centos7使用MySQL的Yum存储库安装mysql5.6.45

注意：这个MySQL5.6.45版本有问题，修改配置文件不生效，推荐安装MySQL5.6.43

下载yum源

官网地址：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

centos7系统:

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost ~]# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
--2019-08-10 22:12:00--  http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 104.74.21.42
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|104.74.21.42|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 6140 (6.0K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm’

100%[===================================================================================================================>] 6,140       --.-K/s   in 0s      

2019-08-10 22:12:00 (222 MB/s) - ‘mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm’ saved [6140/6140]

[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

centos6.5系统:

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-7.noarch.rpm

检测系统是否自带安装mysql

# yum list installed | grep mysql

删除系统自带的mysql

# yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64

由于这个mysql的yum源服务器在国外，所以下载速度会比较慢，mysql5.6只有79M大，而mysql5.7就有182M。

安装mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm包

# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-release-el7-5    ################################# [100%]

安装完这个包后，会获得两个mysql的yum repo源：/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo，/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community-source.repo

[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
centos.repo  mysql-community.repo  mysql-community-source.rep

# vi mysql-community.repo

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk.
# Please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/
[mysql57-community-dmr]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# cat mysql-community-source.repo

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat mysql-community-source.repo 
[mysql-connectors-community-source]
name=MySQL Connectors Community - Source
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/SRPMS
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community-source]
name=MySQL Tools Community - Source
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/SRPMS
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql55-community-source]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Source
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/SRPMS
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql56-community-source]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Source
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/SRPMS
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql57-community-dmr-source]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release - Source
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/SRPMS
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

用yum repolist mysql这个命令查看一下是否已经有mysql可安装文件

# yum repolist all | grep mysql

[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community     enabled:    118
mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - S disabled
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community          enabled:     95
mysql-tools-community-source      MySQL Tools Community - Source disabled
mysql55-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.5 Community Server     disabled
mysql55-community-source          MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S disabled
mysql56-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.6 Community Server     enabled:    479
mysql56-community-source          MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S disabled
mysql57-community-dmr/x86_64      MySQL 5.7 Community Server Dev disabled
mysql57-community-dmr-source      MySQL 5.7 Community Server Dev disabled

安装mysql

# yum install mysql-server -y

Installed:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.45-2.el7                                   mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.45-2.el7                                  

Dependency Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.45-2.el7        mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.45-2.el7        net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.24.20131004git.el7       
  perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7        perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7         perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7                     
  perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7               perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7                 perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7                 

Replaced:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos                                                                                                                  

Complete!

加入开机自启动

# systemctl enable mysqld

启动mysql服务进程

# systemctl start mysqld

查看mysql服务进程

# systemctl status mysqld

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2019-08-10 22:37:58 CST; 13s ago
  Process: 24969 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 24908 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 24968 (mysqld_safe)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─24968 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
           └─25134 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-fil...

Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password'
Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: Alternatively you can run:
Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: which will also give you the option of removing the test
Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[24968]: 190810 22:37:57 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[24968]: 190810 22:37:57 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
Aug 10 22:37:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

进入mysql

# mysql

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.45 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

初始化配置

# mysql_secure_installation

[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation



NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):       #回车
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y        #是否设置root密码
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y       #是否删除匿名用户
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n       #是否禁止root用户远程登录
 ... skipping.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y        #是否删除test数据库
 - Dropping test database...
ERROR 1008 (HY000) at line 1: Can't drop database 'test'; database doesn't exist
 ... Failed!  Not critical, keep moving...
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y          #是否刷新权限配置生效
 ... Success!




All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!


Cleaning up...

再次进入mysql会出现如下情况

# mysql

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

使用用户名密码进入mysql

# mysql -uroot -p

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:           #输入设置的root密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 16
Server version: 5.6.45 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

此时mysql只允许内部使用连接，客户端连接会报如下错误

null, message from server: "Host '192.168.1.10' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server"

授权远程登录

grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'password' with grant option;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;

第一个是你的用户名root，第二个password是远程的密码

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host                  | password                                  |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost             | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | localhost.localdomain | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | 127.0.0.1             | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | ::1                   | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host                  | password                                  |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost             | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | localhost.localdomain | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | 127.0.0.1             | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | ::1                   | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | %                     | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

开放防火墙端口

# firewall-cmd --add-port 3306/tcp

# firewall-cmd --add-port 3306/tcp --permanent

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port 3306/tcp
success

重启防火墙

# systemctl restart firewalld

参考博客：

Centos7安装mysql5.6教程

https://blog.csdn.net/wyj19950908/article/details/79684574

CentOS 6.7下MySQL 5.6快速安装及参数详解

https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-11/148266.htm

centos6.5安装mysql请参考

linux CentOS6.5 yum安装mysql 5.6

CentOS7安装mysql5.6

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37650458/article/details/84105489

二进制编译安装mysql5.6请参考：

https://www.cnblogs.com/yszd/p/10178253.html

https://blog.51cto.com/holy2010/2287884