微信已变成我们生活、工作、社交、出行、娱乐的生活方式。这里总结下微信开发的基本功能。
一、微信授权登录或访问第三方网站
微信授权登录或访问第三方网站，需通过微信公众号来授权。
（1）通过接口 https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=APPID&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&response_type=code&scope=SCOPE&state=STATE#wechat_redirect进行授权登录
public static void wxBind(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 引导用户进行相关授权，获取code
// 创建回调地址
String table=req.getParameter("table");
String shortUrl=req.getParameter("shortUrl");
ReadProperties pro = new ReadProperties();
Map<String, String> map = pro.getProperties();
String protocol = map.get("protocol");
String domain = map.get("domain");
// String port = map.get("port");
String project = map.get("project");
String backUrl = protocol + domain + project + "wexinUtil.do?verify&table="+table+"&shortUrl="+shortUrl;
// https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=APPID&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&response_type=code&scope=SCOPE&state=STATE#wechat_redirect
String url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?" + "appid=" + AuthUtil.APPID
+ "&redirect_uri=" + URLEncoder.encode(backUrl) + "&response_type=code" + "&scope=snsapi_userinfo" // 选择userinfo作用域
// +"&scope=snsapi_base" //选择userinfo作用域
+ "&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
System.out.println("redirect_uri:" + URLEncoder.encode(backUrl));
resp.sendRedirect(url); // 请求重定向
}
（2）授权成功后，会跳转到backUrl的地址
@RequestMapping(params = "verify")
protected Object verify(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String table=req.getParameter("table");
String shortUrl=req.getParameter("shortUrl");
String code=req.getParameter("code");//获取OAuth2.0请求后，服务器返回的code内容，这个code在接下来向微信服务请求用户信息时会使用
System.out.println("code::::::::"+code);
//https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code
String url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?"
+"appid="+AuthUtil.APPID
+"&secret="+AuthUtil.APPSECRET
+"&code="+code
+"&grant_type=authorization_code";
//发送请求
JSONObject jsonObject=AuthUtil.doGetJson(url);
System.out.println("jsonObject新获取::::::::"+jsonObject);
String openid=jsonObject.getString("openid");
String token=jsonObject.getString("access_token");
//判断用户是否关注公众号
String isFollow = judgeIsFollow(getAccessToken().getToken(),openid);
System.out.println("isFollow==="+isFollow);
//拉取用户信息路径
//https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID&lang=zh_CN
/*String infoUrl="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token="+token
+"&openid="+openid
+"&lang=zh_CN";
//发送请求
JSONObject userInfo=AuthUtil.doGetJson(infoUrl);
System.out.println("userInfo:"+userInfo); */
//链接数据库查询
String sql = "select user_code,operation,bind from user_mobile_er where openid='"+openid+"'";
System.out.println("sql+++++++++"+sql);
List<Map<String, Object>> findList = systemService.findForJdbc(sql);
System.out.println("findList+++++++++"+findList);
System.out.println("openid===="+openid);
String bind=null;
String operation=null;
if(findList!=null&&findList.size()>0){
operation= (String) findList.get(0).get("operation");
bind=(String) findList.get(0).get("bind");// 结果为Y/N
}else {
bind="0";//用户未申请绑定
operation="0";//无维护权限
}
System.out.println("redirect:/resftlCon.do?"+table+"&shortUrl="+shortUrl);
//return "redirect:/resftlCon.do?"+table+"&shortUrl="+shortUrl+"&openid="+openid+"&bind=Y";
return "redirect:/resftlCon.do?"+table+"&shortUrl="+shortUrl+"&isFollow="+isFollow+"&bind="+bind+"&operation="+operation+"&openid="+openid;
}
二、微信用户与第三方平台绑定
每个微信用户针对每个公众号有个唯一标识openid,我们可通过授权访问时获取的openID与数据库中存储的指定用户的openID进行对比
三、判断否关注公众号（使用openID和access_token）
/**
* 判断用户是否关注了公众号
* @param token
* @param openid
* @return
*/
public static String judgeIsFollow(String token,String openid){
// Integer subscribe=0;
String subscribe=null;
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token="+token+"&openid="+openid+"&lang=zh_CN";
try {
URL urlGet = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection http = (HttpURLConnection) urlGet.openConnection();
http.setRequestMethod("GET"); // 必须是get方式请求
http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
http.setDoOutput(true);
http.setDoInput(true);
http.connect();
InputStream is = http.getInputStream();
int size = is.available();
byte[] jsonBytes = new byte[size];
is.read(jsonBytes);
String message = new String(jsonBytes, "UTF-8");
System.out.println("message字符串==="+message);
JSONObject demoJson = JSONObject.fromObject(message);
System.out.println("JSON字符串==="+demoJson);
subscribe=demoJson.get("subscribe").toString();
//subscribe = demoJson.getInt("subscribe");
System.err.println("subscribe在json中值为==="+subscribe);
is.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//return 1==subscribe?true:false;
return "1".equals(subscribe)?"Y":"N";
}
通过接口https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="+AuthUtil.APPID+"&secret="+AuthUtil.APPSECRET
获取access_token
/**
* 获取AccessToken
* @return 返回拿到的access_token及有效期
*/
public static AccessToken getAccessToken() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
AccessToken token = new AccessToken();
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="+AuthUtil.APPID+"&secret="+AuthUtil.APPSECRET;
JSONObject jsonObject = doGetStr(url);//使用刚刚写的doGet方法接收结果
if(jsonObject!=null){ //如果返回不为空，将返回结果封装进AccessToken实体类
token.setToken(jsonObject.getString("access_token"));//取出access_token
token.setExpiresIn(jsonObject.getInt("expires_in"));//取出access_token的有效期
}
System.out.println("==============token:"+token.getToken()+"expiresIn:"+token.getExpiresIn());
return token;
}
/**
* 编写Get请求的方法。但没有参数传递的时候，可以使用Get请求
*
* @param url 需要请求的URL
* @return 将请求URL后返回的数据，转为JSON格式，并return
*/
public static JSONObject doGetStr(String url) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();//获取DefaultHttpClient请求
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);//HttpGet将使用Get方式发送请求URL
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);//使用HttpResponse接收client执行httpGet的结果
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();//从response中获取结果，类型为HttpEntity
if(entity != null){
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");//HttpEntity转为字符串类型
jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);//字符串类型转为JSON类型
}
return jsonObject;
}
AccessToken的实体类
package com.jeecg.util.wxBind;
public class AccessToken {
public String token;
public int expiresIn;
public String getToken() {
return token;
}
public void setToken(String token) {
this.token = token;
}
public int getExpiresIn() {
return expiresIn;
}
public void setExpiresIn(int expiresIn) {
this.expiresIn = expiresIn;
}
}
四、第三方平台对指定用户进行消息推送（需要使用weixin4j.jar）
使用接口https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token="+oAuthToken.getAccess_token()
进行推送；消息推送的前提是该指定用户已关注认证公众号。
package com.jeecg.util.wxBind;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Map;
import org.weixin4j.Configuration;
import org.weixin4j.Weixin;
import org.weixin4j.WeixinException;
import org.weixin4j.WeixinSupport;
import org.weixin4j.http.HttpsClient;
import org.weixin4j.http.OAuthToken;
import org.weixin4j.http.Response;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.jeecg.controller.demo.ReadProperties;
import com.jeecg.controller.wx.auth.util.AuthUtil;
public class WeixinMessagePush extends WeixinSupport {
Weixin weixin=new Weixin();
OAuthToken oAuthToken=null;
public WeixinMessagePush(){
}
public WeixinMessagePush(String appId,String secret){
try {
oAuthToken = weixin.login(appId, secret);
} catch (WeixinException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void templateMessagePush(String openId,String title,String description) throws WeixinException{
JSONObject json=new JSONObject();
JSONObject text=new JSONObject();
JSONObject keyword1=new JSONObject();
JSONObject keyword2=new JSONObject();
JSONObject first=new JSONObject();
JSONObject remark=new JSONObject();
json.put("touser",openId);
json.put("template_id","jhES0sm0yRNXxe8USlYcB1nsaS568gtFt7l6_qCY4_8");
ReadProperties pro = new ReadProperties();
Map<String, String> map = pro.getProperties();
String protocol = map.get("protocol");
String domain = map.get("domain");
// String port = map.get("port");
String project = map.get("project");
String backUrl = protocol + domain + project + "userMobileErController.do?remark";
String url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?" + "appid=" + AuthUtil.APPID
+ "&redirect_uri=" + URLEncoder.encode(backUrl) + "&response_type=code" + "&scope=snsapi_userinfo" // 选择userinfo作用域
// +"&scope=snsapi_base" //选择userinfo作用域
+ "&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
// json.put("url", "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=wx22c699fe80c91471&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwewill9014.s1.natapp.cc%2FPTCOA%2Fservlet%2FOAuthAPIServlet&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=state#wechat_redirect");
json.put("utl", url);
json.put("topcolor","#ff1a75");
first.put("value",title);
// first.put("color","#007f80");
keyword1.put("value",description );
// keyword1.put("color", "#007f80");
keyword2.put("value","通过" );
// keyword2.put("color","#007f80");
remark.put("value", "如有疑问请联系管理员");
remark.put("color", "#007f80");
text.put("keyword1", keyword1);
text.put("keyword2", keyword2);
text.put("first", first);
text.put("remark",remark);
json.put("data", text);
//创建请求对象
HttpsClient http=new HttpsClient();
Response res = http.post("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token="+oAuthToken.getAccess_token(), json);
//根据请求结果判定，是否验证成功
JSONObject jsonObj = res.asJSONObject();
if (jsonObj != null) {
if (Configuration.isDebug()) {
System.out.println("模板消息返回json：" + jsonObj.toString());
}
Object errcode = jsonObj.get("errcode");
if (errcode != null && !errcode.toString().equals("0")) {
//返回异常信息
throw new WeixinException(getCause(Integer.parseInt(errcode.toString())));
}
}
}
}