如何启动 Spring Cloud Gateway
1、新建 Maven 工程,添加相关依赖 pom.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
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<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
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<groupId>com.anoyi</groupId>
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<artifactId>core-gateway</artifactId>
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<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
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<name>core-gateway</name>
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<description>gateway for miroservice</description>
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<properties>
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<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
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<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
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<java.version>1.8</java.version>
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</properties>
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<dependencyManagement>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway</artifactId>
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<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
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<type>pom</type>
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<scope>import</scope>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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</dependencyManagement>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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<build>
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<plugins>
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<plugin>
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<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
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</plugin>
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</plugins>
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</build>
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</project>
2、添加启动类 Application.java
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import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
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import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
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@Configuration
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@SpringBootApplication
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public class Application {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
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}
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}
3、启动 Application(和 Spring Boot 项目一样)
访问 http://localhost:8080/
报错 404,同时日志输出:
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2018-06-27 09:18:48.981 WARN 44156 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] .a.w.r.e.DefaultErrorWebExceptionHandler :
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Failed to handle request [GET http://localhost:8080/]: Response status 404
配置服务的路由:配置文件方式
假设本地启动了另外两个 Spring Boot 服务,分别是 服务A( http://localhost:8081)、服务B( http://localhost:8082 ),下面通过 Spring Cloud Gateway 来路由到这两个服务。
1、在 resources 路径下添加配置文件 application.yml
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spring:
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cloud:
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gateway:
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routes:
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- id: host_route
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uri: http://localhost:8081
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predicates:
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- Path=/a/**
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filters:
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- StripPrefix=1
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- id: host_route
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uri: http://localhost:8082
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predicates:
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- Path=/b/**
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filters:
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- StripPrefix=1
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id:固定,不同 id 对应不同的功能,可参考 官方文档
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uri:目标服务地址
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predicates:路由条件
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filters:过滤规则
2、重启 Gateway 服务
3、测试
访问 http://localhost:8080/a/
路由到 服务A http://localhost:8081/
访问 http://localhost:8080/b/
路由到 服务B http://localhost:8082/
其他地址,例如 http://localhost:8080/a/user/all
路由到 服务A http://localhost:8081/user/all
配置服务的路由:编码方式
实现如上服务路由,还可以通过编码的方式实现。
1、删除配置文件 application.yml
2、修改 Application.java, 添加自定义路由配置
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import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
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import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
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import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.StripPrefixGatewayFilterFactory;
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import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;
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import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
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@SpringBootApplication
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public class Application {
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@Bean
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public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
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StripPrefixGatewayFilterFactory.Config config = new StripPrefixGatewayFilterFactory.Config();
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config.setParts(1);
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return builder.routes()
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.route("host_route", r -> r.path("/a/**").filters(f -> f.stripPrefix(1)).uri("http://localhost:8081"))
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.route("host_route", r -> r.path("/b/**").filters(f -> f.stripPrefix(1)).uri("http://localhost:8082"))
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.build();
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
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}
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}
其他功能
http://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-gateway/single/spring-cloud-gateway.html
官方提供了大量的路由规则,比如Time、Host、Header 等等,同时也提供了大量的过滤器,比如AddRequestHeader、AddRequestParameter、AddResponseHeader 等等。仅通过简单的配置即可实现功能强大的网关服务。