一、课程记录和学习记录
1.初始化 course_record, study_record.
2.学习记录
3.录入成绩
4.显示成绩 ajax 查询 柱状图展示成绩 highcharts
5.上传作业(os模块)
6.下载作业
二、配置study_record
1、给学习记录配置自定义配置
class StudyConfig(ModelStark): def display_record(self, obj=None, header=False): if header: return "签到" return obj.get_record_display() # 存的值对应的中文 def display_score(self, obj=None, header=False): if header: return "成绩" return obj.get_score_display() # 存的值对应的中文 list_display = ["student", "course_record", display_record, display_score] site.register(StudyRecord, StudentConfig)
不取字段值而是拼上get和display取存的值对应的中文。
2、修改ModelStark中get_body方法全局处理记录对象包含choices情况
在models中choices对应的是一个元组。
class ShowList(object): """展示页面类""" def get_body(self): """构建表单数据""" """代码省略""" # 针对choices属性 if field_obj.choices: val = getattr(obj, "get_" + field + "_display") else: val = getattr(obj, field) # 拿到的关联对象 处理不了多对多 ##################自定义配置############# class StudyConfig(ModelStark): list_display = ["student", "course_record", "record", "score"] site.register(StudyRecord, StudentConfig)
录入学习记录:
三、批量生成学习记录
1、定制CourseRecod批量功能
class CourseRecordConfig(ModelStark): list_display = ["class_obj", "day_num", "teacher"] def patch_studyRecord(self, request, queryset): print("=====>",queryset) """ 提交批量操作获取的queryset <QuerySet [<CourseRecord: python基础(9期) day94>, <CourseRecord: python基础(9期) day95>]> """ temp = [] for course_record in queryset: # 过滤出班级所有的学生 学生表classlist关联班级表 student_list = Student.objects.filter(class_list__id=course_record.class_obj.pk) # 学生的班级id和课程记录班级的id进行比对 拿到班级所有的学生 for student in student_list: # 拿到学生对象 obj = StudyRecord(student=student, course_record=course_record) temp.append(obj) StudyRecord.objects.bulk_create(temp) # 批量插入 actions = [patch_studyRecord, ] patch_studyRecord.short_description = "批量生产学习记录" """ def get_action_list(self): # 获取自定义批量操作 temp = [] for action in self.actions: temp.append({ "name": action.__name__, # 函数.__name__:拿到函数名 "desc": action.short_description }) # [{"name": "patch_init", "desc": "批量处理"}] return temp """ site.register(CourseRecord, CourseRecordConfig)
注意
(1)批量插入操作:
StudyRecord.objects.bulk_create(temp)
(2)跨表查询班级所有的学生
# 过滤出班级所有的学生 学生表classlist关联班级表 student_list = Student.objects.filter(class_list__id=course_record.class_obj.pk) # 学生的班级id和课程记录班级的id进行比对 拿到班级所有的学生
过滤course_record关联的班级对应的所有的学生。
(3)批量操作别名描述short_description
这是由于在Modelstark中源码get_action_list有关于action别名的配置:
def get_action_list(self): # 获取自定义批量操作 temp = [] for action in self.actions: temp.append({ "name": action.__name__, # 函数.__name__:拿到函数名 "desc": action.short_description }) # [{"name": "patch_init", "desc": "批量处理"}] return temp
2、批量生成学习记录
学习记录生产成功:
四、学习记录筛选查看
1、studyrecord/?course_record=%s过滤
根据课程记录来过滤学习记录,这个需要修改service/stark.py中的get_filter_condition。因为这个其实也是一种filter过滤,但并没有写在filter_list中。
class ModelStark(object): def get_filter_condition(self, request): """拿到过滤条件""" filter_condition = Q() # 默认查询条件为且 and for filter_field, val in request.GET.items(): # 过滤字段、查询的值 去除fitler_field拼接的__id # if filter_field in self.list_filter: # 仅限过滤使用,只处理filter过滤列表的键值 if filter_field != "page": # (分页等排除) ?page=2&course_record=1 filter_condition.children.append((filter_field, val)) # 添加的是一个元组 return filter_condition
修改后仅排除了?page=1这样的情况,可以在页面上访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/stark/crm/studyrecord/?course_record=2拿到过滤结果:
2、添加按钮实现条件过滤查看
class CourseRecordConfig(ModelStark): # 定制一栏新的表格 def record(self, obj=None, header=False): if header: return "checked" return mark_safe("<a href='/stark/crm/studyrecord/?course_record=%s'>记录</a>" % obj.pk) # mark_safe取消转义 list_display = ["class_obj", "day_num", "teacher", record] def patch_studyRecord(self, request, queryset): temp = [] for course_record in queryset: # 过滤course_record关联的班级对应的所有的学生 学生表classlist关联班级表 student_list = Student.objects.filter(class_list__id=course_record.class_obj.pk) # 学生的班级id和课程记录班级的id进行比对 拿到班级所有的学生 for student in student_list: # 拿到学生对象 obj = StudyRecord(student=student, course_record=course_record) temp.append(obj) StudyRecord.objects.bulk_create(temp) # 批量插入 actions = [patch_studyRecord, ] patch_studyRecord.short_description = "批量生产学习记录" site.register(CourseRecord, CourseRecordConfig)
课程记录页面:
点击记录跳转学习记录页面:
五、考勤点名
给学习记录订制迟到批量操作
class StudyConfig(ModelStark): list_display = ["student", "course_record", "record", "score"] def patch_late(self, request, queryset): queryset.update(record="late") patch_late.short_description = "迟到" actions = [patch_late, ] site.register(StudyRecord, StudyConfig)
批量调整上课记录为迟到:
六、录入成绩
1、在课程记录页面添加录入成绩栏(扩展新的url)
class CourseRecordConfig(ModelStark): def score(self, request, course_record_id): return HttpResponse("score") def extra_url(self): """扩展考勤记录url""" temp = [] temp.append(url(r"record_score/(d+)", self.score)) return temp # 定制一栏新的表格 def record(self, obj=None, header=False): if header: return "考勤" return mark_safe("<a href='/stark/crm/studyrecord/?course_record=%s'>记录</a>" % obj.pk) # mark_safe取消转义 def record_score(self, obj=None, header=False): if header: return "录入成绩" # http://127.0.0.1:8000/stark/crm/studyrecord/?course_record=1 CourseRecord主键值 return mark_safe("<a href='record_score/%s'>录入成绩</a>" % obj.pk) list_display = ["class_obj", "day_num", "teacher", record, record_score] def patch_studyRecord(self, request, queryset): """代码省略"""
注意:
(1)定制record_score函数添加录入成绩项目栏
def record_score(self, obj=None, header=False): if header: return "录入成绩" # http://127.0.0.1:8000/stark/crm/studyrecord/?course_record=1 CourseRecord主键值 return mark_safe("<a href='record_score/%s'>录入成绩</a>" % obj.pk)
(2)定制录入成绩扩展路由和视图
def score(self, request, course_record_id): return HttpResponse("score") def extra_url(self): """扩展考勤记录url""" temp = [] temp.append(url(r"record_score/(d+)", self.score)) return temp
(3)测试验证
点击录入成绩,跳转对应页面:
2、处理score视图函数
class CourseRecordConfig(ModelStark): def score(self, request, course_record_id): study_record_list = StudyRecord.objects.filter(course_record=course_record_id) # 过滤出对应课程(哪个班级哪一天)的学习记录 score_choices = StudyRecord.score_choices return render(request, "score.html", locals())
注意:
(1)study_record_list拿到对应课程的学习记录(哪一天哪个班级)
(2)score_choices拿到StudyRecord的score_choices字段内容传递给模板
3、构建录入成绩页面
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="/static/js/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <h3>录入成绩</h3> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 col-md-offset-1"> <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <thead> <tr> <th>学生姓名</th> <th>考勤</th> <th>成绩</th> <th>批语</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for study_record in study_record_list %} <tr> <td>{{ study_record.student }}</td> {# <td>{{ study_record.record }}</td> 针对带有choices的字段使用拼接get和display #} <td>{{ study_record.get_record_display }}</td> <td style=" 150px; padding: 10px 20px;"> <select name="" id="" class="form-control"> {% for item in score_choices %} <option value="{{ item.0 }}">{{ item.1 }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </td> <td> <textarea name="" id="" cols="30" rows="4" class="form-control"></textarea> </td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right"> </form> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
注意:
(1)考勤栏显示中文
针对Model中的record字段:
record = models.CharField("上课纪录", choices=record_choices, default="checked", max_length=64)
要显示迟到签到信息需要拼接get和display取值
{# <td>{{ study_record.record }}</td> 针对带有choices的字段使用拼接get和display #} <td>{{ study_record.get_record_display }}</td>
显示效果:
(2)成绩显示为一个个option对象点选操作
<td style=" 150px; padding: 10px 20px;"> <select name="score" id="" class="form-control"> {% for item in score_choices %} <option value="{{ item.0 }}">{{ item.1 }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </td>
item.0拿到score_choices中每个元组的第一个值即分数,item.1拿到元组第二个值即评分等级。显示效果如下:
(3)用textarea渲染批语栏
<td> <textarea name="homework_note" id="" cols="30" rows="4" class="form-control"></textarea> </td>
显示效果如下所示:
(4)订制表单和提交按钮
<body> <h3>录入成绩</h3> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9"> <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"....> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right"> </form> </div> </div> </div> </body>
显示效果:
4、视图函数处理post请求
class CourseRecordConfig(ModelStark): def score(self, request, course_record_id): if request.method == "POST": # print(request.POST) # <QueryDict: {'csrfmiddlewaretoken': ['20Zp72PlKJzRZ6HAYkMX0veCIxynx5nogd8LsKKkdZb7mRLrAb1KtN1PDTljh7Jq'], 'score_4': ['70'], 'homework_note_4': ['学习理解能力差'], 'score_5': ['40'], 'homework_note_5': ['无纪律无组织'], 'score_6': ['90'], 'homework_note_6': ['学习能力优秀']}> for key, value in request.POST.items(): if key == "csrfmiddlewaretoken": continue # 分隔score_1为例,score为字段 1为某一个学生学习记录的pk值 field, pk = key.rsplit("_", 1) # 从右开始以"_"分隔数据,且仅分隔一次 if field == "score": StudyRecord.objects.filter(pk=pk).update(score=value) else: StudyRecord.objects.filter(pk=pk).update(homework_note=value) return redirect(request.path) # 拿到当前POST请求路径重定向GET请求 else: study_record_list = StudyRecord.objects.filter(course_record=course_record_id) # 过滤出对应课程(哪个班级哪一天)的学习记录 score_choices = StudyRecord.score_choices return render(request, "score.html", locals())
同时还伴随有score.html的变更:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="/static/js/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <h3>录入成绩</h3> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 col-md-offset-1"> <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <thead> <tr> <th>学生姓名</th> <th>考勤</th> <th>成绩</th> <th>批语</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for study_record in study_record_list %} <tr> <td>{{ study_record.student }}</td> {# <td>{{ study_record.record }}</td> 针对带有choices的字段使用拼接get和display #} <td>{{ study_record.get_record_display }}</td> <td style=" 150px; padding: 10px 20px;"> <select name="score_{{ study_record.pk }}" id="" class="form-control"> {% for item in score_choices %} {% if study_record.score == item.0 %} {# 当前成绩等于item.0#} <option selected value="{{ item.0 }}">{{ item.1 }}</option> {% endif %} <option value="{{ item.0 }}">{{ item.1 }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </td> <td> <textarea name="homework_note_{{ study_record.pk }}" id="" cols="30" rows="4" class="form-control">{{ study_record.homework_note }}</textarea> </td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right"> </form> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
(1)分析表单提交的数据
直接在上面的成绩录入页面提交POST请求:
在视图中接收POST请求,打印接收的request.POST数据:
class CourseRecordConfig(ModelStark): def score(self, request, course_record_id): if request.method == "POST": print(request.POST) """ <QueryDict: {'csrfmiddlewaretoken': ['UMfON3mW1TKIMCqWI3fqOUuRaqP9ggoL8Zoa8LhVu9mY9nuNkUudhch45MC50iKN'], 'score': ['60', '80', '90'], 'homework_note': ['朽木不可雕', '学习自觉性较差', '学习认真刻苦']}> """ return HttpResponse("123")
这是由于所有的成绩select标签name="score",所有批语textarea标签name="homework_note",一个键对应三个值,三个值组成数组。导致无法区分谁是谁的成绩和批语。
(2)修改select标签和textarea标签name生成规则
<td style=" 150px; padding: 10px 20px;"> <select name="score_{{ study_record.pk }}" id="" class="form-control"> {% for item in score_choices %} <option value="{{ item.0 }}">{{ item.1 }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </td> <td> <textarea name="homework_note_{{ study_record.pk }}" id="" cols="30" rows="4" class="form-control"></textarea> </td>
重新提交表单,request.POST获取的数据如下:
class CourseRecordConfig(ModelStark): def score(self, request, course_record_id): if request.method == "POST": print(request.POST) # <QueryDict: {'csrfmiddlewaretoken': ['20Zp72PlKJzRZ6HAYkMX0veCIxynx5nogd8LsKKkdZb7mRLrAb1KtN1PDTljh7Jq'], 'score_4': ['70'], 'homework_note_4': ['学习理解能力差'], 'score_5': ['40'], 'homework_note_5': ['无纪律无组织'], 'score_6': ['90'], 'homework_note_6': ['学习能力优秀']}>
如上所示键带有自己的id值,可以更好地去录入成绩,完成处理更新操作。
(3)splice()和rsplice方法
Python split() 通过指定分隔符对字符串进行切片,如果参数 num 有指定值,则仅分隔 num 个子字符串。
print("yuan_alex_egon".split("_", 1)) # 只分一次 print("yuan_alex_egon".split("_", 2)) # 分两次 print("yuan_alex_egon".rsplit("_",1)) # 从右边开始分一次 """ ['yuan', 'alex_egon'] ['yuan', 'alex', 'egon'] ['yuan_alex', 'egon'] """
(4)循环处理reques.POST
for key, value in request.POST.items(): if key == "csrfmiddlewaretoken": continue # 分隔score_1为例,score为字段 1为某一个学生学习记录的pk值 field, pk = key.rsplit("_", 1) # 从右开始以"_"分隔数据,且仅分隔一次 if field == "score": StudyRecord.objects.filter(pk=pk).update(score=value) else: StudyRecord.objects.filter(pk=pk).update(homework_note=value)
(5)重定向到POST请求当前页面
def score(self, request, course_record_id): if request.method == "POST": """代码省略""" return redirect(request.path) # 拿到当前POST请求路径重定向GET请求
(6)get页面渲染显示之前提交信息为默认值
<td style=" 150px; padding: 10px 20px;"> <select name="score_{{ study_record.pk }}" id="" class="form-control"> {% for item in score_choices %} {% if study_record.score == item.0 %} {# 当前成绩等于item.0#} <option selected value="{{ item.0 }}">{{ item.1 }}</option> {% endif %} <option value="{{ item.0 }}">{{ item.1 }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </td> <td> <textarea name="homework_note_{{ study_record.pk }}" id="" cols="30" rows="4" class="form-control">{{ study_record.homework_note }}</textarea> </td>
这样在POST请求提交后,get请求获取的当前页面,页面保留之前录入的数据。
5、数据结构调整性能优化
class CourseRecordConfig(ModelStark): def score(self, request, course_record_id): if request.method == "POST": data = {} for key, value in request.POST.items(): # 键、值 if key == "csrfmiddlewaretoken": continue # 分隔score_1为例,score为字段 1为某一个学生学习记录的pk值 field, pk = key.rsplit("_", 1) # 从右开始以"_"分隔数据,且仅分隔一次 字段、主键 # dic = {1:{"homework_note":"", "score":90}, 2:{"homework_note": "", "score": 76}} if pk in data: # 第一次加入字典 data[pk][field] = value else: # pk已经保存在字典中 data[pk] = {field: value} print("data", data) # data {'4': {'score': '100', 'homework_note': 'dsfe '}, '5': {'score': '85', 'homework_note': 'asd a'}, '6': {'score': '50', 'homework_note': 'adad w'}} for pk, update_data in data.items(): # 主键、更新数据 StudyRecord.objects.filter(pk=pk).update(**update_data) return redirect(request.path) # 拿到当前POST请求路径重定向GET请求
(1)将数据调整为字典套字典的格式
def score(self, request, course_record_id): if request.method == "POST": data = {} for key, value in request.POST.items(): # 键、值 if key == "csrfmiddlewaretoken": continue # 分隔score_1为例,score为字段 1为某一个学生学习记录的pk值 field, pk = key.rsplit("_", 1) # 从右开始以"_"分隔数据,且仅分隔一次 字段、主键 # dic = {1:{"homework_note":"", "score":90}, 2:{"homework_note": "", "score": 76}} if pk in data: # 第一次加入字典 data[pk][field] = value else: # pk已经保存在字典中 data[pk] = {field: value} print("data", data) # data {'4': {'score': '100', 'homework_note': 'dsfe '}, '5': {'score': '85', 'homework_note': 'asd a'}, '6': {'score': '50', 'homework_note': 'adad w'}}
(2)更新数据
for pk, update_data in data.items(): # 主键、更新数据 StudyRecord.objects.filter(pk=pk).update(**update_data)
update()方法对于任何结果集均有效,可以同时更新多条记录。
七、显示成绩 ajax 查询 柱状图展示成绩 highcharts
1、给学生表定制成绩查询(扩展视图和url)
class StudentConfig(ModelStark): def score_view(self, request, sid): # sid:当前学生的id """扩展视图""" student = Student.objects.filter(pk=sid).first() class_list = student.class_list.all() # 班级列表 return render(request, "score_view.html", locals()) def extra_url(self): """扩展路由""" temp = [] temp.append(url((r"score_view/(d+)"), self.score_view)) return temp def score_show(self, obj=None, header=False): """查看成绩""" if header: return "查看成绩" return mark_safe("<a href='/stark/crm/student/score_view/%s'>查看成绩</a>" % obj.pk) list_display = ['customer', 'class_list', score_show] list_display_links = ['customer'] site.register(Student, StudentConfig)
显示效果:
2、成绩展示模板设计
score_view.html:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css"> <script src="/static/js/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <h3>查看{{ student }}成绩</h3> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 col-md-offset-1"> <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <thead> <tr> <th>班级</th> <th>班主任</th> <th>任课老师</th> <th>课程成绩</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for cls in class_list %} <tr> {# 班级名称:class_list.__str__ #} <td>{{ cls }}</td> <td>{{ cls.tutor }}</td> <td> {% for teacher in cls.teachers.all %} <span>{{ teacher }}</span>, {% endfor %} </td> <td> <a class="check_chart"><span>点击查看</span></a> </td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
展示效果:
3、给点击查看绑定事件
<script> // check_chart绑定事件 $(".check_chart").click(function () { $.ajax({ url: "", // 走当前 type: "get", data:{ sid: $(this).attr("sid"), cid: $(this).attr("cid"), }, success:function (data) { console.log(data); } }) }) </script>
(1)给点击查看a标签添加sid和cid属性
<td> <a class="check_chart" cid="{{ cls.pk }}" sid="{{ student.pk }}"><span>点击查看</span></a> </td>
其中sid是学生id,cid是班级id。
(2)给视图发送ajax,获取学生对应课程的所有学习记录
class StudentConfig(ModelStark): def score_view(self, request, sid): # sid:当前学生的id """扩展视图""" if request.is_ajax(): # 处理ajax请求 print(request.GET) sid = request.GET.get("sid") cid = request.GET.get("cid") # 去studyrecord查看学生对应课程所有学习记录 课程需要跨表查询 study_record_list = StudyRecord.objects.filter(student=sid, course_record__class_obj=cid) else: student = Student.objects.filter(pk=sid).first() class_list = student.class_list.all() # 班级列表 return render(request, "score_view.html", locals())
4、使用highchart插件显示成绩
(1)下载引入highchart
地址:https://www.hcharts.cn下载程序包后,将压缩包下code文件夹拷贝到项目crm/static目录下,并改名为chart.
在score_view.html中引入highcharts.js:
<head> #省略# <script src="/static/chart/highcharts.js"></script> </head>
(2)设计柱状图
(3)将显示柱状图放入ajax中处理
<body> <h3>查看{{ student }}成绩</h3> <div class="container"...> <div id="container" style="min-400px;height:400px"></div> <script> // check_chart绑定事件 $(".check_chart").click(function () { $.ajax({ url: "", // 走当前 type: "get", data: { sid: $(this).attr("sid"), cid: $(this).attr("cid"), }, success: function (data) { // 显示柱状图 var chart = Highcharts.chart('container', { chart: { type: 'column' }, title: { text: '查看成绩' }, subtitle: { text: '数据截止 2017-03,来源: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_proper_by_population">Wikipedia</a>' }, xAxis: { // 横坐标 type: 'category', labels: { rotation: -45 // 设置轴标签旋转角度 } }, yAxis: { // 纵坐标 min: 0, title: { text: '分数' } }, legend: { enabled: false }, tooltip: { // 鼠标悬浮显示 pointFormat: '分数: <b>{point.y:.2f}</b>' }, series: [{ name: '成绩', data: data, dataLabels: { enabled: true, rotation: -90, color: '#FFFFFF', align: 'right', format: '{point.y:.1f}', // :.1f 为保留 1 位小数 y: 10 } }] }); } }) }) </script> </body>
5、在视图处理出highcharts模板要求的data数据
from django.http import JsonResponse class StudentConfig(ModelStark): def score_view(self, request, sid): # sid:当前学生的id """扩展视图""" if request.is_ajax(): # 处理ajax请求 print(request.GET) sid = request.GET.get("sid") cid = request.GET.get("cid") # 去studyrecord查看学生对应课程所有学习记录 课程需要跨表查询 study_record_list = StudyRecord.objects.filter(student=sid, course_record__class_obj=cid) data_list = [] for study_record in study_record_list: day_num = study_record.course_record.day_num # 天数 data_list.append(["day%s" % day_num, study_record.score]) # 和highchart的data要求格式相同列表包列表 print(data_list) # [['day1', -1], ['day95', 80]] return JsonResponse(data_list, safe=False) # 序列化不是一个字典必须改为False else: student = Student.objects.filter(pk=sid).first() class_list = student.class_list.all() # 班级列表 return render(request, "score_view.html", locals())
注意要将数据组织为 [['day94', 100], ['day95', 50], ['day92', 85], ['day91', 90]] 这样的形式。且使用JsonResponse进行序列化,在系列化的不是一个字典时,需要修改safe=False。
6、显示效果