【学习】019 SpringBoot

一、SpringBoot介绍

1.1、SpringBoot简介

在您第1次接触和学习Spring框架的时候，是否因为其繁杂的配置而退却了？在你第n次使用Spring框架的时候，是否觉得一堆反复黏贴的配置有一些厌烦？那么您就不妨来试试使用Spring Boot来让你更易上手，更简单快捷地构建Spring应用！

Spring Boot让我们的Spring应用变的更轻量化。比如：你可以仅仅依靠一个Java类来运行一个Spring引用。你也可以打包你的应用为jar并通过使用java -jar来运行你的Spring Web应用。

Spring Boot的主要优点：

为所有Spring开发者更快的入门

开箱即用，提供各种默认配置来简化项目配置

内嵌式容器简化Web项目

没有冗余代码生成和XML配置的要求

本章主要目标完成Spring Boot基础项目的构建，并且实现一个简单的Http请求处理，通过这个例子对Spring Boot有一个初步的了解，并体验其结构简单、开发快速的特性。

1.2、系统要求：

Java1.8及以上

Spring Framework 4.1.5及以上

本文采用Java 1.8.0_73、Spring Boot 1.3.2调试通过。

二、快速入门

2.1、创建一个Maven工程

名为”springboot-helloworld” 类型为Jar工程项目

2.2、pom文件引入依赖

　　 <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
      <!—SpringBoot web 组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

spring-boot-starter-parent作用：

在pom.xml中引入spring-boot-start-parent,spring官方的解释叫什么stater poms,它可以提供dependency management,也就是说依赖管理，引入以后在申明其它dependency的时候就不需要version了，后面可以看到。

spring-boot-starter-web作用：

springweb 核心组件

spring-boot-maven-plugin作用：

 如果我们要直接Main启动spring，那么以下plugin必须要添加，否则是无法启动的。如果使用maven 的spring-boot:run的话是不需要此配置的。（我在测试的时候，如果不配置下面的plugin也是直接在Main中运行的。）

2.3、编写HelloWorld服务

创建package命名为com.itmayiedu.controller（根据实际情况修改）

创建HelloController类，内容如下

package com.hongmoshui.test;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class HelloController
{
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String index()
    {
        return "Hello World";
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(HelloController.class, args);
    }
}

2.4、@RestController

在上加上RestController 表示修饰该Controller所有的方法返回JSON格式,直接可以编写Restful接口

2.5、@EnableAutoConfiguration

注解:作用在于让 Spring Boot   根据应用所声明的依赖来对 Spring 框架进行自动配置
        这个注解告诉Spring Boot根据添加的jar依赖猜测你想如何配置Spring。由于spring-boot-starter-web添加了Tomcat和Spring MVC，所以auto-configuration将假定你正在开发一个web应用并相应地对Spring进行设置。

2.6 SpringApplication.run(HelloController.class, args);

   标识为启动类

2.7、SpringBoot启动方式1

Springboot默认端口号为8080

package com.hongmoshui.test;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class HelloController
{
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String index()
    {
        return "Hello World";
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(HelloController.class, args);
    }
}

启动主程序，打开浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/index，可以看到页面输出Hello World

2.8、SpringBoot启动方式2

package com.hongmoshui;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.hongmoshui.test") // 控制器扫包范围
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class TestApp
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(TestApp.class, args);
    }
}

三、Web开发

3.1、静态资源访问

在我们开发Web应用的时候，需要引用大量的js、css、图片等静态资源。

默认配置

Spring Boot默认提供静态资源目录位置需置于classpath下，目录名需符合如下规则：

/static

/public

/resources

/META-INF/resources

举例：我们可以在src/main/resources/目录下创建static，在该位置放置一个图片文件。启动程序后，尝试访问http://localhost:8080/D.jpg。如能显示图片，配置成功。

3.2、全局捕获异常

@ExceptionHandler 表示拦截异常

• @ControllerAdvice 是 controller 的一个辅助类，最常用的就是作为全局异常处理的切面类
• @ControllerAdvice 可以指定扫描范围
• @ControllerAdvice 约定了几种可行的返回值，如果是直接返回 model 类的话，需要使用 @ResponseBody 进行 json 转换
• 返回 String，表示跳到某个 view
• 返回 modelAndView
• 返回 model + @ResponseBody

package com.hongmoshui.test;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler
{
    @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public Map<String, Object> exceptionHandler()
    {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("errorCode", "101");
        map.put("errorMsg", "系統错误!");
        return map;
    }
}

3.3、渲染Web页面

渲染Web页面

在之前的示例中，我们都是通过@RestController来处理请求，所以返回的内容为json对象。那么如果需要渲染html页面的时候，要如何实现呢？

模板引擎

在动态HTML实现上Spring Boot依然可以完美胜任，并且提供了多种模板引擎的默认配置支持，所以在推荐的模板引擎下，我们可以很快的上手开发动态网站。

Spring Boot提供了默认配置的模板引擎主要有以下几种：

• Thymeleaf
• FreeMarker
• Velocity
• Groovy
• Mustache

Spring Boot建议使用这些模板引擎，避免使用JSP，若一定要使用JSP将无法实现Spring Boot的多种特性，具体可见后文：支持JSP的配置

当你使用上述模板引擎中的任何一个，它们默认的模板配置路径为：src/main/resources/templates。当然也可以修改这个路径，具体如何修改，可在后续各模板引擎的配置属性中查询并修改。

3.4、使用Freemarker模板引擎渲染web视图

3.4.1、pom文件引入:

        <!-- 引入freeMarker的依赖包. -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
        </dependency>

3.4.2、前端代码

在src/main/resources/创建一个templates文件夹,后缀为test.ftl

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="CN">
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
      ${name}
</body> 
</html>

3.4.3、后端代码

package com.hongmoshui.test;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class TestController
{
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test(Map<String, Object> map)
    {
        map.put("name", "美丽的天使...");
        return "test";
    }

}

3.4.4、Freemarker其他用法

后端代码：

    @RequestMapping("/freemarkerTest")
    public String index(Map<String, Object> result)
    {
        result.put("name", "hongmoshui");
        result.put("sex", "1");
        List<String> userList = new ArrayList<String>();
        userList.add("zhangsan");
        userList.add("lisi");
        userList.add("wangwu");
        result.put("userList", userList);
        return "freemarkerTest";
    }

前端代码：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="CN">
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>freemaker测试页</title>
</head>
<body>
      ${name}<br/>
    <#if sex=="1">
        男
    <#elseif sex=="2">
        女
    <#else>
            其他      
    </#if><br/>  
    <#list userList as user>
       ${user}<br/>
     </#list>
</body> 
</html>

3.4.5、Freemarker配置

新建application.properties文件

########################################################
###FREEMARKER (FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration)
########################################################
spring.freemarker.allow-request-override=false
spring.freemarker.cache=true
spring.freemarker.check-template-location=true
spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.content-type=text/html
spring.freemarker.expose-request-attributes=false
spring.freemarker.expose-session-attributes=false
spring.freemarker.expose-spring-macro-helpers=false
#spring.freemarker.prefix=
#spring.freemarker.request-context-attribute=
#spring.freemarker.settings.*=
spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl
spring.freemarker.template-loader-path=classpath:/templates/
#comma-separated list
#spring.freemarker.view-names= # whitelist of view names that can be resolved

3.5、使用JSP渲染Web视图

3.5.1、新建应该springBoot-jsp工程，pom文件引入以下依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.hongmoshui.www</groupId>
    <artifactId>springBoot-jsp</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- SpringBoot 核心组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

3.5.2、在application.properties创建以下配置

spring.mvc.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/jsp/
spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp

3.5.3、后台代码

package com.hongmoshui.test.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class TestController
{
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String index()
    {
        System.out.println("测试页面，哈哈哈哈哈哈哈");
        return "test";
    }
}

package com.hongmoshui;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class TestJspApp
{

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(TestJspApp.class, args);
    }

}

3.5.3、前台代码，目录结构：/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>test page</title>
</head>
<body>测试页面(创建项目一定要为war类型)
</body>
</html>

注意:创建SpringBoot整合JSP，一定要为war类型，否则会找不到页面

三、数据访问

4.1、springboot整合使用JdbcTemplate

4.1.1 pom文件引入

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

4.1.2 application.properties新增配置

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:23306/mydatabase
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=master
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

4.1.3 TestController类

package com.hongmoshui.test.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.hongmoshui.test.service.UserService;

@Controller
public class TestController
{
    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/createUser")
    @ResponseBody
    public String createUser(String name, Integer age)
    {
        if (name == null || age == null)
        {
            return "parameter is error";
        }
        int result = userService.createUser(name, age);
        return result > 0 ? "success" : "fail";
    }

}

4.1.3 UserServiceImpl类

package com.hongmoshui.test.service.impl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.hongmoshui.test.service.UserService;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService
{
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public int createUser(String name, Integer age)
    {
        System.out.println("create user,name:" + name + ",age:" + age);
        int update = jdbcTemplate.update("insert into users values(null,?,?);", name, age);
        return update;
    }
}

4.1.4 TestApp类

package com.hongmoshui;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.hongmoshui.test") // 控制器扫包范围
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class TestApp
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(TestApp.class, args);
    }
}

注意: spring-boot-starter-parent要在1.5以上

4.2、springboot整合使用mybatis

4.2.1、pom文件引入mybatis依赖的jar包

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>

注意：这个jar包依赖，不能是以下的，不然启动时会报错，无法实例化UserDao

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.4</version>
        </dependency>

4.2.3、UserDao的代码

package com.hongmoshui.test.dao;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import com.hongmoshui.test.entity.User;

@Mapper
public interface UserDao
{
    @Select("SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = #{name}")
    User queryUser(String name);
}

4.2.4、启动方式

package com.hongmoshui;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.hongmoshui.test") // 控制器扫包范围
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@MapperScan("com.hongmoshui.test.dao")
public class TestApp
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(TestApp.class, args);
    }
}

4.3、springboot整合使用springjpa

4.3.1 pom文件引入依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

4.3.2 User实体类修改，增加相应的注解

package com.hongmoshui.test.entity;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity(name = "users")
public class User
{
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private int id;

    @Column
    private String name;

    @Column
    private int age;

    public int getId()
    {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id)
    {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName()
    {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name)
    {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge()
    {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age)
    {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString()
    {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
    }

}

@Entity(name = "users")：表名【users】，
@Id：表的主键
@GeneratedValue：主键自增
@Column：表的字段属性

4.3.3 创建UserDaoJPA

package com.hongmoshui.test.dao;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import com.hongmoshui.test.entity.User;

public interface UserDaoJPA extends JpaRepository<User, Integer>
{

}

4.3.4 启动项目

package com.hongmoshui;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.hongmoshui.test") // 控制器扫包范围
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@MapperScan("com.hongmoshui.test.dao")
@EnableJpaRepositories("com.hongmoshui.test.dao")
@EntityScan("com.hongmoshui.test.entity")
public class TestApp
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(TestApp.class, args);
    }
}

@EnableJpaRepositories("com.hongmoshui.test.dao")：dao的包路径
@EntityScan("com.hongmoshui.test.entity")：实体类的包路径

4.4、springboot整合多数据源

4.4.1配置文件中新增两个数据源

##test1
spring.datasource.test1.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:23306/test1
spring.datasource.test1.username=root
spring.datasource.test1.password=master
spring.datasource.test1.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
##test2
spring.datasource.test2.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:23306/test2
spring.datasource.test2.username=root
spring.datasource.test2.password=master
spring.datasource.test2.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

4.4.2两个数据源的配置代码

数据库test1的配置DataSource1Config.java

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.config;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;

@Configuration // 注册到springboot容器中
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.user.user1", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "test1SqlSessionFactory")
public class DataSource1Config
{

    /**
     * 配置test1数据库
     * @author 墨水
     */
    @Bean(name = "test1DataSource")
    @Primary // 这个注解表示，默认使用此数据源
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.test1")
    public DataSource testDataSource()
    {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    /**
     * test1 sql会话工厂
     * @author 墨水
     */
    @Bean(name = "test1SqlSessionFactory")
    @Primary
    public SqlSessionFactory testSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test1DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception
    {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
//        bean.setMapperLocations(
//                new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:mybatis/mapper/test1/*.xml"));
        return bean.getObject();
    }

    /**
     * test1 事物管理
     * @author 墨水
     */
    @Bean(name = "test1TransactionManager")
    @Primary
    public DataSourceTransactionManager testTransactionManager(@Qualifier("test1DataSource") DataSource dataSource)
    {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }

    /**
     * test1 sql会话模板
     * @author 墨水
     */
    @Bean(name = "test1SqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate testSqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("test1SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception
    {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }

}

数据库test2的配置DataSource2Config.java

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.config;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;

@Configuration // 注册到springboot容器中
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.user.user2", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "test2SqlSessionFactory")
public class DataSource2Config
{

    /**
     * 配置test2数据库
     * @author 墨水
     */
    @Bean(name = "test2DataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.test2")
    public DataSource testDataSource()
    {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    /**
     * test2 sql会话工厂
     * @author 墨水
     */
    @Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionFactory")
    @Primary
    public SqlSessionFactory testSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception
    {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
//        bean.setMapperLocations(
//                new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:mybatis/mapper/test2/*.xml"));
        return bean.getObject();
    }

    /**
     * test2 事物管理
     * @author 墨水
     */
    @Bean(name = "test2TransactionManager")
    @Primary
    public DataSourceTransactionManager testTransactionManager(@Qualifier("test2DataSource") DataSource dataSource)
    {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }

    /**
     * test2 sql会话模板
     * @author 墨水
     */
    @Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate testSqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("test2SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception
    {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }

}

4.4.2创建分包Mapper

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.user.user1;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.entity.User;

public interface User1Mapper
{
    @Insert("insert into users values(null,#{name},#{age});")
    public int addUser(@Param("name") String name, @Param("age") Integer age);

    @Select("select * from users where name=#{name};")
    public User queryUser(String name);
}

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.user.user2;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.entity.User;

public interface User2Mapper
{
    @Insert("insert into users values(null,#{name},#{age});")
    public int addUser(@Param("name") String name, @Param("age") Integer age);

    @Select("select * from users where name=#{name};")
    public User queryUser(String name);
}

4.4.3启动项目

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.hongmoshui.test.datasource")
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class datasourceApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(datasourceApp.class, args);
    }
}

三、事物管理

5.1.1springboot整合事物管理

 springboot默认集成事物,只主要在方法上加上@Transactional即可

5.1.2SpringBoot分布式事物管理

使用springboot+jta+atomikos 分布式事物管理

5.1.2.1pom文件中，引入新的jar包依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos</artifactId>
        </dependency>

5.1.2.2新增配置文件信息

# Mysql 1
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:23306/test1?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.username = root
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.password = master

mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.minPoolSize = 3
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.maxPoolSize = 25
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.maxLifetime = 20000
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.borrowConnectionTimeout = 30
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.loginTimeout = 30
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.maintenanceInterval = 60
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.maxIdleTime = 60
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1.testQuery = select 1

# Mysql 2
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.url =jdbc:mysql://localhost:23306/test2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.username =root
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.password =m

mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.minPoolSize = 3
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.maxPoolSize = 25
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.maxLifetime = 20000
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.borrowConnectionTimeout = 30
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.loginTimeout = 30
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.maintenanceInterval = 60
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.maxIdleTime = 60
mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2.testQuery = select 1

5.1.2.3 读取配置文件信息的代码

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.config;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mysql.datasource.atomikos.test1")
public class DBConfig1
{

    private String url;

    private String username;

    private String password;

    private int minPoolSize;

    private int maxPoolSize;

    private int maxLifetime;

    private int borrowConnectionTimeout;

    private int loginTimeout;

    private int maintenanceInterval;

    private int maxIdleTime;

    private String testQuery;

    public String getUrl()
    {
        return url;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url)
    {
        this.url = url;
    }

    public String getUsername()
    {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username)
    {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword()
    {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password)
    {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getMinPoolSize()
    {
        return minPoolSize;
    }

    public void setMinPoolSize(int minPoolSize)
    {
        this.minPoolSize = minPoolSize;
    }

    public int getMaxPoolSize()
    {
        return maxPoolSize;
    }

    public void setMaxPoolSize(int maxPoolSize)
    {
        this.maxPoolSize = maxPoolSize;
    }

    public int getMaxLifetime()
    {
        return maxLifetime;
    }

    public void setMaxLifetime(int maxLifetime)
    {
        this.maxLifetime = maxLifetime;
    }

    public int getBorrowConnectionTimeout()
    {
        return borrowConnectionTimeout;
    }

    public void setBorrowConnectionTimeout(int borrowConnectionTimeout)
    {
        this.borrowConnectionTimeout = borrowConnectionTimeout;
    }

    public int getLoginTimeout()
    {
        return loginTimeout;
    }

    public void setLoginTimeout(int loginTimeout)
    {
        this.loginTimeout = loginTimeout;
    }

    public int getMaintenanceInterval()
    {
        return maintenanceInterval;
    }

    public void setMaintenanceInterval(int maintenanceInterval)
    {
        this.maintenanceInterval = maintenanceInterval;
    }

    public int getMaxIdleTime()
    {
        return maxIdleTime;
    }

    public void setMaxIdleTime(int maxIdleTime)
    {
        this.maxIdleTime = maxIdleTime;
    }

    public String getTestQuery()
    {
        return testQuery;
    }

    public void setTestQuery(String testQuery)
    {
        this.testQuery = testQuery;
    }

}

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.config;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mysql.datasource.atomikos.test2")
public class DBConfig2
{

    private String url;

    private String username;

    private String password;

    private int minPoolSize;

    private int maxPoolSize;

    private int maxLifetime;

    private int borrowConnectionTimeout;

    private int loginTimeout;

    private int maintenanceInterval;

    private int maxIdleTime;

    private String testQuery;

    public String getUrl()
    {
        return url;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url)
    {
        this.url = url;
    }

    public String getUsername()
    {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username)
    {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword()
    {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password)
    {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getMinPoolSize()
    {
        return minPoolSize;
    }

    public void setMinPoolSize(int minPoolSize)
    {
        this.minPoolSize = minPoolSize;
    }

    public int getMaxPoolSize()
    {
        return maxPoolSize;
    }

    public void setMaxPoolSize(int maxPoolSize)
    {
        this.maxPoolSize = maxPoolSize;
    }

    public int getMaxLifetime()
    {
        return maxLifetime;
    }

    public void setMaxLifetime(int maxLifetime)
    {
        this.maxLifetime = maxLifetime;
    }

    public int getBorrowConnectionTimeout()
    {
        return borrowConnectionTimeout;
    }

    public void setBorrowConnectionTimeout(int borrowConnectionTimeout)
    {
        this.borrowConnectionTimeout = borrowConnectionTimeout;
    }

    public int getLoginTimeout()
    {
        return loginTimeout;
    }

    public void setLoginTimeout(int loginTimeout)
    {
        this.loginTimeout = loginTimeout;
    }

    public int getMaintenanceInterval()
    {
        return maintenanceInterval;
    }

    public void setMaintenanceInterval(int maintenanceInterval)
    {
        this.maintenanceInterval = maintenanceInterval;
    }

    public int getMaxIdleTime()
    {
        return maxIdleTime;
    }

    public void setMaxIdleTime(int maxIdleTime)
    {
        this.maxIdleTime = maxIdleTime;
    }

    public String getTestQuery()
    {
        return testQuery;
    }

    public void setTestQuery(String testQuery)
    {
        this.testQuery = testQuery;
    }

}

5.1.2.4 创建多数据源

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.jta.atomikos.AtomikosDataSourceBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.config.DBConfig1;
import com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlXADataSource;

@Configuration
// basePackages 最好分开配置 如果放在同一个文件夹可能会报错
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.user.user1", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "testSqlSessionTemplate")
public class TestMyBatisConfig1
{

    // 配置数据源
    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "testDataSource")
    public DataSource testDataSource(DBConfig1 testConfig) throws SQLException
    {
        MysqlXADataSource mysqlXaDataSource = new MysqlXADataSource();
        mysqlXaDataSource.setUrl(testConfig.getUrl());
        mysqlXaDataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true);
        mysqlXaDataSource.setPassword(testConfig.getPassword());
        mysqlXaDataSource.setUser(testConfig.getUsername());
        mysqlXaDataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true);

        AtomikosDataSourceBean xaDataSource = new AtomikosDataSourceBean();
        xaDataSource.setXaDataSource(mysqlXaDataSource);
        xaDataSource.setUniqueResourceName("testDataSource");

        xaDataSource.setMinPoolSize(testConfig.getMinPoolSize());
        xaDataSource.setMaxPoolSize(testConfig.getMaxPoolSize());
        xaDataSource.setMaxLifetime(testConfig.getMaxLifetime());
        xaDataSource.setBorrowConnectionTimeout(testConfig.getBorrowConnectionTimeout());
        xaDataSource.setLoginTimeout(testConfig.getLoginTimeout());
        xaDataSource.setMaintenanceInterval(testConfig.getMaintenanceInterval());
        xaDataSource.setMaxIdleTime(testConfig.getMaxIdleTime());
        xaDataSource.setTestQuery(testConfig.getTestQuery());
        return xaDataSource;
    }

    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "testSqlSessionFactory")
    public SqlSessionFactory testSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("testDataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception
    {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        return bean.getObject();
    }

    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "testSqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate testSqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("testSqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception
    {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.jta.atomikos.AtomikosDataSourceBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.config.DBConfig1;
import com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlXADataSource;

@Configuration
// basePackages 最好分开配置 如果放在同一个文件夹可能会报错
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.user.user1", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "test2SqlSessionTemplate")
public class TestMyBatisConfig2
{

    // 配置数据源
    @Bean(name = "test2DataSource")
    public DataSource testDataSource(DBConfig1 testConfig) throws SQLException
    {
        MysqlXADataSource mysqlXaDataSource = new MysqlXADataSource();
        mysqlXaDataSource.setUrl(testConfig.getUrl());
        mysqlXaDataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true);
        mysqlXaDataSource.setPassword(testConfig.getPassword());
        mysqlXaDataSource.setUser(testConfig.getUsername());
        mysqlXaDataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true);

        AtomikosDataSourceBean xaDataSource = new AtomikosDataSourceBean();
        xaDataSource.setXaDataSource(mysqlXaDataSource);
        xaDataSource.setUniqueResourceName("test2DataSource");

        xaDataSource.setMinPoolSize(testConfig.getMinPoolSize());
        xaDataSource.setMaxPoolSize(testConfig.getMaxPoolSize());
        xaDataSource.setMaxLifetime(testConfig.getMaxLifetime());
        xaDataSource.setBorrowConnectionTimeout(testConfig.getBorrowConnectionTimeout());
        xaDataSource.setLoginTimeout(testConfig.getLoginTimeout());
        xaDataSource.setMaintenanceInterval(testConfig.getMaintenanceInterval());
        xaDataSource.setMaxIdleTime(testConfig.getMaxIdleTime());
        xaDataSource.setTestQuery(testConfig.getTestQuery());
        return xaDataSource;
    }

    @Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionFactory")
    public SqlSessionFactory testSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception
    {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        return bean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate testSqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("test2SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception
    {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}

5.1.2.4 启动加载配置

@EnableConfigurationProperties(value = { DBConfig1.class, DBConfig2.class })

三、日志管理

6.1使用log4j记录日志

6.1.2新建log4j配置文件

#log4j.rootLogger=CONSOLE,info,error,DEBUG
log4j.rootLogger=info,error,CONSOLE,DEBUG
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender     
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout     
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n     
log4j.logger.info=info
log4j.appender.info=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.info.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout     
log4j.appender.info.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n  
log4j.appender.info.datePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.info.Threshold = info   
log4j.appender.info.append=true   
#log4j.appender.info.File=/home/admin/pms-api-services/logs/info/api_services_info
log4j.appender.info.File=D:/testlogspace/pms-api-services/logs/info/api_services_info
log4j.logger.error=error  
log4j.appender.error=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.error.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout     
log4j.appender.error.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n  
log4j.appender.error.datePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.error.Threshold = error   
log4j.appender.error.append=true   
#log4j.appender.error.File=/home/admin/pms-api-services/logs/error/api_services_error
log4j.appender.error.File=D:/testlogspace/pms-api-services/logs/error/api_services_error
log4j.logger.DEBUG=DEBUG
log4j.appender.DEBUG=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.DEBUG.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout     
log4j.appender.DEBUG.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n  
log4j.appender.DEBUG.datePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.DEBUG.Threshold = DEBUG   
log4j.appender.DEBUG.append=true   
#log4j.appender.DEBUG.File=/home/admin/pms-api-services/logs/debug/api_services_debug
log4j.appender.DEBUG.File=D:/testlogspace/pms-api-services/logs/debug/api_services_debug

代码引入中使用【import org.apache.log4j.Logger】：

private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(TestController.class);

6.2使用AOP统一处理Web请求日志

6.2.1POM文件新增jar包依赖

　　<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
    </dependency>

6.2.2编写日志切面类

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.aop;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;

@Aspect
@Component
public class WebLogAspect
{
    private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(getClass());

    @Pointcut("execution(public * com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.controller..*.*(..))")
    public void webLog()
    {
    }

    @Before("webLog()")
    public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable
    {
        // 接收到请求，记录请求内容
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
        // 记录下请求内容
        logger.info("URL : " + request.getRequestURL().toString());
        logger.info("HTTP_METHOD : " + request.getMethod());
        logger.info("IP : " + request.getRemoteAddr());
        Enumeration<String> enu = request.getParameterNames();
        while (enu.hasMoreElements())
        {
            String name = (String) enu.nextElement();
            logger.info(String.format("name:{},value:{}", name, request.getParameter(name)));
        }
    }

    @AfterReturning(returning = "ret", pointcut = "webLog()")
    public void doAfterReturning(Object ret) throws Throwable
    {
        // 处理完请求，返回内容
        logger.info("RESPONSE : " + ret);
    }
}

三、缓存支持

7.1注解配置与EhCache使用

7.1.1 pom文件引入新的jar包依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
        </dependency>

7.1.2新建ehcache.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd"
    updateCheck="false">
    <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir/Tmp_EhCache" />

    <!-- 默认配置 -->
    <defaultCache maxElementsInMemory="5000" eternal="false"
        timeToIdleSeconds="120" timeToLiveSeconds="120"
        memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU" overflowToDisk="false" />

    <cache name="baseCache" maxElementsInMemory="10000"
        maxElementsOnDisk="100000" />

</ehcache>
<!--1.配置的相关信息介绍      
2.name:缓存名称。  
3.maxElementsInMemory：缓存最大个数。  
4.eternal:对象是否永久有效，一但设置了，timeout将不起作用。  
5.timeToIdleSeconds：设置对象在失效前的允许闲置时间（单位：秒）。仅当eternal=false对象不是永久有效时使用，可选属性，默认值是0，也就是可闲置时间无穷大。  
6.timeToLiveSeconds：设置对象在失效前允许存活时间（单位：秒）。最大时间介于创建时间和失效时间之间。仅当eternal=false对象不是永久有效时使用，默认是0.，也就是对象存活时间无穷大。  
7.overflowToDisk：当内存中对象数量达到maxElementsInMemory时，Ehcache将会对象写到磁盘中。  
8.diskSpoolBufferSizeMB：这个参数设置DiskStore（磁盘缓存）的缓存区大小。默认是30MB。每个Cache都应该有自己的一个缓冲区。  
9.maxElementsOnDisk：硬盘最大缓存个数。  
10.diskPersistent：是否缓存虚拟机重启期数据 Whether the disk store persists between restarts of the Virtual Machine. The default value is false.  
11.diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds：磁盘失效线程运行时间间隔，默认是120秒。  
12.memoryStoreEvictionPolicy：当达到maxElementsInMemory限制时，Ehcache将会根据指定的策略去清理内存。默认策略是LRU（最近最少使用）。你可以设置为FIFO（先进先出）或是LFU（较少使用）。  
13.clearOnFlush：内存数量最大时是否清除。  
14.--> 

7.1.3代码使用Cacheable

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.user.user1;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheConfig;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import com.hongmoshui.test.datasource.entity.User;

@CacheConfig(cacheNames = "baseCache")
public interface User1Mapper
{
    @Insert("insert into users values(null,#{name},#{age});")
    public int addUser(@Param("name") String name, @Param("age") Integer age);

    @Cacheable
    @Select("select * from users where name=#{name};")
    public User queryUser(String name);
}

7.1.4清除缓存

@Autowired
private CacheManager cacheManager;
@RequestMapping("/remoKey")
public void remoKey() {
    cacheManager.getCache("baseCache").clear();
}

三、其他内容

8.1、使用@Scheduled创建定时任务

在Spring Boot的主类中加入@EnableScheduling注解，启用定时任务的配置

package com.hongmoshui.test.datasource;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;

public class ScheduledTasks
{
    private static final SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss");

    @Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000)
    public void reportCurrentTime()
    {
        System.out.println("现在时间：" + dateFormat.format(new Date()));
    }
}

8.2、使用@Async实现异步调用

启动加上@EnableAsync ,需要执行异步方法上加入  @Async

8.3、自定义参数

配置文件值

name=hongmoshui.com

后台代码：

    @Value("${name}")
    private String name;

    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/getValue")
    public String getValue()
    {
        return name;
    }

8.4、多环境配置

spring.profiles.active=pre

注：

application-dev.properties：开发环境
application-test.properties：测试环境
application-prod.properties：生产环境

8.5、修改端口号

server.port=8888
server.context-path=/hongmoshui

8.6、SpringBoot yml 使用

创建application.yml

server:
  port:  8090
  context-path: /hongmoshui

8.7、发布打包

使用mvn package 打包

使用java –jar 包名

如果报错没有主清单,在pom文件中新增

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <maimClass>com.hongmoshui.app.App</maimClass>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>

            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>