2018-2019-2 20175329许钰玮 实验二《Java面向对象程序设计》实验报告

实验内容

1.初步掌握单元测试和TDD
2.理解并掌握面向对象三要素：封装、继承、多态
3.初步掌握UML建模
4.熟悉S.O.L.I.D原则
5.了解设计模式

（一）单元测试

对于单元测试中单元的含义，一般来说，要根据实际情况去判定其具体含义，如Java里单元指一个类。编程是智力活动，不是打字，编程前要把干什么、如何干想清楚才能把程序写对、写好。与目前不少同学一说编程就打开编辑器写代码不同，我希望同学们养成一个习惯，当你们想用程序解决问题时，要会写三种码：

• 伪代码
• 产品代码
• 测试代码
  在 IDEA中我们把产品代码放在src目录中，把测试代码放在test目录中，右键单击项目，在弹出的菜单中选择New->Directory新建一个目录：
  
  在IDEA中运行结果如下，测试结果符合预期：
  
  在Eclipse中运行结果如下，测试结果符合预期：
  
  我们不能只测试正常情况，下面看看异常情况如何，比如输入为负分或大于100的成绩
  
  测试结果如下：
  

（二）TDD(Test Driven Devlopment, 测试驱动开发)

• 安装JUnit
  
• 测试代码

import org.junit.Test; 
import junit.framework.TestCase;
public class MyUtilTest extends TestCase { 
@Test 
    public void testNormal() { 
        assertEquals("不及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(55));             
        assertEquals("及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(65));               
        assertEquals("中等", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(75));          
        assertEquals("良好", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(85));    
        assertEquals("优秀", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(95)); 
        }
    }

运行结果如下

我们增加一个测试异常情况的用例testException和一个测试边界情况的用例testBoundary

（三）设计模式初步

（四）使用TDD的方式设计实现复数类:Complex

• 测试代码

import org.junit.Test;

public class ComplexNumberTest {
    @Test
    public void TestFunction1() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber = new ComplexNumber(1, 3);
        ;
        assert complexnumber.m_dRealPart == 1 : "ComplexNumber(double r,double I)构造函数有错误";
        assert complexnumber.m_dImaginPart == 3 : "ComplexNumber(double r,double I)构造函数有错误";
    }

    @Test
    public void TestFunction2() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber = new ComplexNumber();

        assert complexnumber.m_dImaginPart == 0 : "ComplexNumber()构造函数有错误";
        assert complexnumber.m_dRealPart == 0 : "ComplexNumber()构造函数有错误";
    }

    @Test
    public void TestSetWay() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber = new ComplexNumber();

        complexnumber.SetRealPart(1);
        complexnumber.SetImaginaryPart(1);
        assert complexnumber.m_dRealPart == 1 : "SetRealPart方法有错误";
        assert complexnumber.m_dImaginPart == 1 : "SetImaginaryPart方法有错误";
    }

    @Test
    public void TestgetWay() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber = new ComplexNumber();

        complexnumber.SetRealPart(2);
        complexnumber.SetImaginaryPart(5);
        assert complexnumber.GetRealPart() == 2 : "GetRealPart方法有错误";
        assert complexnumber.GetImaginaryPart() == 5 : "GetImaginaryPart方法有错误";
    }

    @Test
    public void TestStringWay() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber = new ComplexNumber(2,6);
        assert complexnumber.toString()=="2.0+6.0i":"toString方法有错误";
    }

    @Test
    public void TestAddWay1() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber1 = new ComplexNumber(1,1);
        ComplexNumber complexnumber2 = new ComplexNumber(2,2);
        ComplexNumber complexnumber3=complexnumber1.ComplexAdd1(complexnumber2);

        assert complexnumber3.m_dRealPart == 3 : "ComplexAdd方法有错误";
        assert complexnumber3.m_dImaginPart == 3 : "ComplexAdd方法有错误";
    }

    @Test
    public void TestAddWay2() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber1 = new ComplexNumber(1,1);
        ComplexNumber complexnumber2=complexnumber1.ComplexAdd2(2);

        assert complexnumber2.m_dRealPart == 3 : "ComplexAdd方法有错误";
        assert complexnumber2.m_dImaginPart == 1 : "ComplexAdd方法有错误";
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMinusWay1() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber1 = new ComplexNumber(1,1);
        ComplexNumber complexnumber2 = new ComplexNumber(2,2);
        ComplexNumber complexnumber3=complexnumber2.ComplexMinusl(complexnumber1);

        assert complexnumber3.m_dRealPart == 1 : "ComplexMinus方法有错误";
        assert complexnumber3.m_dImaginPart == 1 : "ComplexMinus方法有错误";
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMinusWay2() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber1 = new ComplexNumber(5,1);
        ComplexNumber complexnumber2=complexnumber1.ComplexMinus2(1);

        assert complexnumber2.m_dRealPart == 4 : "ComplexMinus方法有错误";
        assert complexnumber2.m_dImaginPart == 1 : "ComplexMinus方法有错误";
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMultiWay1() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber1 = new ComplexNumber(3,3);
        ComplexNumber complexnumber2 = new ComplexNumber(3,5);
        ComplexNumber complexnumber3=complexnumber1.ComplexMultil(complexnumber2);

        assert complexnumber3.m_dRealPart == -6 : "ComplexMinus方法有错误";
        assert complexnumber3.m_dImaginPart == 24 : "ComplexMinus方法有错误";

    }

    @Test
    public void TestMultiWay2() {
        ComplexNumber complexnumber1 = new ComplexNumber(3,3);
        ComplexNumber complexnumber2=complexnumber1.ComplexMulti2(2);

        assert complexnumber2.m_dRealPart == 6 : "ComplexMinus方法有错误";
        assert complexnumber2.m_dImaginPart == 6 : "ComplexMinus方法有错误";

    }

}

• 实验代码

public class ComplexNumber {
   public double m_dRealPart;
   public double m_dImaginPart;

    public ComplexNumber(){
        this.m_dImaginPart=0;
        this.m_dRealPart=0;
    }

    public ComplexNumber(double r,double I){
        this.m_dRealPart=r;
        this.m_dImaginPart=I;
    }

    public double GetRealPart(){
        return this.m_dRealPart;
    }

    public double GetImaginaryPart(){
        return this.m_dImaginPart;
    }

    public void SetRealPart(double d) {
        this.m_dRealPart=d;
    }

    public void SetImaginaryPart(double d) {
        this.m_dImaginPart=d;
    }

    public ComplexNumber ComplexAdd1(ComplexNumber c){
        this.m_dRealPart=this.m_dRealPart+c.m_dRealPart;
        this.m_dImaginPart=this.m_dImaginPart+c.m_dImaginPart;
        return this;
    }

    public ComplexNumber ComplexAdd2(double c){
        this.m_dRealPart=this.m_dRealPart+c;
        return this;
    }

    public ComplexNumber ComplexMinusl(ComplexNumber c){
        this.m_dRealPart=this.m_dRealPart-c.m_dRealPart;
        this.m_dImaginPart=this.m_dImaginPart-c.m_dImaginPart;
        return this;
    }

    public ComplexNumber ComplexMinus2(double c){
        this.m_dRealPart=this.m_dRealPart-c;
        return this;
    }

    public ComplexNumber ComplexMultil(ComplexNumber c){
        double a=this.m_dImaginPart;
        double b=this.m_dRealPart;
        this.m_dRealPart=b*c.m_dRealPart-(a*c.m_dImaginPart);
        this.m_dImaginPart=b*c.m_dImaginPart+a*c.m_dRealPart;
        return this;
    }

    public ComplexNumber ComplexMulti2(double c){
        double a=this.m_dImaginPart;
        double b=this.m_dRealPart;
        this.m_dRealPart=this.m_dRealPart*c;
        this.m_dImaginPart=this.m_dImaginPart*c;
        return this;
    }

    public String toString(){
        return this.m_dRealPart+"+"+this.m_dImaginPart+"i";
    }
}

• 实验结果截图
  

• string语法有误调整如下
  

（五）UML图设计