IOS， Android, Java Web Rest : RSA 加密和解密问题
一对公钥私钥可以使用 OpenSSL创建， 通常 1024位长度够了.
注意：
1. 公钥私钥是BASE64编码的，私钥需要转换成PKCS8格式;
2. 密文是字节数组，可以转化为BASE64编码字符串或16进制字符串。
3.JAVA,Android RSA 加密默认是"RSA/None/NoPadding", IOS需要调用方法进行设置。
(1)IOS RSA 加密算法，
https://github.com/ideawu/Objective-C-RSA
加密模式是"RSA/None/NoPadding", IOS需要调用方法进行设置。
(2)Android, Java , RSA加密:
下面是Java代码 (公钥私钥需要替换成你自己的，否则不工作!)
加密默认是"RSA/None/NoPadding"
package com.jcfax.app.utils;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.Security;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;//将base64转换为byte[]
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;//转byet[]换为base64
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
//================================================================================
public class RSAEncrypt {
/** 指定加密算法为RSA */
private static String ALGORITHM = "RSA";
/** 指定key的大小 */
private static int KEYSIZE = 1024;
//String source_text= "Hello,World!";
//RSA Public key
private static final String DEFAULT_PUBLIC_KEY=
"MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DwQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDSS5owhX3tsB5tCuVuJMZrmMrq" + "
" +
"KmctKjAUOdBAFO2i5VvJzVTwwCxY3XJ2L9pAZZDKorpxCrkQ7b6sA+93lxJ6TABtq" + "
" +
"kRaGaEJEE2GclgkkdCesozecGkDXitPQ/Y1i+HKVxnNxv9E/a/ChvfGn50DKIW1S" + "
" +
"Pzna8iFwgEq1QcUrrfwIDAQAB" + "
";
//RSA Private Key (PKCS8 格式)
private static final String DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY=
"MIICdwIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmEwggJdAgEAAoGBANJLmjCFfe2wHm0K" + "
" +
"5W4kxmuYyuoqZy0qMBQ50EAU7aLlW8nNVPALFjdcnYv2kBlkMqiunEKuRDtvqwD7" + "
" +
"3eXEnpMAG2qRFoZoQkQTYZyWCSR0J6yjN5waQNeK09D9jWL4cpXGc3G/0T9r8KG9" + "
" +
"8afnQMohbVI/OdryIWASrVBxSut/AgMBAAECgYEAj7qMT81tHB7bLLvdw0HvO2ra" + "
" +
"hOEmU4AaDDjXVHT5VfRcn7hu7QEm1f++zgJeynvpA9ETi59/kv/naGy8ZGXV2nRG" + "
" +
"cWK0U5+6DgT7oOeG6KlZie3Hw/KHPlKnwW3FoXRIh4bSGcxx6pxyrxCwQYKzM4Yc" + "
" +
"VetYXBS6gnZbuj8D8YECQQD8+dl0rG2Xm/Khn0M69g3rStL4QAaLXGOcB0uiDl+J" + "
" +
"trpw3D1fDN/yFrrE0VzxzvXxalGzVn4NOP/PZckvjUZ3AkEA1M8kg3xlPWQURfKZ" + "
" +
"KpBphPa13v1V2ot43Ce2wHTwpxXU9Uj5cwlz/+Jv5VZSwiYNCXwPkv79Kh8d14nMZ" + "
" +
"L+tdOQJBANrZav48jTKzftvDY+4GH1SGjqyk9wRpEONSjGPN+2iv4+rvHUi1YqeU" + "
" +
"ck8CsF2gpbQMPlHfaX0W6ncJn1q75VECQCB84xEjq3z8y0+GYrWpyEIhO9CoEjRD" + "
" +
"+JZ7hZ3J+2pGpK7qkFSnx/gXL7BN+8lyfW5t9L0FIgaqf6erdJvpLZkCQEmc2Ml2" + "
" +
"bgTq5sWFr+KsI+yWxUgP76M4JP7u8/XeH7a16nJSj/D6xSpkYz9bYkOI2Ulh3wbE" + "
" +
"sLxepdwmlvm3kSIY=" + "
";
/**
* 私钥
*/
private RSAPrivateKey privateKey;
/**
* 公钥
*/
private RSAPublicKey publicKey;
/**
* 字节数据转字符串专用集合
*/
private static final char[] HEX_CHAR= {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
/**
* 获取私钥
* @return 当前的私钥对象
*/
public RSAPrivateKey getPrivateKey() {
return privateKey;
}
/**
* 获取公钥
* @return 当前的公钥对象
*/
public RSAPublicKey getPublicKey() {
return publicKey;
}
/**
* 随机生成密钥对：1024位密钥
*/
public void genKeyPair(){
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen= null;
try {
keyPairGen= KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
keyPairGen.initialize(KEYSIZE, new SecureRandom());
KeyPair keyPair= keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
this.privateKey= (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
this.publicKey= (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
}
/**
* 从文件中输入流中加载公钥
* @param in 公钥输入流
* @throws Exception 加载公钥时产生的异常
*/
public void loadPublicKey(InputStream in) throws Exception{
try {
BufferedReader br= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String readLine= null;
StringBuilder sb= new StringBuilder();
while((readLine= br.readLine())!=null){
if(readLine.charAt(0)=='-'){
continue;
}else{
sb.append(readLine);
sb.append('
');
}
}
loadPublicKey(sb.toString());
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥数据流读取错误");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥输入流为空");
}
}
/**
* 从字符串中加载公钥
* @param publicKeyStr 公钥数据字符串
* @throws Exception 加载公钥时产生的异常
*/
public void loadPublicKey(String publicKeyStr) throws Exception{
//System.out.println("==print publicKeyStr==");
//System.out.println(publicKeyStr);
try {
BASE64Decoder base64Decoder= new BASE64Decoder();
byte[] buffer= base64Decoder.decodeBuffer(publicKeyStr);
//System.out.println(new String(buffer));
KeyFactory keyFactory= KeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec= new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
this.publicKey= (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此算法");
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥非法");
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥数据内容读取错误");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥数据为空");
}
}
/**
* 从文件中加载私钥
* @param keyFileName 私钥文件名
* @return 是否成功
* @throws Exception
*/
public void loadPrivateKey(InputStream in) throws Exception{
try {
BufferedReader br= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String readLine= null;
StringBuilder sb= new StringBuilder();
while((readLine= br.readLine())!=null){
if(readLine.charAt(0)=='-'){
continue;
}else{
sb.append(readLine);
sb.append('
');
}
}
loadPrivateKey(sb.toString());
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥数据读取错误");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥输入流为空");
}
}
public void loadPrivateKey(String privateKeyStr) throws Exception{
//System.out.println("==print privateKeyStr==");
//System.out.println(privateKeyStr);
try {
BASE64Decoder base64Decoder= new BASE64Decoder();
byte[] buffer= base64Decoder.decodeBuffer(privateKeyStr);
//System.out.println(new String(buffer));
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec= new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
KeyFactory keyFactory= KeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
this.privateKey= (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此算法");
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥非法");
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥数据内容读取错误");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥数据为空");
}
}
/**
* 加密过程
* @param publicKey 公钥
* @param plainTextData 明文数据
* @return
* @throws Exception 加密过程中的异常信息
*/
public byte[] encrypt(RSAPublicKey publicKey, byte[] plainTextData) throws Exception{
if(publicKey== null){
throw new Exception("加密公钥为空, 请设置");
}
Cipher cipher= null;
try {
cipher= Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM, new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] output= cipher.doFinal(plainTextData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此加密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("加密公钥非法,请检查");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("明文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("明文数据已损坏");
}
}
/**
* 解密过程
* @param privateKey 私钥
* @param cipherData 密文数据
* @return 明文
* @throws Exception 解密过程中的异常信息
*/
public byte[] decrypt(RSAPrivateKey privateKey, byte[] cipherData) throws Exception{
if (privateKey== null){
throw new Exception("解密私钥为空, 请设置");
}
Cipher cipher= null;
try {
cipher= Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM, new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
//Security.addProvider(new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
//final Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(PADDING, PROVIDER);
byte[] output= cipher.doFinal(cipherData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此解密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("解密私钥非法,请检查");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("密文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("密文数据已损坏");
}
}
/**
* 字节数据转十六进制字符串
* @param data 输入数据
* @return 十六进制内容
*/
public static String byteArrayToString(byte[] data){
//char[] HEX_CHAR= {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
StringBuilder stringBuilder= new StringBuilder();
for (int i=0; i<data.length; i++){
//取出字节的高四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符 注意无符号右移
stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0xf0)>>> 4]);
//取出字节的低四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符
stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0x0f)]);
// if (i<data.length-1){
// stringBuilder.append(' ');
// }
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
private static byte toByte(char c) {
byte b = (byte) "0123456789abcdef".indexOf(c);
return b;
}
/**
* 把16进制字符串转换成字节数组
* @param hex
* @return
*/
public static byte[] hexStringToByte(String hex) {
int len = (hex.length() / 2);
byte[] result = new byte[len];
char[] achar = hex.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
int pos = i * 2;
result[i] = (byte) (toByte(achar[pos]) << 4 | toByte(achar[pos + 1]));
}
return result;
}
//===================================================================
//测试用例
public static void main(String[] args) {
RSAEncrypt rsaEncrypt= new RSAEncrypt();
//rsaEncrypt.genKeyPair();
//加载公钥
try {
rsaEncrypt.loadPublicKey(RSAEncrypt.DEFAULT_PUBLIC_KEY);
System.out.println("Loading RSA Public Key,成功!");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println(e.getMessage());
System.err.println("Loading RSA Public Key,失败!");
}
//加载私钥
try {
rsaEncrypt.loadPrivateKey(RSAEncrypt.DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY);
System.out.println("Loading RSA Private Key,成功!");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println(e.getMessage());
System.err.println("Loading RSA Private Key,失败!");
}
long currentTime =System.currentTimeMillis();
System.err.println(currentTime/1000);
//测试字符串
//System.out.println("--print source_text --");
String source_text= "Hello,World!";
// System.out.println(source_text);
// System.out.println("明文长度:"+ source_text.length());
try {
//使用公钥加密
System.out.println("==使用公钥加密==");
byte[] cipher_byte = rsaEncrypt.encrypt(rsaEncrypt.getPublicKey(), source_text.getBytes());
System.out.println(new String(cipher_byte));
System.out.println("密文长度:"+ cipher_byte.length);
//for(int i=0;i<cipher_text.length;i++)
// System.out.println(cipher_text[i]);
//System.out.println(RSAEncrypt.byteArrayToString(cipher_byte));
//String cipher_hex="7e4f2c4794d19a1800060f0d716411d8c1eebefb080415154eb39ef3f703377dec058b0c319f729b4fe40fba5656ee71f75efe1b7b80683207243e7ec1ee81b854ea39768a0bb190923a2437a1f51bff11fc4c0847cf6c4c46c4010f54af4334cd7a88ca9d846c3ea2e12e7d5744c949d174483bf78c08d68a89b4d5cdb9fc65";
//cipher_byte=RSAEncrypt.hexStringToByte(cipher_hex);
//System.out.println(new String(cipher_byte));
//使用私钥解密，从这里开始！
System.out.println("==使用私钥解密,得到明文!==");
//byte[] cipher_byte 密文二进制数组,最大长度小于128 Bytes.
byte[] plain_text = rsaEncrypt.decrypt(rsaEncrypt.getPrivateKey(), cipher_byte);
System.out.println(new String(plain_text));
//System.out.println("明文长度:"+ plain_text.length);
//System.out.println(RSAEncrypt.byteArrayToString(plain_text));
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
--