课上内容（Lesson)
简单句: 简单句就是只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句。
并列句: 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子叫并列句。并列句2个句子顺序互换不影响句子主干。
复合句:
subordinate clause 从句
conjunction 引导词
# 宾语从句小口诀：
宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；
主句一般现在时，从句不须受限制；
主句一般过去时，从句需用相应时；
陈述转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether
特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。
1)引导陈述意义的 句子用that，无实际意义，口语中可以省略。
2）表示“是否”的 意义时用whether或if （当句中有or是只能用whether而不用if）
a. 当从句做介词的宾语是只用whether不用if
We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic.
b. 引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether.
Could you tell me whether you go or not?
3）引导特殊疑问句意义的句子时用特殊疑问词who, whose, whom, which, what, when, where, 或how.
宾语从句的语序: 无论什么引导词，表达陈述还是疑问，宾语从句都必须用陈述语序。
宾语从句的时态: 主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选用相应的时态，主句的谓语是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要用相应的过去时态，（PS：若从句表示的 是客观真理或自然现象，不论主句时态，从句都用一般现在时态）。
What 什么是从句？
1. 在简单句里面，例如宾语部分使用的不是一个词，而是一句话进行描述，那么此时的宾语，就是宾语从句。
I wonder (Is she studying English now?) 一般疑问句改变为宾语从句：
I wonder if she is studying English now 我想知道她现在是否在学英语 ( 此事的一般疑问句用的引导词是（if/whether 表示 是否），后面把一般疑问句修改为陈述句）
I wonder (When will she come here tomorrow?) 特殊疑问句改变为宾语从句：
I wonder when she'll come here tomorrow 我想知道她明天什么时候来这里
词汇（Key Word ）
句型（Sentences）
I hear (that) physics isn't easy.
I think(that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we'll have the meeting.
Could you tell me what's the matter wrong with you?
概念： 在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可以做介词的宾语。
He said he was good at drawing.
He asks him how long Mike has been down.
Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.
# 宾语从句时态
a. 当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：
Do you know (if/whether he has seen the film)?
b. 当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：
I didn't know( if / whether he had seen the film)
PS：若从句表示的 是客观真理或自然现象，不论主句时态，从句都用一般现在时态。例如：
He said （that the earth moves round the sun.）
# 人称的变化和标点的使用
a. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主语一致；
如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；
如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：
“May I use your knife?” He asked me. --> He asked me if he might use my knife.
if 引导词
might 主语是过去式，跟着变化
he 从句主语是【第一人称】需要变化为和主句一致
"Do you know her telephone number?" He asked me.
He asked me if I known her telephone number.
# 宾语从句的转化
1. 当主句谓语动词是hope, wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：
She agreed that she could help me with my maths. --> She agreed to help me with my maths.
2. 当主语的位于动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也必须一致，这时从句可以简化成“疑问词”+ 不定式结构。例如：
I don't know which sweater I should buy. --> I don't know which sweater to buy.
Sorry, I don't know what I should to say --> Sorry, I don't know what to say
*仅做了解* 3. 当主句的位于动词是ask, tell,show,teach 等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词+不定式结构”，或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。如：
Could you tell me how to get to the park?
*仅做了解* 4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补“结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
如： She found that the wallet lay / was lying on the ground. --> She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
语法（Grammar）
练习（Exercise）
1. Have you decided when will you leave for Australia? × 主谓宾 陈述句
> Have you decided when you will leave
2. Can you tell me where Tom lives?
> Can you tell me where Tome lives √
3. The old man asked me where the cinema was.
> The old man asked me where the cinema was √
4. I think if you will like him × 一般疑问句用（if/whther）
> I think that you will like him
5. I didn't know whether he will come or not
> I didn't know whether he will come or not √
6. I wonder these shoes cost × 从句不通顺，这些鞋子成本？
> I wonder how much these shoes cost
7. She asked me who he was
> She asked me who he was √
8. Ask him whose cup this is
> Ask him whose cup this is √
9. I don't know what time the movie starts
> I don't know what time the movie starts √
10.The doctor asked me how long I had been ill
> The doctor asked me how long I had been ill √
11. The weather forecast doesn't say if it will rain tomorrow
> The weather forecast doesn't say if it will rain tomorrow √
12. Do you know whose pen is this? × 从句主语是“this”？ “whose pen ”是信号词？
> Do you know whose pen this is
He asked me how long it takes to go to Beijing by train. 过去时，单词形式错误
>He asked me how it took to go to Beijing by train.
Let's go and see what they do on the playground 现在完成时，单词形式错误
>Let's go and see what they are doing on the playgroud
He told me some person is waiting for me 主句过去时，单词形式错误
> He told me someone was waiting for me
I'm afraid if he isn't come back tonight 主句将来时，单词形式错误
> I'm afraid that he won't back this evenig
I didn't know if the film is begin 主句过去时， 单词形式错误
> I didn't know whether the film had begun
Could you tell me if that is bus station?
> Could you tell me whether the bus-stop is over there.
Please tell us what you saw in the Shanghai 主句一般现在时，单词形式错误
> Please tell us what you've seen in Shanghai
Have you heard who will teach us math next term?
Would you tell me which train I can take
I wonder why you are interested in this matter