sqlplus技巧

• spool spoolfile append

从10g开始sqlplus支持向已有spool file中追加内容

• SQLPATH环境变量

与操作系统的PATH环境变量类似，用于指定sql脚本的路径。在sqlplus中执行脚本时无需指定全路径。

例如：export SQLPATH=/app/oracle/scripts:/app/oracle/monitoring_scripts

• 编辑sql或pl/sql

刚执行过的sql或pl/sql会暂存在buffer中，可以通过以下方式编辑

SQL> define _editor=vi
SQL> edit

• &与&&的区别

&定义一个临时的替换变量，每次引用时会提示输入值

&&定义一个永久替换变量，第一次引用时会提示输入值，以后引用时不再提示，继续使用第一次输入的值。不需要时可在用undefine取消。

scott@ora10g: SQL> SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '&NAME';
Enter value for name: SCOTT
old   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '&NAME'
new   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE 'SCOTT'

       SAL
----------
      3000

scott@ora10g: SQL> /
Enter value for name: SCOTT
old   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '&NAME'
new   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE 'SCOTT'

       SAL
----------
      3000

scott@ora10g: SQL> SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '&&NAME';
Enter value for name: SCOTT
old   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '&&NAME'
new   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE 'SCOTT'

       SAL
----------
      3000

scott@ora10g: SQL> /
old   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '&&NAME'
new   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE 'SCOTT'

       SAL
----------
      3000

scott@ora10g: SQL> undefine NAME
scott@ora10g: SQL> l
  1* SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '&&NAME'
scott@ora10g: SQL> /
Enter value for name: SCOTT
old   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '&&NAME'
new   1: SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE 'SCOTT'

       SAL
----------
      3000

• 清屏

SQL> clear screen