python常用运维脚本实例

一、ps 可以查看进程的内存占用大小，写一个脚本计算一下所有进程所占用内存大小的和。

（提示，使用ps aux 列出所有进程，过滤出RSS那列，然后求和）

注：ps -ef 与 ps aux 效果一样使用随意

import os

list = []

sum = 0   

str1 = os.popen('ps aux','r').readlines()

for i in str1:

    str2 = i.split()

    new_rss = str2[5]

    list.append(new_rss)

for i in  list[1:-1]: 

    num = int(i)

    sum = sum + num 

print '%s:%s' %(list[0],sum)

二、一键部署lvs与keepalived

注：部署keepalived配置文件，会自动将lvs部署好，不必单独搭建，但是要下载好ipvsadm

这里单独搭建了lvs

#提前配置好免密钥登陆，与apache服务

import pexpect
import os
ds_ip = '192.168.102.143'
rs1_ip = '192.168.102.144'
rs2_ip = '192.168.102.145'
vip = '192.168.102.250'
ds_cmd = ['ipvsadm -C',
          'ipvsadm -A -t {vip}:80 -s rr'.format(vip=vip),
          'ipvsadm -a -t {vip}:80 -r {rs1_ip}:80 -g'.format(vip=vip, rs1_ip=rs1_ip),
          'ipvsadm -a -t {vip}:80 -r {rs2_ip}:80 -g'.format(vip=vip,rs2_ip=rs2_ip),
          'ifconfig ens33:0 {vip} broadcast {vip} netmask 255.255.255.255 up'.format(vip=vip),
          'route add -host {vip} dev ens33:0'.format(vip=vip)
          ]
# for ds_cmd in ds_cmd:

rs1_cmd = [
    'ansible rs1 -m shell -a "ifconfig lo:0 {vip} broadcast {vip} netmask 255.255.255.255 up" &>/dev/null'.format(vip=vip),
    'ansible rs1 -m shell -a "route add -host {vip} dev lo:0" &>/dev/null'.format(vip=vip),
    'ansible rs1 -m shell -a "echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore" &>/dev/null',
    'ansible rs1 -m shell -a "echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce" &>/dev/null',
    'ansible rs1 -m shell -a "echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore" &>/dev/null',
    'ansible rs1 -m shell -a "echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce" &>/dev/null',
    'service httpd restart']
# for rs_cmd in rs_cmd:

rs2_cmd = [
    'ansible rs2 -m shell -a "ifconfig lo:0 {vip} broadcast {vip} netmask 255.255.255.255 up" &>/dev/null'.format(vip=vip),
    'ansible rs2 -m shell -a "route add -host {vip} dev lo:0" &>/dev/null'.format(vip=vip),
    'ansible rs2 -m shell -a "echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore" &>/dev/null',
    'ansible rs2 -m shell -a "echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce" &>/dev/null',
    'ansible rs2 -m shell -a "echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore" &>/dev/null',
    'ansible rs2 -m shell -a "echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce" &>/dev/null',
    'service httpd restart']

ansible='''
echo "[rs1]" >> /etc/ansible/hosts;
echo "{rs1_ip}" >> /etc/ansible/hosts;
echo "[rs2]" >> /etc/ansible/hosts;
echo "{rs2_ip}" >> /etc/ansible/hosts;
'''.format(rs1_ip=rs1_ip,rs2_ip=rs2_ip)


def Ansible():
    res = os.system('yum install ansible -y &>/dev/null')
    if res== 0:
        print('ansible安装完成！')
        os.system(ansible)


def lvs():
    i = os.system('yum -y install ipvsadm &>/dev/null')
    if i == 0:
        print('lvs下载完成')
        for a in ds_cmd:
            res = os.system(a)
            if res == 0:
                print('ok')
            else:
                print('false')
        for b in rs1_cmd:
            res1 = os.system(b)
            if res1 == 0:
                print('ok')
            else:
                print('false')
        for c in rs2_cmd:
            res2 = os.system(c)
            if res2 == 0:
                print('ok')
            else:
                print('false')
    else:
        print('lvs下载失败')

keepalived = '''
#全局配置
! Configuration File for keepalived
#全局配置
global_defs {
   notification_email {
        #收件人地址
   }
        #邮件服务器
}
VRRP配置DS1
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER                    #角色类型MASTER|BACKUP
    interface ens33                    #网卡名称
    virtual_router_id 51            #虚拟路由id（需要与BACKUP一致）
    priority 100                    #优先级
    advert_int 1                    #没1秒检查一次
    #nopreempt                        #非抢占模式

    authentication {
        auth_type PASS                #认证类型  主备之间必须一样
        auth_pass 1111                #认证密码  主备之间必须一样
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.102.250                #虚拟ip（vip）
    }
}

#LVS配置
virtual_server 192.168.102.250 80 {
    delay_loop 3                    #健康检查时间间隔
    lb_algo rr                        #负载均衡调度算法
    lb_kind DR                        #负载均衡转发规则
    protocol TCP                    #协议

    real_server 192.168.102.144 80 {    #要监控的real_server的ip和端口号
            weight 1                 #权重
        TCP_CHECK {                    #基于tcp协议的检查
            connect_timeout 3          #连接时间超时
            retry 3                    #重连次数
            delay_before_retry 3    #重连间隔时间
        }
    }


    real_server 192.168.102.145 80 {
            weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}'''
def Keepalived():
    d = os.system('yum install keepalived -y &> /dev/null')
    if d == 0:
        print('keeplived下载完成')
        with open(r'/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(keepalived)
        e = os.system('systemctl start keepalived')
        if e == 0:
            print('keepalived部署完成！')
        else:
            print('keepalived部署失败')
    else:
        print('keepalived下载失败')

def main():
    # key()
    Ansible()
    # ssh_copy()
    lvs()
    Keepalived()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

三、

用python3编写一个监控上面lvs服务状态和系统资源的脚本

import yagmail
import paramiko
import socket
import re
import time
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
rs1_ip = '192.168.102.144'
rs2_ip = '192.168.102.145'
ds_ip = '192。168.102.143'
disk_cmd = "df -m | grep /dev/sda1 | awk '{print $4}'"
cpu_cmd = '''
top n 1 d 1 b -p 1 | grep '%Cpu' | awk -F "," '{print $4}' | awk -F "id" '{print $1}' | awk -F "." '{print $1}'
'''
free_cmd = "free -m | grep Mem |awk '{print $7}'"

def connect1():
    ssh.connect('{rs1_ip}'.format(rs1_ip=rs1_ip), 22, 'root', '1', timeout=3)
def connect2():
    ssh.connect('{rs2_ip}'.format(rs2_ip=rs1_ip), 22, 'root', '1', timeout=3)

def mail(head, Contents):
    yag = yagmail.SMTP(user="15898297124@163.com", password="zz54605519", host='smtp.163.com')
    yag.send('15898297124@163.com',subject = head, contents = Contents)
    yag.close()

def http():
    socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)
    server = socket.socket()
    host_list = ['%s:80' % (rs1_ip),'%s:80' % (rs2_ip)]
    for info in host_list:
        ip = re.compile('(.*?):(.*)').search(info).group(1)
        port = re.compile('(.*?):(.*)').search(info).group(2)
        res = server.connect_ex((ip, int(port)))
        if res != 0:
            mail(ip,'%s不通' % port)

def disk():
    connect1()
    stdin1, stdout1, stderr1 = ssh.exec_command(disk_cmd)
    disk1 = int(stdout1.read().decode('utf-8'))
    print('%s节点disk剩余空间为%sM' % (rs1_ip,disk1))
    if disk1 <= 200:
        mail(rs1_ip,'disk剩余空间为%sM' % disk1)
    connect2()
    stdin2, stdout2, stderr2 = ssh.exec_command(disk_cmd)
    disk2 = int(stdout2.read().decode('utf-8'))
    print('%s节点disk剩余空间为%sM' % (rs2_ip, disk2))
    if disk2 <= 200:
        mail(rs2_ip, 'disk剩余空间为%sM' % disk2)

def cpu():
    connect1()
    stdin1, stdout1, stderr1 = ssh.exec_command(cpu_cmd)
    cpu1 = int(stdout1.read().decode('utf-8'))
    cpu = 100 - cpu1
    print('%s节点cpu使用率为百分之%s' % (rs1_ip, cpu))
    if cpu >= 80:
        mail(rs1_ip, 'cpu使用量为%s' % cpu)

    connect2()
    stdin2, stdout2, stderr2 = ssh.exec_command(cpu_cmd)
    cpu2 = int(stdout2.read().decode('utf-8'))
    cpu = 100 - cpu2
    print('%s节点cpu使用率为百分之%s' % (rs2_ip, cpu))
    if cpu >= 80:
        mail(rs2_ip, 'cpu使用量为%s' % cpu)

def free():
    connect1()
    stdin1, stdout1, stderr1 = ssh.exec_command(free_cmd)
    free1 = int(stdout1.read().decode('utf-8'))
    print('%s节点磁盘剩余空间为%sM' % (rs1_ip, free1))
    if free1 <= 200:
        mail(ds_ip, '磁盘剩余空间为%sM' % free1)

    connect2()
    stdin2, stdout2, stderr2 = ssh.exec_command(disk_cmd)
    free2 = int(stdout2.read().decode('utf-8'))
    print('%s节点磁盘剩余空间为%sM' % (rs2_ip, free2))
    if free2 <= 200:
        mail(ds_ip, '磁盘剩余空间为%sM' % free2)

def main():
    while True:
        http()
        cpu()
        free()
        disk()
        time.sleep(60)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

四、用python编写一键部署数据库主从服务

主服务器

import pexpect
import os
import configparser

# HOSTNAME_DB1='db1'
# HOSTNAME_DB2='db2'
# DB1 = '192.168.254.24'
# DB2 = '192.168.254.27'
DBPASSWORD = '1'

def repo():
    os.system('touch /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo')
    with open('/etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo','w',encoding='utf8') as f:
        f.write('[mariadb]')
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config.read("/etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo", encoding="utf-8")
    config.set('mariadb', 'name', 'MariaDB')
    config.set('mariadb', 'baseurl', 'http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.3/centos7-amd64/')
    config.set('mariadb', 'gpgkey', 'http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB')
    config.set('mariadb', 'gpgcheck', '1')
    config.write(open('/etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo','w'))
def mariadb():
    a = os.system('yum install MariaDB -y &> /dev/null')
    if a == 0:
        b = os.system('systemctl start mariadb &> /dev/null')
        if b == 0:
            print('mariadb启动成功')
        child = pexpect.spawn('mysql_secure_installation')
        child.expect('enter for none')
        child.sendline('')
        child.expect('Y/n')
        child.sendline('y')
        child.expect('New')
        child.sendline(DBPASSWORD)
        child.expect('Re-enter')
        child.sendline(DBPASSWORD)
        child.expect('successfully')
        child.sendline('')
        child.sendline('')
        child.sendline('')
        child.sendline('')
        child.interact()
        child.close()
def db1():
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config.read("/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf", encoding="utf-8")
    config.set('mysqld', 'server-id', '1')
    config.set('mysqld', 'log-bin', 'mysql-bin')
    config.write(open('/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf','w'))
    b = os.system('systemctl restart mariadb')
    if b ==  0:
        # os.system('mysql -uroot -p%s' % DBPASSWORD)
        # os.system("CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'slave';")
        # os.system("GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';")
        # os.system('flush privileges;')
        # os.system('show master status')
        child = pexpect.spawn('mysql -uroot -p1')
        child.expect('none')
        child.sendline("CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'slave';")
        child.expect('none')
        child.sendline("GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';")
        child.expect('none')
        child.sendline('flush privileges;')
        child.expect('none')
        child.sendline('show master status;')
        child.interact()
        child.close()
def main():
    repo()
    mariadb()
    db1()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

从服务器

import pexpect
import os
import configparser

# HOSTNAME_DB1='db1'
# HOSTNAME_DB2='db2'
DB1 = '192.168.102.143'
# DB2 = '192.168.254.27'
DBPASSWORD = '1'

def repo():
    os.system('touch /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo')
    with open('/etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo','w',encoding='utf8') as f:
        f.write('[mariadb]')
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config.read("/etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo", encoding="utf-8")
    config.set('mariadb', 'name', 'MariaDB')
    config.set('mariadb', 'baseurl', 'http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.3/centos7-amd64/')
    config.set('mariadb', 'gpgkey', 'http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB')
    config.set('mariadb', 'gpgcheck', '1')
    config.write(open('/etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo','w'))

def mariadb():
    a = os.system('yum install MariaDB -y')
    if a == 0:
        b = os.system('systemctl start mariadb &> /dev/null')
        if b == 0:
            print('mariadb启动成功')
        child = pexpect.spawn('mysql_secure_installation')
        child.expect('enter for none')
        child.sendline('')
        child.expect('Y/n')
        child.sendline('y')
        child.expect('New')
        child.sendline(DBPASSWORD)
        child.expect('Re-enter')
        child.sendline(DBPASSWORD)
        child.expect('successfully')
        child.sendline('')
        child.sendline('')
        child.sendline('')
        child.sendline('')

def db2():
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config.read("/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf", encoding="utf-8")
    config.set('mysqld', 'server-id', '2')
    config.write(open('/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf','w'))
    b = os.system('systemctl restart mariadb')
    if b ==  0:
        bin = 'mysql-bin.000001'
        pos = 765
        # os.system('mysql -uroot -p%s' % DBPASSWORD)
        # os.system('''mysql -uroot -p%s -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='%s', MASTER_USER='slave', MASTER_PASSWORD='slave', MASTER_LOG_FILE='%s', MASTER_LOG_POS=%s;"''' % (DBPASSWORD,DB1,bin,pos))
        # os.system("mysql -uroot -p%s -e 'start slave;'" % DBPASSWORD)
        child = pexpect.spawn('mysql -uroot -p%s' % DBPASSWORD)
        child.expect('none')
        child.sendline("CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='%s', MASTER_USER='slave', MASTER_PASSWORD='slave', MASTER_LOG_FILE='%s', MASTER_LOG_POS=%s;" % (DB1,bin,pos))
        child.expect('none')
        child.sendline( 'start slave;' )
        child.interact()
        child.close()
def main():
    repo()
    mariadb()
    db2()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()