WCF RestFul例子

这里没有理论上的东西，仅仅是做下记录。我这个例子偷懒下了，直接在VS2008里面建了个WCF服务应用程序

一、接口,用WebGet的时候需要添加命名空间：System.ServiceModel;System.ServiceModel.Web;

[ServiceContract]
    public interface IEmployeeService
    {
        [WebGet(UriTemplate = "employees", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        [OperationContract]
        List<Employee> GetAll();

        [WebGet(UriTemplate = "employees/{id}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        [OperationContract]
        Employee GetById(string id);

        [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", UriTemplate = "add", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        [OperationContract]
        void Add(Employee employee);

        [WebInvoke(Method = "PUT", UriTemplate = "edit", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        [OperationContract]
        void Edit(Employee employee);

        [WebInvoke(Method = "DELETE", UriTemplate = "delete/{id}")]
        [OperationContract]
        void Delete(string id);
    }

二、实体类

[DataContract]
    public class Employee
    {
        [DataMember]
        public int Id { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string Name { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string Description { get; set; }
    }

三、接口实现类

[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single)]
    public class EmployeeService : IEmployeeService
    {
        public List<Employee> Employees { get; set; }
        public EmployeeService()
        {
            Employees = new List<Employee> 
            { 
                new Employee{ Id=1, Name="jack",Description="this is jack"},
                new Employee{ Id=2, Name="tom",Description="this is tom"},
                new Employee{ Id=3, Name="paul",Description="this is paul"}
            };
        }
        #region IEmployeeService Members

        public List<Employee> GetAll()
        {
            return Employees;
        }

        public Employee GetById(string id)
        {
            return Employees.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Id == int.Parse(id));
        }

        public void Add(Employee employee)
        {
            Employees.Add(employee);
        }

        public void Edit(Employee employee)
        {
            var entity = Employees.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Id == employee.Id);
            entity.Name = employee.Name;
            entity.Description = employee.Description;
        }

        public void Delete(string id)
        {
            Employees.RemoveAll(e => e.Id == int.Parse(id));
        }

        #endregion
    }

四、配置文件，

 binding="webHttpBinding"  绑定方式一定要用webHttpBinding

<system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="WCFRestfulSample.EmployeeServiceBehavior" name="WCFRestfulSample.EmployeeService">
        <endpoint address="" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="WCFRestfulSample.IEmployeeService" behaviorConfiguration="WCFRestfulSample.RestfulBehavior">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="WCFRestfulSample.RestfulBehavior">
          <webHttp/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="WCFRestfulSample.EmployeeServiceBehavior">
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <!--<bindings>
      <webHttpBinding>
        <binding name="defaultRest" >
          <readerQuotas maxStringContentLength="2147483647" maxArrayLength="2147483647" maxBytesPerRead="2147483647" maxDepth="64" maxNameTableCharCount="2147483647" />
          <security mode="None" />
        </binding>
      </webHttpBinding>
    </bindings>-->
  </system.serviceModel>

五、调用过程

const string sUserAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)";
        const string sContentType = "application/json";
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Add();
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
        static void Select()
        {
            HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create("http://localhost:32582/EmployeeService.svc/employees") as HttpWebRequest;
            request.Method = "GET";
            request.ContentType = "text/html;charset=UTF-8";
            string result = string.Empty;
            using (HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
            {
                using (var reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default))
                {
                    result = reader.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }
        
        static void Add()
        {
            string url = "http://localhost:32582/EmployeeService.svc/add";
            HttpWebRequest httpRequest = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
            httpRequest.UserAgent = sUserAgent;
            httpRequest.ContentType = sContentType;
            httpRequest.Method = "POST";

            //一定要先序列化然后在写入流
            byte[] data = GetPostData();

            httpRequest.ContentLength = data.Length;
            using (Stream requestStream = httpRequest.GetRequestStream())
                requestStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
            using (var responseStream = httpRequest.GetResponse().GetResponseStream())
            {
                using (StreamReader responseReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8))
                {
                    var result = responseReader.ReadToEnd();
                    Console.WriteLine("post return result:{0}", result);
                }
            }
        }

        static byte[] GetPostData()
        {
            var employee = new Employee()
            {
                Id = 98,
                Name = "123sdf3",
                Description = "this is my test..."
            };
            var json = ToJson(employee);
            Console.WriteLine(json);
            return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(json);
        }
        static string ToJson(object item)
        {
            DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(item.GetType());

            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                serializer.WriteObject(ms, item);

                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

                sb.Append(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));

                return sb.ToString();

            }

        }
        [DataContract]
        public class Employee
        {
            [DataMember]
            public int Id { get; set; }
            [DataMember]
            public string Name { get; set; }
            [DataMember]
            public string Description { get; set; }
        }