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  • SpringBoot28 RabbitMQ知识点、Docker下载RabbitMQ、SpringBoot整合RabbtiMQ

    1 RabbitMQ知识点

      1.1 整体架构图

        消息生产者将消息投递到exchange中,exchange会以某种路由机制将生产者投递的消息路由到queue中,消息消费者再从queue中获取消息进行消费

      1.2 核心概念

        1.2.1 server

          又称Broker,接收客户端的连接,实现AMQP实体服务

        1.2.2 Connection

          连接,应用服务与Broker的网络连接(PS:和JDBC中的connection作用相似)

        1.2.3 Channel

          网络信道,几乎所有的操作都在Channel中进行,Channel是进行消息读写的通道。客户端可建立多个Channel,每个Channel代表一个会话。【PS:相当于JDBC的Statement】

        1.2.4 Message

          消息,服务器和应用程序之间传递的数据,由Properties和Body组成;Properties可以对消息进行修饰,比如消息的优先级、迟延等高级特性;Body则就是消息的内容。

        1.2.5 Virtual Host

          虚拟地址,用于进行逻辑隔离的最上层的消息路由。一个Virtual Host 里面可以有若干个Exchange 和 Queue,同一个Virtual Host里面不能有相同名称的Exchange或Queue;默认是 / , Virtual Host 通常用来进行项目划分,即:一个项目相关的exchange 和 queue 都在一个Virtual Host中。

         1.2.6 Exchange

          交换机,用于接收消息;根据路由键转发消息绑定的队列

        1.2.7 Binding

          Exchange 和 Queue 之间的虚拟连接,Binding 可以包含routing key。

        1.2.8 Routing Key

          一个路由规则,虚拟机可以用它来确定如何路由一个特定消息;就是exchange和queue的路由规则

        1.2.9 Queue

          也称Message Queue,消息队列,保存消息并将他们转发给消费者

       1.3 RabbitMQ消息的流转

        消息发布者会发送一个消息、exchange、routeing Key 到rabbtiMQ,他们先经过 Virtual Host , 再经过 Exchange, 再到Queue;消息消费者再到Queue中获取消息

    2 Docker下载RabbiMQ

      2.1 Docker环境搭建

        请参见另外一篇博文:点击前往

        docker版本为:

      2.2 安装RabbitMQ

        2.2.1 拉取RabbitMQ镜像

    docker pull rabbitmq:3.7.7-management

          技巧01:rabbitMQ的版本可以去官网进行查看

        2.2.2 查看拉取的镜像列表

        2.2.3 创建并启动rabbitMQ容器

    docker run -d --hostname my-rabbit -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 rabbitmq:3.7.7-management

          技巧01:-p 是将虚拟机的端口和docker中的端口做一个映射,这样访问虚拟机的端口就相当于访问了docker中的端口

          技巧02:5672是连接rabbtiMQ的端口,15672是连接rabbitMQ管理页面的端口

        2.2.4 查看启动的rabbitMQ容器

      2.3 连接rabbitMQ管理页面

        技巧01:直接在浏览器访问 虚拟机IP + rabbtiMQ管理页面端口 即可,例如:

    http://192.168.233.135:15672/

        技巧02:第一次访问的时候需要输入用户名和用户密码,默认的用户名和用户密码是guest

        技巧03:访问成功后的界面如下

    3 SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ之消费发布者

      3.1 创建一个SpringBoot项目

        引入相关依赖:web、amqp,其他的都是辅助依赖

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-amqp -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.xunyji</groupId>
        <artifactId>rabbitmq01</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>rabbitmq01</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
        </parent>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-amqp -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-lang3 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
                <version>2.4</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.47</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
    
    
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    
    </project>
    pom.xml

      3.2 配置文件

    # rabbitMQ基本配置
    spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.233.135:5672
    spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
    spring.activemq.password=guest
    spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
    spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000
    
    server.servlet.path=/
    server.port=8001
    
    
    spring.http.encoding.charset=UTF-8
    spring.jackson.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
    spring.jackson.time-zone=GMT+8
    spring.jackson.default-property-inclusion=non_null
    application.properties

      3.3 发布消息

        依赖注入RabbitTemplate的实例并调用实例方法convertAndSend发布消息

        技巧01:在进行发布之前需要在rabbitMQ中设置响应的exchange和queue

        3.3.1 在RabbitMQ中添加exchange

          技巧01:添加完成后exchange列表中就会出现新增的exchange信息

        3.3.2 在RabbitMQ中添加Queue

          技巧01:添加完queue后就会在queue列表中看到新添加的queue

        3.3.3 设置exchange和queue的路由规则

          技巧01:exchange和queue都可以进行设置,只有一方设置了就可以啦

      3.4 测试

        向rabbitMQ发布一则消息

    package com.xunyji.rabbitmq01.producer;
    
    import com.xunyji.rabbitmq01.Rabbitmq01ApplicationTests;
    import com.xunyji.rabbitmq01.entity.Order;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import java.util.UUID;
    
    import static org.junit.Assert.*;
    
    @Component
    @Slf4j
    public class OrderSenderTest extends Rabbitmq01ApplicationTests {
    
        @Autowired
        private OrderSender orderSender;
    
        @Test
        public void test01() throws Exception {
    
            Order order = Order.builder()
                    .id("20180830")
                    .name("测试订单01")
                    .messageId(System.currentTimeMillis() + "$" + UUID.randomUUID().toString())
                    .build();
    
            orderSender.sendOrder(order);
    
    
        }
    
    }
    View Code

        技巧01:发送成功后,queue中就会有有一条为被消费的消息;当消息消费者消费了过后才会从队列中剔除

    4 SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ之消费订阅者

      4.1 创建一个SpringBoot项目

        引入必要依赖:web、ampq,其余都是辅助依赖

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-amqp -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.xunyji</groupId>
        <artifactId>rabbitmq02-consumer</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>rabbitmq02-consumer</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
        </parent>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-amqp -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-lang3 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
                <version>2.4</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.47</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
    
    
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    
    </project>
    pom.xml

      4.2 配置文件

    #springboot整合mq的基本配置
    spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.233.135:5672
    spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
    spring.activemq.password=guest
    spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
    spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000
    
    #springboot整合mq的消费配置
    spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.concurrency=5
    spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.max-concurrency=10
    spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual
    spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.prefetch=1
    
    
    server.servlet.path=/
    server.port=8002
    
    
    spring.http.encoding.charset=UTF-8
    spring.jackson.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
    spring.jackson.time-zone=GMT+8
    spring.jackson.default-property-inclusion=non_null
    View Code

      4.3 消费方法编写

        在消费方法上利用注解开启监听和指定监听那个队列即可

        技巧01:@RabbitHandler 和 @RabbitListener 注解可以自动到rabbitMQ中生成exchange和queue的绑定关系

        4.4 获取消息

          由于rabbitMQ中已经有一条消息待处理了,所以直接启动项目就可以完成消息的消费,消费后rabbitMQ中待消费的消息数量就为0啦

    5 本博文源代码

      点击前往

        

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/NeverCtrl-C/p/9563339.html
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