The GUI Toolkit, Framework Page
User interfaces occupy an important part of software development. This page provides a comprehensive reference on toolkits for building graphical user interfaces (GUIs), with emphasis on resources for Free Software (Open Source). This page focuses on personal computers but also references some offerings for embedded products.
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Page created April 17, 1997 (86). recent changes
Thanks to Alejandro de Garate for improving the layout of this page .© Copyright 1997-2003, 2005 ( ROC Years 86-92, 94,96), by Li-Cheng (Andy) Tai. See copyright for details. Last updated May 13, 2007 (96)
Free toolkits: C/C++ Java other languages | commercial toolkits: C/C++ Java | Related links |copyright
GPL: GNU General Public License
LGPL:GNU Library/Lesser General Public License
PD: Public Domain
BSD: BSD or X11-like license (commonly allowing you todo whatever you want provided the original copyright notice is kept and credit given)
Art: The Perl Artistic License
MPL: Mozilla Public License
Free Toolkits (including both Free (in the GNU sense) and no-cost ones)
C/C++ oriented
(unless explicit stated with "C API", all toolkits in this table provide APIs in C++)
| Name | Comments | license | Unix X11+ | UnixX11+Motif | MS Win 95/98 | MS Win NT/2000/ XP/Vista | MS Win 3.1 | OS/2 PM | MacOS | NextStepOpenStep MacOS X | other platforms |
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in C++ see interesting development methodology for more info Unix version built on gtk+ |
y | ||||||||||
| aedGUI |
a cross-plataform, easy-to-use, non-intrusive C++ GUI library that runs on top ofSDL |
LGPL | (via SDL) | (viaSDL) | (via SDL) | (via SDL) | (viaSDL) | (via SDL) | (via SDL) | (via SDL) | (via SDL) |
| Agar |
a high-level graphical C application framework aimed primarly at 2D/3D games and simulations. Agar applications are portable to a variety of platforms thanks to theSDL.support for SDL 2D andOpenGL rendering. Thread safe | BSD |
y (via SDL) | (viaSDL) | y (via SDL) | y (via SDL) | (viaSDL) | (via SDL) | y (viaSDL) | y (via SDL) | other platforms supported bySDL |
OpenAmulet  ( discounted?) |
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Gtk--. |
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Fresco (new) |
Berlin renamed to Fresco in 2002, taking on the name of the old GUI toolkit Fresco |
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| CLX |
(Component Library for Cross-platform) Cross-platform library for, and part of, Delphi, Kylix and CBuilder - Based on top of Qt, Linux only |
GPL | y | ||||||||
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C++/Tk, cpptk |
C++ interface to the Tklibrary tries to provide not only the Tk functionality, but also its way of writing code, based on the syntax used in Tcl/Tk. | BSD | y | y | y | y(?) | |||||
| CroPL |
a C++ application framework and utility library for single-source Mac/Windows applications |
non-profit use only |
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y |
y |
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y |
y |
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y | y |
Microwindows/NanoGUI/Nano-X |
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also see Berlinas the new Fresco |
( another info page) development stopped, succeeded by Berlin |
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(ftp) (mailing list) ( gtk--,a C++ wrapper)( GtkkitandGtoolkit , ObjectC wrappers) (wxGTK, WxWindows port to gtk+ (C++ API)) ( gtkv,Vport to gtk+ (C++ API)) (VDK , SDPGTK, Inti, other C++ wrappers) glade, grad, epingle,UI builders for gtk+ and gtk-- libglade , a library for gtk/ GNOME allowing GUI built at run time from specifications in configuration files in XML format, without the need to recompile program |
in progress | |||||||||
| gnomemm (gnome--) |
related: gnomemm, c++ bindings for GNOME |
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| GuiToolkit |
"a class set which allow You to build applications with new Microsoft interface style .It includes more than 50 of MFC classes" |
no cost use |
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y |
y |
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ivtools |
Interviews (ftp) was an early advanced toolkit whose development stopped around 1993. conceptual successor is Fresco. |
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JAVA and C, provides the JAVA AWT Toolkit to non object oriented Languages like C, Fortran, Pascal, Ada and even Basic |
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| JUCE |
an all-encompassing C++ class library for developing cross-platform applications | GPL | y | y | y | ||||||
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"a small enough library that one person can understand it all." |
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| libgx |
a lightweight, non-intrusive, public-domain C++ widget library for writing X11 applications | public domain |
y |
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Art(?) |
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| MacZoop |
C++ API. Framework on top of Carbon API. |
MacZoop license |
y |
y |
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OpenMotif |
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| NGL, NUI |
LGPL |
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| PicoGUI |
"a new Graphical User Interface architecture designed with embedded systems in mind. ... includes low-level graphics and input, widgets, themeing, layout, font rendering, network transparency, and debugging features." Also can be an alternative windowing system (when running on framebuffers) | GPL/LGPL |
y | y | |
Linux frame buffer, numerous embedded devices (see this list) |
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KDevelop , EBuilder, Qt Architect , QtDesigner andQtEZ, UI buildersfor Qt Qwt, additional GUI components for Qt for scientific appl (see this link for info on integration with Motif) |
QPL( Qt 2.x series, X11 version) QPL and GPL(Qt 2.2 and later, X11 version) (Windows and MacOS X) (GPLed) |
y(GPLed) | ||||||||
| SmartWin | a small sized, extremely type safe, no overhead what so ever, fully template based C++ GUI library for Windows API (formerly known as Win 32 API). | GPL plus additional permissions | y (?) | y | |||||||
| Taronja |
information in Spanish... no English info available. |
BSD |
y (?) |
? |
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| Trixul |
Trixul is an XML and JavaScript GUI toolkit that supports MacOS X, Linux, and Windows environments directly via Cocoa, Gtk+, and .NET native implementations. JavaScript code can call C++ directly. | BSD |
y (on top of gtk+) |
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y (on top of .Net Forms) |
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y |
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Willows Toolkit |
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| Ultimate++ | C++ toolkit that "achieves significant reduction of code complexity for most applications when compared to other development platforms" | BSD | y | y | y | ||||||
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| VCF |
Visual Component Framework, "a simple to use cross platform GUI framework, with many of the advanced design features of Java and Java's Swing, and Borland's Visual Component Library.Also provides advanced RTTI/Introspection features common in languages like Object Pascal, Objective C, Smalltalk, and Java, but not typically found in C++" | BSD |
in development |
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y |
y |
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in development |
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| The Virtual X Class Library. API strongly linked to the Win32 API. | LGPL | y | |||||||||
| wGui |
a simple, platform independent dialog manager library usingSDL |
LGPL | (via SDL) | (viaSDL) | (via SDL) | (via SDL) | (viaSDL) | (via SDL) | (via SDL) | (via SDL) | (via SDL) |
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is a modern framework that takes advantage of templates, multiple inheritance, STL, and exceptions. is designed around the notionof |
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( WxGTK, gtk+ port) |
LGPL (wxxt1.6x only) WxWidgets license(version 3.0, actually LGPL plus exceptions) |
also on top of MicroWindows, and MGL |
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note another toolkit has the samename |
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note another toolkit has the samename |
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"Xmt++ is to provide a C++ Model-View-Controller framework implementation based on Xmt. This framework makes it easier to integrate a Motif GUI to an application and maintain design integrity." |
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standards (e.g., XML, RDF, HTML, CSS, DOM, JavaScript) and technologies (e.g., Gecko, XPConnect) to minimize platform-specific code." May built on top of gtk+ and Xt for X11 |
y | BeOS | ||||||||
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framework. supports 24 platforms (including MS DOS and Unix text mode) |
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XP/Vista |
MacOS X |
(+X11 has been ported to OS/2 so theoretically X-based toolkits work in OS/2 X11 as well. see Xfree86/OS2)
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Java oriented
- Biss-AWT (GPL-like license)
- SAWT
- GWT (Gadget Windowing toolkit), licensed under LGPL,from DTAI Inc. (nolonger available?)
- Koala Toolkit (license)
- SubArctic,not an AWT clone but a toolkit based on advanced research (license)
- FrescoJavaport (only supports Java 1.0.2)
- Mica, from SoftwareFarm ( license)
- Marimba's FreeBongo
- dog.gui ,a lightweight, high-performance Java GUI toolkit which can serve as a replacement for the AWT (license: MozillaPublic License)
- SWANK,a GUI toolkit implemented in Java, to be used with Jacl, a Tcl intrepreterin Java (BSD-style license)
- JAPI, a non-OO, procedural toolkit built on top of AWT, and accessible from Pascal, C and Fortran, for Windows and Unix
- Epeios, for Unix and Windows, GPLed.
- SWT, The Standard Widget Toolkit, part of Eclipse project, for Windows, Mac, QNX and Unix (Motif, gtk and Qt) (CPL license)
- Buoy, a "transparent wrapper" around Swing
- XUI, a toolkit for building Java applications with Java and XML, release under an MPL like license.
- java-gnome, GNOME Java binding (LGPL)
- QtJava, Qt Java binding (GPL)
- wx4J, wxWidgets Java binding (BSD-style license)
Ada
- GtkAda , Ada binding for gtk+,for X11 and Windows ( GPLed plus exceptions )
- X11Ada ,X11 and Motif bindings forAda
- VisualAda Developer, RAD environment for Ada
- GWindows , GUI framework for Ada on Windows
- Windex, Ada wrapper for the Win32 API ( GPLplus exceptions)
- JEWL, Simple GUI framework for rapid development of GUI programs ( GPL)
- Claw, Ada framework for the Windows API, demo version
- JAPI,binding for Java AWT (LGPLed)
- RAPID, Rapid Ada Portable Interface Design tool,. generates Ada code using a platform independent GUI library. (Current implementations utilize the TASHbinding to Tcl/Tk, the GNAT to JVM compiler, the Microsoft .NET framework, or GtkAd)
BASIC
LISP
- Garnet, GUI development environment for Common Lisp. No longer supported.
- XIT
- Winterp, a rapid development tool for GUI applications with a small object-orientedLISP interpreter ( XLisp-Plus) (BSD-stylelicense)
- Newlisp includes Tk binding (GPLed)
Tcl
- Tk,the standard widget set for Tcl, for X11, MS Windows, and MacOS.
- itcl ([incrTcl]), with itk ([incrTk]) and [ incr Widgets] ,object-oriented extension to the Tcl language and associated mega-widgetset and GUI framework.
- BLT extensionto the Tk toolkit.
- Tix, the Tk InterfaceExtension.
- TclMotif, Motif binding for Tcl.
- BWidgets ,"a professional look&feel Toolkit. Everything is native so noplatform compilation, no compiled extension library needed. In Pure Tcl/Tk.For Unix, Windows and Mac." ( LGPLed)
- Tcl-gtk , gtk+ binding for Tcl
- PicoGUI
Pascal
- EFLIB, "extended function library"
- Free Pascal's gtk+bindings
- BlackBox Component Framework, successor to Oberon/F, using Component Pascal, for Win32 and Mac ( free for education use only)
- WOL, Framework for windowed programming under Windows and Linux (GTK) with Free Pascal. (GPLed)
- JAPI,binding for Java AWT (LGPLed)
- Lazarus, (LCL or Lazarus Class Libraries) the class libraries for Free Pascal that emulate Delphi, currently built on top og gtk+ (LGPLed)
Modula 2
- Dialog Machine and RAMSES (Research Aids for Modeling and Simulation of Environment Systems) "providesthe basis for highly portable programming of interactive applications,since it makes a minimum of assumptions on the properties of the underlyingoperating system and the hardware", available for MacOS, Atari ST (GEM),PC (GEM, MS Windows, Windows NT) and Unix (SUN and IBM RISC). RAMSES is Mac only. Both no cost freeware.
Perl
- XForms4Perl ,XFormsperl binding.
- pTk,perl/Tk, tkPerl, Tk binding for Perl.
- PerlQt, perl bindings for Qt . (LGPLed)
- Perl bindings for gtk+
- plFLTK , Perl bindingsfor Fltk (LGPLed) (discounted)
- FLTK.pm, Perl bindings for Fltk version 2
- wxperl,WxWidfgets Perl binding
- Prima, "an extensible Perl toolkit for multi-platform GUI development. Supported platforms include Linux, Windows NT/9x/2K, OS/2, and UNIX/X11 workstations" (BSDed)
- PicoGUI
Python
- Tkinter, Tk-based GUI toolkit for Python, part of standard of Python distribution. Tk-based Additions, bindings under Pythin:
- Pmw (Python MegaWidgets) (also extra contributions)
- TIDE (Tix)
- Rivet,Tk binding for Python
- wxPython , WxWidfgets Python binding
- vkApp,a Python GUI application framework, and PythonX Extension, Python interface to X11 and Motif.
- WPY, a MFC-based GUI class library for Python, for MS Win95/NT and Unix/X11 using Tk.
- Python-Gtk andpygtk (gnome-python) ,Python bindings for gtk+andGNOME
- pyFLTK , Python bindingfor Fltk (LGPLed)
- FXPy, Python binding for FOX (LGPLed)
- Python X Library, X11 client-side API implemented purely in Python (GPLed)
- PicoGUI
- pyQT, Qt binding for Pytbon
- PyKDE,Python bindings for KDE
- pygame, SDL binding
- Jython provides access to Java GUI facilities
- JTKinter, port of tk to Jython
- JPI Java Python Interface (project dead)
Javascript
- Vexi written in Java, Vexi applications are written in a combination of XML and JavaScript (core GPLed, widgets LGPLed)
Scheme (including Guile)
- MrED,a WxWindows -based toolkit for scheme, for X11,MS Win95/NT, and MacOS
- STk,a scheme interpreter with access to Tk
- guile-gtk,Guile bindings for gtk+ (GPLed)
- guile-fltk, Guile binding for Fltk (LGPLed)
Oberon
- Visual Oberon, a collection of GUI classes for Oberon-2, for X11 ( GPLed).
Smalltalk
Prolog
- XPCE (GPLed ), for SWI-Prolog
S-Lang
Pike
Lua
- lua-gtk and lua-gnome , Lua's gtk+ and GNOME bindings
- lua-FLTK, Lua FLTK binding
- wxLua, WxWindows binding for Lua
- tkLua, tk binding
- IUP (Portable User Interface), a highly portable toolkit for Lua and C, for Windows and X11/Motif.
Others
- CoderForm, a presentation and layout manager for .NET desktop applications, allowing creating the GUI from any .Net language
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Commercial Toolkits
C/C++ oriented
| Name | XP/Vista |
MacOS X |
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| CLX | (Component Library for Cross-platform) Cross-platform library for Delphi , Kylixand CBuilder - Based on top of Qt, works on Win32 and GNU/Linux (x86) | y |
y |
y |
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| CroPL |
a C++ application framework and utility library for single-source Mac/Windows applications |
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y |
y |
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y |
y |
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| Framework | rich DOS-based business application development environment, orginated from Ashton-Tate's Framework product, with FRED. Object-Function-Based, Text-Aware, rapid application development Language | |||||||||
( companyout of business) |
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| JX | a full-featured C++ application framework and widget library (SDK) for use with the X Window System | y | ||||||||
y
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| included with Metrowerk's Mac OS compilers. | ||||||||||
developing and deploying scientific and engineering applications without writing any GUI code. Support Visual C++ and Compaq Visual Fortran. |
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Java Oriented
- Sun/ Javasoft's AWT
- Sun/ Javasoft's IFC and JFC (Swing) withvariable look
- Microsoft'sAFC
- Borland/Inprise 's JBCL(JavaBeans Component Library) (part of JBuilder)
- Xelfi Technologies 's Xelfi(30 day free evaluation, low cost registration required for longer use)
- Visix's Vibe Foundation Classes (powerful GUI framework ispart of a complete Java development system Vibe) ( company out of business)
- SL-GMS , a framework for providing dynamic graphics in Pure Java applications
- UITools, "a toolkit for building graphical user interfaces (GUI) for simulation programs," like these tasks commonly done with MatLab and FORTRAN.
- Bambookit, XML-based User Interface, Java-based thin client platform that can be accessed anywhere, with any browser
C#
- WinForm, the standard C# GUI class library/framework.
Ada
Fortran
- Winteracter, a modern GUI toolset for the Fortran 90/95 programming language, for Windows and Linux
LISP
Pascal (including Delphi)
- VCL(Visual Component Library), the GUI foundation for Inprise/Borland'spopular RAD tool Delphi, forWin 3.1/95/98/NT, "object-oriented component framework delivers the only truecomponent architecture with over 200 visual and non-visual components thatare completely reusable and extendable"
- CLX, Cross-platform library for Delphi , Kylix and CBuilder - Based on top of Qt, works on Win32 and GNU.Linux (x86)
- O2, OO framework for Delphi, including user interface layer
Fortran
- SancsGUI, for Compaq Visual Fortran, An object-oriented modeling and simulation environment for developing and deploying scientific and engineering applications without writing any GUI code. For 32-bit Windows.
Misc
- XPCE, GUI system for Prolog, Lisp and C++.
- MetaCard, a Hypercard-typescript language with integrated GUI library, for Unix/X11 and MS Win 3.1/95/NT.
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Related Links
Other GUI Toolkit Pages
- the FSU Toolkit Page
- BradMyers'sUser Interface Software Tools page
- Steve Baum's GUIpage
- Laura Michaels'sPortableScreen Library Resources page
- The Platform Independent GUI FAQ
- Karim Ratib's" http://www2.iro.umontreal.ca/~ratib/code/gui.htm#gui"
- Scientific applicationson Linux's X11 Libraries & Toolkits page
- SunWorld 'soverview of GUI toolkits by Cameron Laird and Kathryn Soraiz.
- Themes.org , a web site dedicatedto GUI themes (variable look and feel)
X Windows/Motif
- MW3: Motif on the WorldWide Web: a monster list of Motif and X Window-related resources, includingGUI libraries and tools. Now motifdeveloper.com
- Kenton Lee's TechnicalX Window System and OSF/Motif WWW Sites: another rich list of X Window/Motifresources.
Alternative Windowing Systems
- Fresco (Berlin), an attempt to provide an alternative to X Windows.Also listed as a free GUI toolkit
- MiniGUI, small windowing system for embedded applications
- Microwindows (NanoGUI), small windowing system for embedded applications, for DOS, MS Windows, Unix, Linux SVGAlib, Linux kernel framebuffer (MPLed/GPLed)
- DirectFB, a thin library that provides hardware graphics acceleration, input device handling and abstraction, integrated windowing system with support for translucent windows and multiple display layers on top of the Linux Framebuffer Device. (LGPLed)
- PicoGUI
- Y Widnow System
Papers on GUI
- "GUI Fragmentation is the Greatest Weakness of Unix", arguing for good GUIstandards for Unix systems in responce to attacks by Microsoft Windows.
Drag and Drop protocols
Commercial Java Systems
- Vibe, a complete Java deployment system including tools fromcompiler to custom virtual machine. ( company out of business)
Organizations for Free Software
- Free Software Foundation
- Linux International
- Software in the Public Interest (Debian GNU/Linux)
- X.org Foundation, the revitalized organization, successor to the orginal X Consortium, maintaining the X Window System.
- Free Standards Group, the organization responsible for setting standards in Free OSes. parent of the Linux Standards Base
- The XFree86 Project, Inc. Producer of the XFree86 , the X Windowserver for PC based UNIX and UNIX-like systems, role generally replaced by X.org
- The Open Source Initiative, organization for promoting the "Open Source" concept
- OpenOffice Foundation , the organization managing the OpenOffice project
- GNOME Foundation , the organization for GNOME
- KDE League, for the KDE project.
Important Free Software Projects
- GNU
- Linux , alsoknown as GNU/Linux ,GPLed Unix clone
- XFree86
- Netscape Communicator and Netscape Navigator (Mozilla), the once most popular web browser in the world, becomes free software on March 31, 1998.
- Arena,the free browser formally developed by the World Wide Web Consortium, now supported by Yggdrasil.
- Amaya , the free browser/editordeveloped by the World Wide Web Consortium
- FreeBSD , BSD-derivedfree Unix
- OpenBSD , BSD-derivedfree Unix
- NetBSD , BSD-derivedfree Unix
- OpenOffice , formerly StarOffice, now the free software office suite project support by Sun and in association with GNOME as the GNOME Office.
- Eclipse, Java-based open extensible IDE.
Free Object-oriented Componet Software Framework
- OpenDoc,the famous Apple/ IBM invention, maybe someday free software. (C++ API)
- OpenParts,KDE's component framework with ideas from OpenDoc
- Bonobo, GNOME's component framework
Free Java Systems/Compilers
- JDK(Java Development Kit), from Sun / Javasoft.( Linux version )(SGI version)
- Kaffe , a Java virtual machine from TransVirtual ,and just-in-time compiler, works on most Unix's, MS Win 95, NextStep and Amiga (GPLed).
- Japhar , a free JVM from the Hungry Programmers ,the offical GNU Java VM (LGPLed).
- Guavac, a GPLed Java source-to-bytecode compiler written in C++.
- Jikes, a Java source-to-bytecode compiler, faster Javac replacement
- Jump, a Java source-to-bytecode compiler with non-standard Java language extension,10 to 30 times faster than Javac
- j2c, a Java class file-to-C translator
- Toba, a Java class file-to-C translator, for standalone applications (not applets).
- gcj, the GNU Java compiler
Free C# Systems/Compilers
- Mono, an effort to create an Open Source implementation of the .NET Development Framework. Includes: a compiler for the C# language, a runtime for the Common Language Infrastructure and a set of class libraries (GPLed plus exceptions for linking)
- DotGNU, including Portable.NET, an effort to create an alternative to Microsoft .NET, including C# compiler and run-time libraries. (GPLed plus exceptions for linking)
Library Binding Generation Tool
- SWIG (Simplified Warpper and Interface Generator), "a program development tooldesigned to make it easy to build scripting language interfaces to C/C++ programs."
GUI Toolkit Implementation Utility Libraries
- libsigc++,"a library implements a full callback system for use in widget libraries,abstract interfaces, and general programming."
Graphical Desktop Environments
- CDE, Common Desktop Environment, the commercially standard Unix desktop
- KDE , the K(ool) Desktop Environment, based on Qt.
- GNOME, GNU Network Object Model Environment, based on gtk .
- XFCE , a lightweight desktopenvironment for various UNIX systems, based on gtk
- GNUStep , the free softwareimplementation of the OpenStep desktop environment
- FLEK, an application framework "environment" based on Fltk
- Equinox Desktop Environment, based on Fltk
Others
- Mesa, a 3D graphics library providing an Open GL API, licensed under BSD (X11)-style license and now part of XFree86
- GLUT,the OpenGL Utility Toolkit, a window system independent toolkit for writingOpenGL programs
- vtk , The VisualizationToolkit (C++ API) ( license)
- GIMP , the GNU Image Manipulation Program, a Photoshop-style painting program, licensedunder GPL.
- FilmGIMP, a fork of GIMP for movie editing.
- ImageMagick, a set of powerful image manipulation/processing programs. Functions availableto other programs via a rich API.(BSD-stylelicense)
- libart (alt site), GNOME/RaphLevien's advanced 2D graphics library (LGPLed)
- Zodius, a C++, easy-to-use 2D graphics library (BSD-style license)
- Cario, a LGPLed/MPLed "vector graphics library designed to provide high-quality display and print output. Currently available output targets include the X Window System, OpenGL (via
![[WWW]](http://cairographics.org/wikidata/freedesktop/img/moin-www.png)
glitz), Quartz, win32, in-memory image buffers, PNG images, PostScript, and PDF files. Some of these backends are still experimental. Cairo is designed to produce identical output on all output media while taking advantage of display hardware acceleration when available (eg. through the X Render Extension or OpenGL)."Possibly the standard 2D graphic API on free OSes.
- AGG (Anti-grain geometry, a powerful C++-based advanced 2d graphics rendering library (BSD-style license)
- SDL (SimpleDirectMedia Layer) library, providing direct video framebuffer accessfor fast rendering, supports Linux, Win95/98/NT/2000, BeOS, MacOS, Solaris,IRIX, and FreeBSD. ( LGPLed)
- OpenGL (Sample Implementation), now free software.
- OpenInventor , advanced object-oriented 3D graphics framework, now free software. offering a comprehensive solution to interactive graphics programming problems. It presents a programming model based on a 3D scene database that dramatically simplifies graphics programming. (LGPLed)
- SATIN and Quill, Java-based gesture toolkit that allow ink gesture inputs to drive GUIs (BSD licensed)
- A list of Drawing and Design Programs
Companies developing/supporting FreeSoftware
Other Free Software websites
- free-soft.org , aweb site providing general Free Software/Open Source information
- The Free Software Bazaar
- advogato.org , general discussion site for free software developers
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If you think anything is incorrect orwant to provide more information for inclusion in this page, please contact(via e-mail)
Copyright
© Copyright 1997-2003, 2005, 2007 AD ( ROC Years 86-92, 94, 96), by Li-Cheng (Andy) Tai, All rights reserved.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by theFree Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
page created Apr 19, 1997 (86)
http://www.atai.org/guitool/