安装 nginx

1.yum install zlib zlib-devel pcre -y

2.tar zxvf pcre-8.31.tar.gz

3.cd pcre-8.31

4../configure

5.make && make install

6.useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

7.tail -1 /etc/passwd

8.tar zxf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz

9.cd nginx-1.12.1

10.mkdir /application

11../configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/application/nginx-1.12.1 --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

报错:./configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library

解决:yum -y install openssl openssl-devel  再编译成功

12.make && make install

13.ln -s /application/nginx-1.12.1 /application/nginx

14./application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t  检查语法

报错少了libpcre.so.1

15.find / -name libpcre.so*

16.vim /etc/ld.so.conf

加入/usr/local/lib/

17.ldconfig

18./application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t   成功

19./application/nginx/sbin/nginx     启动

20.netstat -anlpt|grep 80

21./etc/init.d/iptables stop

22.grep html /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 站点

23.cd /application/nginx/html/

50x.html    错误页面优雅替代

23.cd /application/nginx/conf/

基于域名的虚拟主机

1.vim nginx.conf

user  nginx nginx;

worker_processes  8;   启动进程

events {

    use  epoll;

    worker_connections  1024;

}

http {

    include       mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    sendfile        on;

keepalive_timeout  65;

server {

        listen       80;

        server_name  www.etiantian.org;

        location / {

             root   /data0/www/www;

             index  index.php index.html index.htm;

#access_log /app/logs/www_access.log commonlog;

        }

error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

             root   html;

        }

2.mkdir /data0/www/www -p

3.tree -L 1 /data0/www/

4.chown -R nginx.nginx /data0/www/

5.echo www >/data0/www/www/index.html

6./application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t   检查配置文件语法

7./application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

8.lsof -i :80

9.vim /etc/hosts

192.168.1.17  www.etiantian.org 加入

简洁配置

1.cd /application/nginx/conf/

2.mkdir extra

查看nginx，extra/nginx.vhosts.conf配置文件

3. mkdir /app/log -p  加日志轮循

4.touch {www,bbs,blog}_access.log

5./application/nginx/sbin/nginx -v   查看版本

基于端口:

只需要vim nginx.vhosts.conf

    server {

        listen       192.168.1.17:8070;

        server_name  192.168.1.17;

        location / {

            root   /data0/www/bbs;

            index  index.html index.htm;

           access_log  /app/log/bbs_access.log  commonlog;

        }

}

/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

/application/nginx/sbin/nginx

报错:nginx: [emerg] bind() to 192.168.1.17:8070 failed (98: Address already in use)  1.17端口被80占用

解决:killall -9 nginx

/application/nginx/sbin/nginx

IE登录: http://192.168.1.17:8070/

cat /app/log/bbs_access.log  查看轮询日志

基于VIP：

ifconfig eth1:0 192.168.1.196 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

    server {

        listen       192.168.1.196:8070;

        server_name  192.168.1.196;

        location / {

            root   /data0/www/bbs;

            index  index.html index.htm;

           access_log  /app/log/bbs_access.log  commonlog;

        }

    }

IE登录: http://192.168.1.196:8070/

Nginx多实例

1.cd /application/nginx

2.cp -a conf cmsconf

3.cd cmsconf/extra/nginx.vhosts.conf

    server {

        listen       8080;

        server_name  192.168.1.17;

        location / {

            root   /data0/www/blog;

            index  index.html index.htm;

           access_log  /app/log/blog_access.log  commonlog;

        }

    }

4./application/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /application/nginx/cmsconf/nginx.conf -t

5./application/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /application/nginx/cmsconf/nginx.conf

6./application/nginx/sbin/nginx （第一个启动）

7.netstat -anlpt|grep nginx

多个nginx实例跑在普通用户下

1.useradd cms

2.tail -1 /etc/passwd

3.su - cms

4.rz  fenyonghu_nginx-2.tar.gz

5.tar zxvf fenyonghu_nginx-2.tar.gz

6.tree

7.cd code/idc_product/conf/extra/

8.vim nginx_vhosts.conf

9.cd ~

10.cd bin/

11.logout

12.chmod a+w /etc/sudoers

13.vim /etc/sudoers

cms     ALL=(ALL)      NOPASSWD:ALL

14.chmod 400 /etc/sudoers

15.su - cms

16.cd bin/

17.sh deploy.sh

IE能登录:http://192.168.1.196:8090/

http://192.168.1.17:8090/

报403错误时

cd code/idc_product/conf/

vim nginx.conf

user cms cms;

nginx基本配置:模块

Nginx core modules(必须的):Main、Events

Standard HTTP modules:Core、Access、FastCGI、Gzip(压缩模块)

Log(日志模块)、proxy、Rewirte URL(重要模块)、Upstream(负载均衡模块)

cat www_access_.log日志格式解析

92.168.1.18 - - [03/Mar/2018:12:51:05 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 11 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)" "-"

1.客户端地址  2.远程客户端用户名称  3.记录访问时间 4.HTTP协议   5.返回状态   6.发送的body字节数  7.引用文  8.客户端浏览器

cd /app/log

①awk '{print $1}' www_access_.2018-03-03.log |sort|uniq -c|sort -rn -k1  取出域名并排序

②awk '{++S[$1]} END {for(key in S) print key,S[key]}' www_access_.2018-03-03.log |sort -rn -k2

server

  {

    listen  80;

    server_name  status.etiantian.org;

    location /nginx_status {

    stub_status on;

    access_log   off;

    allow 192.168.1.17  （限制访问）

    deny all;

    }

  }

Nginx优化

1. Expires缓存模块 见配置文件
2. Gzip压缩模块 见配置文件
3. 错误页面优雅显示  见配置文件