HAProxy的高级配置选项-自定义错误页面
作者：尹正杰
版权声明：原创作品，谢绝转载！否则将追究法律责任。
一.安装Apache Httpd及准备测试数据
1>.试验架构说明
node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
Haproxy服务器
node105.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
测试服务器,模拟客户端
node106.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
Apache httpd服务器
node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
Apache httpd服务器
node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
Apache httpd服务器
2>.安装Apache httpd服务
此过程相对简单，我这里就直接略过了，可参考我之前的笔记:https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/12114195.html
二.HAProxy自定义错误页面案例实战
1>.编辑haproxy的配置文件
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg global maxconn 100000 chroot /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy stats socket /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/haproxy.sock mode 600 level admin user haproxy group haproxy daemon nbproc 2 cpu-map 1 0 cpu-map 2 1 nbthread 2 pidfile /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/haproxy.pid log 127.0.0.1 local5 info defaults option http-keep-alive option forwardfor option redispatch option abortonclose maxconn 100000 mode http timeout connect 300000ms timeout client 300000ms timeout server 300000ms #自定义错误页面跳转,需要在本地系统存在哟 errorfile 500 /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/500.html errorfile 502 /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/502.html errorfile 503 /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/503.html listen status_page bind 172.30.1.102:8888 stats enable stats uri /haproxy-status stats auth admin:yinzhengjie stats realm "Welcome to the haproxy load balancer status page of YinZhengjie" stats hide-version stats admin if TRUE stats refresh 5s frontend WEB_PORT_80 bind 172.30.1.102:80 mode http acl my_pc_page hdr_dom(host) -i pc.yinzhengjie.org.cn acl firefox_agent hdr(User-Agent) -m sub -i "Firefox" redirect prefix https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/ if my_pc_page use_backend firefox_web if firefox_agent default_backend backup_web backend firefox_web server web01 172.30.1.106:80 check inter 3000 fall 3 rise 5 server web02 172.30.1.107:80 check inter 3000 fall 3 rise 5 backend backup_web server web03 172.30.1.108:80 check inter 3000 fall 3 rise 5 [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl restart haproxy #别忘记了重启haproxy服务使得配置生效哟~可以查看状态页观察服务是否正常，如下图所示。 [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
2>.在haproxy节点准备测试的错误页面(实际工作中我们应该让开发来准备，运维一把情况下并不负责页面开发)
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/ total 4 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 21 Jan 1 11:41 doc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6 Jan 5 16:44 haproxy.pid srw------- 1 root root 0 Jan 5 16:44 haproxy.sock drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 21 Jan 1 11:41 sbin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 17 Jan 1 11:41 share [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mkdir -pv /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html mkdir: created directory ‘/yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html’ [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/ total 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 795 Jan 5 17:21 500.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 795 Jan 5 17:21 502.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 795 Jan 5 17:22 503.html [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/500.html <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title></title> <style type="text/css"> .box1{ color: red; font-family: "curlz mt","华文彩云","arial", "微软雅黑"; } #box2{ color: yellowgreen; } a:link{ color: yellowgreen; } /** * 访问过的链接 */ a:visited{ color: red; } /** * 鼠标移入 */ a:hover{ color: orange; } /** * 正在点击 */ a:active{ color: blue; } </style> </head> <body> <h1 class="box1">您访问的网站正在维护中,请稍后再来访问,报错码:500</h1> <h3 id = "box2">如有疑问请联系运维工程师: <a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/">尹正杰</a></h3> </body> </html> [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/502.html <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title></title> <style type="text/css"> .box1{ color: red; font-family: "curlz mt","华文彩云","arial", "微软雅黑"; } #box2{ color: yellowgreen; } a:link{ color: yellowgreen; } /** * 访问过的链接 */ a:visited{ color: red; } /** * 鼠标移入 */ a:hover{ color: orange; } /** * 正在点击 */ a:active{ color: blue; } </style> </head> <body> <h1 class="box1">您访问的网站正在维护中,请稍后再来访问,报错码:502</h1> <h3 id = "box2">如有疑问请联系运维工程师: <a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/">尹正杰</a></h3> </body> </html> [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/503.html <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title></title> <style type="text/css"> .box1{ color: red; font-family: "curlz mt","华文彩云","arial", "微软雅黑"; } #box2{ color: yellowgreen; } a:link{ color: yellowgreen; } /** * 访问过的链接 */ a:visited{ color: red; } /** * 鼠标移入 */ a:hover{ color: orange; } /** * 正在点击 */ a:active{ color: blue; } </style> </head> <body> <h1 class="box1">您访问的网站正在维护中,请稍后再来访问,报错码:503</h1> <h3 id = "box2">如有疑问请联系运维工程师: <a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/">尹正杰</a></h3> </body> </html> [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
3>.使用浏览器访问"http://node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn/"，如下图所示。
4>.手动将后端的"node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn"节点的Apache httpd服务下线
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* [root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl stop httpd [root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* [root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
5>.再次使用浏览器访问"http://node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn/"，如下图所示。
