python3 scrapy 爬取腾讯招聘

安装scrapy不再赘述，

在控制台中输入scrapy startproject tencent 创建爬虫项目名字为 tencent

接着cd tencent

用pycharm打开tencent项目

构建item文件

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-   # Define here the models for your scraped items # # See documentation in: # http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html   import scrapy     class TencentItem(scrapy.Item):     # define the fields for your item here like:     # name = scrapy.Field()     #职位名     positionname = scrapy.Field()     #详细链接     positionLink = scrapy.Field()     #职位类别     positionType = scrapy.Field()     #招聘人数     peopleNum = scrapy.Field()     #工作地点     workLocation = scrapy.Field()     #发布时间     publishTime = scrapy.Field()

　　接着在spiders文件夹中新建tencentPostition.py文件代码如下注释写的很清楚

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import scrapy from tencent.items import TencentItem   class TencentpostitionSpider(scrapy.Spider):     #爬虫名     name = 'tencent'     #爬虫域     allowed_domains = ['tencent.com']     #设置URL     url = 'http://hr.tencent.com/position.php?&start='     #设置页码     offset = 0     #默认url     start_urls = [url+str(offset)]       def parse(self, response):         #xpath匹配规则         for each in response.xpath("//tr[@class='even'] | //tr[@class='odd']"):             item = TencentItem()             # 职位名             item["positionname"] = each.xpath("./td[1]/a/text()").extract()[0]             # 详细链接             item["positionLink"] = each.xpath("./td[1]/a/@href").extract()[0]             # 职位类别             try:                 item["positionType"] = each.xpath("./td[2]/text()").extract()[0]             except:                 item["positionType"] = '空'             # 招聘人数             item["peopleNum"] = each.xpath("./td[3]/text()").extract()[0]             # 工作地点             item["workLocation"] = each.xpath("./td[4]/text()").extract()[0]             # 发布时间             item["publishTime"] = each.xpath("./td[5]/text()").extract()[0]             #把数据交给管道文件             yield item         #设置新URL页码         if(self.offset<2620):             self.offset += 10         #把请求交给控制器         yield scrapy.Request(self.url+str(self.offset),callback=self.parse)

　　接着配置管道文件pipelines.py代码如下

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-   # Define your item pipelines here # # Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting # See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html   import json class TencentPipeline(object):     def __init__(self):         #在初始化方法中打开文件         self.fileName = open("tencent.json","wb")       def process_item(self, item, spider):         #把数据转换为字典再转换成json         text = json.dumps(dict(item),ensure_ascii=False)+" "         #写到文件中编码设置为utf-8         self.fileName.write(text.encode("utf-8"))         #返回item         return item       def close_spider(self,spider):         #关闭时关闭文件         self.fileName.close()

　　接下来需要配置settings.py文件

不遵循ROBOTS规则

1	ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

　　

1 2	#下载延迟 DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3

　　

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#设置请求头 DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {     'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36',     'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8', }

　

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#交给哪个管道文件处理 文件夹.管道文件名.类名 ITEM_PIPELINES = {     'tencent.pipelines.TencentPipeline': 300, }

　接下来再控制台中输入　

scrapy crawl tencent

即可爬取

源码地址

https://github.com/ingxx/scrapy_to_tencent