DOCKER学习_015:Docker网络补充

1 Docker容器使用LINK方式互通

在前面的网络实验中,当同一主机的两个Docker容器,使用Bridge网桥互通时,我们必须使用docker inspect Dockerid查找出Dockers容器的IP,然后才能通信,现在可以使用LINK这种方式,让两个容器进行通信

首先创建一个容器

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker run -d openssh:v1.7

a8ada684e599da9266e91e5fb9ca771403e345be16c27ac1de238471e21fc8d4

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
a8ada684e599        openssh:v1.7        "/bin/sh -c '/usr/sb…"   3 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        22/tcp, 80/tcp      confident_hypatia

只用LINK方式在创建一个容器

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker run -d --link  confident_hypatia:openssh  nginx:v1.5

confident_hypatia:openssh这个意思时容器名:别名,方便识别

e4940929960c33d5fb093eef55253219c45895f0b77795e7cf22ba3f9b2edcba

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
e4940929960c        nginx:v1.5          "/build.sh nginx -g …"   12 seconds ago      Up 11 seconds       80/tcp              zealous_villani
a8ada684e599        openssh:v1.7        "/bin/sh -c '/usr/sb…"   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes        22/tcp, 80/tcp      confident_hypatia

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker exec -it e4940929960c  /bin/bash

[root@e4940929960c html]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1    localhost
::1    localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0    ip6-localnet
ff00::0    ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1    ip6-allnodes
ff02::2    ip6-allrouters
192.168.0.2    openssh a8ada684e599 confident_hypatia
192.168.0.3    e4940929960c

可以看到,使用LINK的方式,就是把容器名,容器ID,别名写进hosts,这样就可以直接使用主机名或者dokerid进行通信

[root@e4940929960c html]# ping openssh

[root@e4940929960c html]# ping confident_hypatia

[root@e4940929960c html]# ping a8ada684e599

PING openssh (192.168.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from openssh (192.168.0.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.135 ms
64 bytes from openssh (192.168.0.2): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.124 ms

但是LINK不能跨主机

2 Dockers创建容器时,可以指定IP,但是必须要使用自定义的网络,才能指定IP

例如:

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker run -d  --net bridge --ip 192.168.0.20 nginx:v1.5

10694bcf9b8709a5161d71f0baef42ad5f555234b3eced853a2eae0167f4d633
docker: Error response from daemon: user specified IP address is supported on user defined networks only.

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
10694bcf9b87        nginx:v1.5          "/build.sh nginx -g …"   8 seconds ago       Created                                 practical_ritchie

创建一个自定义网络

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 172.22.16.0/24 --gateway 172.22.16.1 my_net3　　

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker network ls

NETWORK ID          NAME                DRIVER              SCOPE
3b13bd244134        bridge              bridge              local
e3d5265467e4        host                host                local
8f5945aac199        my_net3             bridge              local
eb34937c52b0        none                null                local

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker run -d -it --net my_net3 --ip 172.22.16.10 nginx:v1.5

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
f97a5669c5d6        nginx:v1.5          "/build.sh nginx -g …"   6 seconds ago       Up 5 seconds        80/tcp              beautiful_wilbur
10694bcf9b87        nginx:v1.5          "/build.sh nginx -g …"   2 minutes ago       Created                                 practical_ritchie

[root@docker-server3 ~]# docker inspect f97a5669c5d6|grep IP 

"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "",
            "IPPrefixLen": 0,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "IPAMConfig": {
                        "IPv4Address": "172.22.16.10"
                    "IPAddress": "172.22.16.10",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 24,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,

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