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  • ansible 循环与条件判断when

    普通循环

    with_itemes  变量组
    
      { item }  循环变量

    示例

    - name: 覆盖配置文件
          copy: src=/root/{{ item }} dest=/root/test/{{ item }}
          with_items:
          - a.txt
          - b.txt
          - c.txt
          - d.txt
          - shell   (目录)
    ##会依次将abcd 四个txt文件和 shell目录拷贝到目标文件夹下

    引用sc的一个示例:

    字典循环

    #添加用户
    
    - name: add users
      user: name={{ item }} state=present groups=wheel
      with_items:     
      - testuser1
      - testuser2
    
    - name: add users
      user: name={{ item.name }} state=present groups={{ item.groups }}
      with_items:
      - { name: 'testuser1', groups: 'test1' }
      - { name: 'testuser2', groups: 'test2' }
    

    示例二

    users:
      alice:
        name: Alice Appleworth
        telephone: 123-456-7890
      bob:              #key
        name: Bob Bananarama    #value1
        telephone: 987-654-3210   #value2
    
    tasks:
      - name: Print records
        debug: msg="User {{ item.key }} is {{ item.value.name }} ({{ item.value.telephone }})"
        with_dict: "{{ users }}"

    示例三

    执行结果

    嵌套循环

    ---
    - name: test
      hosts: test
      tasks:
        - name: test
          command: "echo name={{ item[0] }} priv={{ item[1] }}"
          with_nested:
            - [ 'alice', 'bob' ]
            - [ 'clientdb', 'employeedb', 'providerdb' ]

    ##item[0]是循环的第一个列表的值['alice','bob'];item[1]是第二个列表的值。

     

    打印结果:

      

    文件循环

    inventory循环(with_inventory_hostnames)

    # show all the hosts in the inventory
    - debug: msg={{ item }}
      with_inventory_hostnames: all
    
    # show all the hosts matching the pattern, ie all but the group www
    - debug: msg={{ item }}
      with_inventory_hostnames: all:!www
    

    with_fileglob:

    ---
    - hosts: test
      gather_facts: False
      tasks:
          - name: display value    ##列举某个目录下的某些文件
            debug: msg="file is {{ item }}"
            with_fileglob:
                - /root/*.zip
    

    条件判断when与register变量

    register官网示例

    register 可接受多个task的结果作为变量临时存储,示例:

    ---
    - hosts: test
      gather_facts: False
      tasks:
          - name: display value
            shell: "{{ item }}"
            with_items:
                - hostname
                - uname
            register: ret
          - name: display loops
            debug: msg="{% for i in ret.results %} {{ i.stdout }} {% endfor %}"

     执行结果:

     

    when 官网示例

     

    其它示例:

    判断分支是否在git分支列表,如果不在,运行某个脚本

    - command: chdir=/path/to/project  git branch
      register: git_branches
    
    - command: /path/to/project/git-clean.sh
      when: "('release-v2' no in git_branches.stdout)"

    判断某个文件是否存在

    - stat: path=/etc/hosts
       register: host_file
    
    - copy: src=/path/to/local/file  dest=/path/to/remote/file
       when: host_file.stat.exists == false

    其它示例

    changed_when && failed_when

    对命令运行结果进行判断。

    示例

    比如判断某个软件是否安装成功
    
    - name: install git
       yum: name=git state=latest
       register: git_install
    
       changed_when: " 'nothing to install or upgrade' not in git_install.stdout"    #表示输出的结果中没有 notthing to install ..才返回change结果

    ignore_errors: true 屏蔽错误信息

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/FRESHMANS/p/8127023.html
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