态发现监听没有开启

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status

 

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 26-MAY-2017 22:58:03

 

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

TNS-12541: TNS:no listener

 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error

  TNS-00511: No listener

   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused

 

开启监听

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start  

 

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 26-MAY-2017 22:58:11

 

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Starting /u01/oracle/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

 

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

System parameter file is /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to /u01/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

 

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                26-MAY-2017 22:58:11

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /u01/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully

 

再次查看端口已经有了1521

[root@localhost oracle]# nmap 127.0.0.1

Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1)

Host is up (0.000043s latency).

Not shown: 995 closed ports

PORT     STATE SERVICE

22/tcp   open  ssh

25/tcp   open  smtp

111/tcp  open  rpcbind

631/tcp  open  ipp

1521/tcp open  oracle

 

但是在虚拟机外部仍然无法联通，telnet 1521端口失败，怀疑是防火墙，然后修改防火墙的配置文件解决。修改防火墙参考：http://blog.csdn.net/barryxt/article/details/18040335

 

 

在修改防火墙配置的时候，发现了一个问题。即使在/etc/sysconfig/iptables里配置了防火墙规则，在系统启动的时候是不生效的，要执行重启命令service iptables restart才能生效，否则读取的不是/etc/sysconfig/iptables的配置，而是系统的默认配置，如下：

此时是默认化配置吧？只有22.

[root@localhost oracle]#  iptables -nL
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
INPUT_direct  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
INPUT_ZONES  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_direct  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_IN_ZONES  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_OUT_ZONES  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
OUTPUT_direct  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          

Chain FORWARD_IN_ZONES (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
FWDI_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
FWDI_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

Chain FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FORWARD_OUT_ZONES (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
FWDO_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
FWDO_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

Chain FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FORWARD_direct (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDI_public (2 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
FWDI_public_log  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FWDI_public_deny  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FWDI_public_allow  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          

Chain FWDI_public_allow (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDI_public_deny (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDI_public_log (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDO_public (2 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
FWDO_public_log  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FWDO_public_deny  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FWDO_public_allow  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          

Chain FWDO_public_allow (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDO_public_deny (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDO_public_log (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain INPUT_ZONES (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
IN_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
IN_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

Chain INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain INPUT_direct (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain IN_public (2 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
IN_public_log  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
IN_public_deny  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
IN_public_allow  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          

Chain IN_public_allow (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:22 ctstate NEW

Chain IN_public_deny (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain IN_public_log (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain OUTPUT_direct (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

重启一下：

[root@localhost oracle]# service iptables restart

此处就是配置文件里的配置了：
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart  iptables.service
[root@localhost oracle]#  iptables -n -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state NEW tcp dpt:22
ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state NEW tcp dpt:1521
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination