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linux运维、架构之路-Zookeeper集群部署

一、Zookeeper介绍

是一个针对大型分布式系统的可靠协调系统；
提供的功能包括：配置维护、名字服务、分布式同步、组服务等；
目标就是封装好复杂易出错的关键职务，将简单易用的接口和性能高效、功能稳定的系统提供给用户；
Zookeeper已经成为Hadoop生态系统中的基础组件。

架构图：

二、Zookeeper特点

最终一致性：为客户端展示同一视图，这是Zookeeper最重要的性能；
可靠性：如果消息被一台服务器接受，那么它将被所有的服务器接受；
原子性：更新只能成功或失败，没有中间状态。

三、用到Zookeeper的一些开源软件

HDFS
YARN
Storm
HBase
Flume
Dubbo
metaq

四、Zookeeper集群部署

Zookeeper官网文档：http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html
Zookeeper下载地址：http://archive.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/

1、服务器规划

主机名	软件	JAVA版本	系统	IP地址
zk-1	zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz	jdk1.8.0_181	CentOS7.5	192.168.56.11
zk-2	zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz	jdk1.8.0_181	CentOS7.5	192.168.56.12
zk-3	zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz	jdk1.8.0_181	CentOS7.5	192.168.56.13

2、系统基础配置

#关闭防火墙#
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable NetworkManager
#关闭selinux#
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0

3、安装JDK环境

tar xf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
ln -s /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181 /usr/local/jdk
ln -s /usr/local/jdk/bin/java /usr/bin/java

echo 'export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >>~/.bash_profile
source  ~/.bash_profile

4、安装zookeeper

mkdir /app #所有节点都创建软件安装目录
tar xf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz -C /app/
ln -s /app/zookeeper-3.4.10/ /app/zookeeper

5、修改配置文件

#创建快照日志存放目录：
mkdir /app/zookeeper/dataDir
#创建事务日志存放目录：
mkdir /app/zookeeper/dataLogDir

egrep -v "#|^$" /app/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg 
tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/app/zookeeper/dataDir
dataLogDir=/app/zookeeper/dataLogDir
clientPort=2181
server.1=192.168.56.11:2182:2183
server.2=192.168.56.12:2182:2183
server.3=192.168.56.13:2182:2183
maxClientCnxns=0
autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
autopurge.purgeInterval=1

6、分发.bash_profile JDK && zookeeper 文件

scp ~/.bash_profile 192.168.56.12:~/
scp ~/.bash_profile 192.168.56.13:~/

scp -rp /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181/ 192.168.56.12:/usr/local/
scp -rp /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181/ 192.168.56.13:/usr/local/

scp -rp /app/zookeeper-3.4.10 192.168.56.12:/app/
scp -rp /app/zookeeper-3.4.10 192.168.56.13:/app/
创建JDK和zookeeper软链接方便以后升级
ln -s /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181 /usr/local/jdk
ln -s /usr/local/jdk/bin/java /usr/bin/java
ln -s /app/zookeeper-3.4.10/ /app/zookeeper

7、创建一个myid文件

echo "1" > /app/zookeeper/dataDir/myid
echo "2" > /app/zookeeper/dataDir/myid
echo "3" > /app/zookeeper/dataDir/myid
#里面内容为一个数字，用来标识当前主机，conf/zoo.cfg文件中配置的server.X中X为什么数字，则myid文件中就输入这个数字

8、启动和关闭zookeeper服务

#放在后台运行：nohup /app/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start >/dev/null 2>&1 &
#停止： /app/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh stop
#查看进程
[root@zk-1 ~]# jps
40772 QuorumPeerMain
40856 Jps

9、测试zookeeper集群

①查看集群状态

/app/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh status #分别在集群三个节点执行,集群中一个是Leader，其余的两个结点是Follower
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /app/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /app/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader

ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /app/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

②测试连接zookeeper集群

[root@zk-3 bin]# /app/zookeeper/bin/zkCli.sh -server 192.168.56.11:2181
Connecting to 192.168.56.11:2181
2020-04-22 15:01:24,055 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.4.10-39d3a4f269333c922ed3db283be479f9deacaa0f, built on 03/23/2017 10:13 GMT
2020-04-22 15:01:24,059 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:host.name=zk-3
2020-04-22 15:01:24,059 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.version=1.8.0_181
2020-04-22 15:01:24,062 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.vendor=Oracle Corporation
2020-04-22 15:01:24,062 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.home=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181/jre
2020-04-22 15:01:24,062 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.class.path=/app/zookeeper/bin/../build/classes:/app/zookeeper/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/app/zookeeper/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar:/app/zookeeper/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:/app/zookeeper/bin/../lib/netty-3.10.5.Final.jar:/app/zookeeper/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar:/app/zookeeper/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/app/zookeeper/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.10.jar:/app/zookeeper/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/app/zookeeper/bin/../conf:.:/usr/local/jdk/lib/dt.jar:/usr/local/jdk/lib/tools.jar
2020-04-22 15:01:24,062 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
2020-04-22 15:01:24,062 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
2020-04-22 15:01:24,062 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.compiler=<NA>
2020-04-22 15:01:24,063 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.name=Linux
2020-04-22 15:01:24,063 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.arch=amd64
2020-04-22 15:01:24,063 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.version=3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64
2020-04-22 15:01:24,063 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.name=root
2020-04-22 15:01:24,063 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.home=/root
2020-04-22 15:01:24,063 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.dir=/app/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin
2020-04-22 15:01:24,064 [myid:] - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=192.168.56.11:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@42110406
Welcome to ZooKeeper!
2020-04-22 15:01:24,085 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(192.168.56.11:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1032] - Opening socket connection to server 192.168.56.11/192.168.56.11:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
JLine support is enabled
2020-04-22 15:01:24,212 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(192.168.56.11:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@876] - Socket connection established to 192.168.56.11/192.168.56.11:2181, initiating session
2020-04-22 15:01:24,239 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(192.168.56.11:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1299] - Session establishment complete on server 192.168.56.11/192.168.56.11:2181, sessionid = 0x171a0ae23360000, negotiated timeout = 30000

WATCHER::

WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
[zk: 192.168.56.11:2181(CONNECTED) 0]

10、脚本定期清理zk快照和日志文件

#!/bin/bash

dataDir=/app/zookeeper/dataDir/version-2
dataLogDir=/app/zookeeper/dataLogDir/version-2

# Reserved 5 files.
COUNT=5

ls -t $dataDir/snapshot.* | tail -n +$[$COUNT+1] | xargs rm -f
ls -t $dataLogDir/log.* | tail -n +$[$COUNT+1] | xargs rm -f

##每周日的0点0分执行：
0 0 * * 0 /app/scripts/clean_zklog.sh

五、zookeeper单机版配置

1、3.5版本以上需下载带bin的包，不然启动报错

apache-zookeeper-3.5.5-bin.tar.gz

2、Zookeeper 3.5启动时 8080端口被占用

#这是Zookeeper AdminServer，默认使用8080端口
admin.serverPort=8081

3、单机配置文件

[root@CTC-CaaS-Master01 ~]# egrep -v "#|^$" /data/zk/zookeeper-3.5.5/conf/zoo.cfg 
tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/data/zk/zookeeper-3.5.5/dataDir
dataLogDir=/data/zk/zookeeper-3.5.5/dataLogDir
clientPort=2181
maxClientCnxns=0
autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
autopurge.purgeInterval=1
admin.serverPort=8081

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/yanxinjiang/p/12752871.html