完成这个小球的完全弹性碰撞游戏灵感来自于:
下面是我花了一周下班时间所编写的一个小球完全弹性碰撞游戏:
游戏初始化状态:
最下面的游标和修改小球的移动速度
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源码部分:
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1 #python tkinter 2 #python version 3.3.2 3 4 from tkinter import * 5 6 ''' 7 判断 8 两个小球 9 { 10 圆心:A(x1,y1) 半径:r X轴速度:Vax Y轴速度:Vay 11 圆心:B(x2,y2) 半径:R X轴速度:Vbx Y轴速度:Vby 12 } 13 碰撞的条件是: 14 1.两个小球的圆心距离不大于两小球半径之和(r+R),即: 15 { 16 (x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2 <= (r + R)^2 17 } 18 2.小球碰撞后,两小球的数度交换,即: 19 { 20 tempVax = Vax 21 tempVay = Vay 22 Vax = Vbx 23 Vay = Vby 24 Vbx = tempVax 25 Vby = tempVay 26 或: 27 Vax = Vax + Vbx 28 Vbx = Vax - Vbx 29 Vax = Vax - Vbx 30 Vay = Vay + Vby 31 Vby = Vay - Vby 32 Vay = Vay - Vby 33 } 34 35 游戏规则: 36 五小球在画布中移动,他们之间会产生碰撞,当然小球和上下左右都会产生碰撞 37 碰撞后,小球会改变方向返回 38 而最下面的游标则用于调节小球的移动速度,游标的范围是[-100, 100] 39 40 缺陷或BUG: 41 1.在修改游标数据从而改变小球移动速度的时候,小球移动的距离得不到及时的更新 42 导致小球可能会逃离画布 43 2.小球在运动的过程中,有时候也有可能逃离画布 44 45 总结: 46 完成这个游戏,花了一个星期的下班时间。在这个过程中不仅回去学习了高中的数学知识, 47 物理知识,很多东西都忘得差不多了,不过很快又学返回来了。 48 游戏其实很多就是数学问题。 49 50 游戏中还存在缺陷或BUG,希望志同道合者可以共同完善。 51 ''' 52 53 __author__ = {'author' : 'Hongten', 54 'Email' : 'hongtenzone@foxmail.com', 55 'Blog' : 'http://www.cnblogs.com/hongten/', 56 'Created' : '2013-09-28', 57 'Version' : '1.0'} 58 59 class Pong(Frame): 60 def createWidgets(self): 61 ## 画布 62 self.draw = Canvas(self, width="5i", height="5i", bg='white') 63 64 ## 游标(控制小球移动速度,范围:[-100, 100]) 65 self.speed = Scale(self, orient=HORIZONTAL, label="ball speed", 66 from_=-100, to=100) 67 68 self.speed.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X) 69 70 #小球碰撞墙壁的范围 71 self.scaling_right = 4.8 72 self.scaling_left = 0.2 73 #小球直径 74 self.ball_d = 0.4 75 #游标度数 76 self.scale_value = self.speed.get() 77 #放缩率 78 self.scaling = 100.0 79 80 #存放小球数组 81 self.balls = [] 82 #存放小球x坐标数组 83 self.ball_x = [] 84 #存放小球y坐标数组 85 self.ball_y = [] 86 #存放小球x轴方向速度数组 87 self.ball_v_x = [] 88 #存放小球y轴方向速度数组 89 self.ball_v_y = [] 90 91 # 五个小球 92 self.ball = self.draw.create_oval("0.10i", "0.10i", "0.50i", "0.50i", 93 fill="red") 94 self.second_ball = self.draw.create_oval("0.70i", "0.70i", "1.10i", "1.10i", 95 fill='black') 96 self.three_ball = self.draw.create_oval("1.30i", "1.30i", "1.70i", "1.70i", 97 fill='brown') 98 self.four_ball = self.draw.create_oval("2.0i", "2.0i", "2.40i", "2.40i", 99 fill='green') 100 self.five_ball = self.draw.create_oval("3.0i", "3.0i", "3.40i", "3.40i", 101 fill='gray') 102 103 #把五个小球放入数组 104 self.balls.append(self.ball) 105 self.balls.append(self.second_ball) 106 self.balls.append(self.three_ball) 107 self.balls.append(self.four_ball) 108 self.balls.append(self.five_ball) 109 110 #第一个小球,即self.ball的圆心坐标(self.x, self.y),这里进行了放缩,目的是为了 111 #在小球移动的过程中更加流畅 112 self.x = 0.3 113 self.y = 0.3 114 #第一个小球的速度方向 115 self.velocity_x = -0.2 116 self.velocity_y = 0.5 117 118 self.second_ball_x = 0.9 119 self.second_ball_y = 0.9 120 self.second_ball_v_x = 0.4 121 self.second_ball_v_y = -0.5 122 123 self.three_ball_x = 1.5 124 self.three_ball_y = 1.5 125 self.three_ball_v_x = -0.3 126 self.three_ball_v_y = -0.5 127 128 self.four_ball_x = 2.2 129 self.four_ball_y = 2.2 130 self.four_ball_v_x = 0.1 131 self.four_ball_v_y = -0.5 132 133 self.five_ball_x = 3.2 134 self.five_ball_y = 3.2 135 self.five_ball_v_x = 0.3 136 self.five_ball_v_y = 0.5 137 138 139 #更新小球的坐标 140 self.update_ball_x_y() 141 self.draw.pack(side=LEFT) 142 143 def update_ball_x_y(self, *args): 144 '''更新小球的坐标,即把各个小球的圆心坐标信息以及速度信息存放到数组中, 145 便于在后面循环遍历的时候使用。''' 146 #第一个小球信息 147 self.ball_x.append(self.x) 148 self.ball_y.append(self.y) 149 self.ball_v_x.append(self.velocity_x) 150 self.ball_v_y.append(self.velocity_y) 151 152 self.ball_x.append(self.second_ball_x) 153 self.ball_y.append(self.second_ball_y) 154 self.ball_v_x.append(self.second_ball_v_x) 155 self.ball_v_y.append(self.second_ball_v_y) 156 157 self.ball_x.append(self.three_ball_x) 158 self.ball_y.append(self.three_ball_y) 159 self.ball_v_x.append(self.three_ball_v_x) 160 self.ball_v_y.append(self.three_ball_v_y) 161 162 self.ball_x.append(self.four_ball_x) 163 self.ball_y.append(self.four_ball_y) 164 self.ball_v_x.append(self.four_ball_v_x) 165 self.ball_v_y.append(self.four_ball_v_y) 166 167 self.ball_x.append(self.five_ball_x) 168 self.ball_y.append(self.five_ball_y) 169 self.ball_v_x.append(self.five_ball_v_x) 170 self.ball_v_y.append(self.five_ball_v_y) 171 172 def update_ball_velocity(self, index, *args): 173 '''更新各个小球速度信息,即小球碰撞到四周和另外的小球索要更新的速度信息''' 174 #游标值 175 self.scale_value = self.speed.get() 176 #碰撞墙壁 177 if (self.ball_x[index] > self.scaling_right) or (self.ball_x[index] < self.scaling_left): 178 self.ball_v_x[index] = -1.0 * self.ball_v_x[index] 179 if (self.ball_y[index] > self.scaling_right) or (self.ball_y[index] < self.scaling_left): 180 self.ball_v_y[index] = -1.0 * self.ball_v_y[index] 181 182 ''' 183 #TEST: 184 for n in range(len(self.balls)): 185 #print((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2) 186 #print(round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2)) 187 print(round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2) <= round(self.ball_d**2, 2)) 188 ''' 189 for n in range(len(self.balls)): 190 #小球碰撞条件,即:(x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2 <= (r + R)^2 191 if (round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2) <= round(self.ball_d**2, 2)): 192 #两小球速度交换 193 temp_vx = self.ball_v_x[index] 194 temp_vy = self.ball_v_y[index] 195 self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[n] 196 self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[n] 197 self.ball_v_x[n] = temp_vx 198 self.ball_v_y[n] = temp_vy 199 #print(self.ball_v_x, self.ball_v_y) 200 201 ''' 202 #WRONG: 203 for n in range(len(self.balls)): 204 if (((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2) <= self.ball_d**2): 205 #两小球速度交换 206 self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[index] + self.ball_v_x[n] 207 self.ball_v_x[n] = self.ball_v_x[0] - self.ball_v_x[n] 208 self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[index] - self.ball_v_x[n] 209 self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[index] + self.ball_v_y[n] 210 self.ball_v_y[n] = self.ball_v_y[index] - self.ball_v_y[n] 211 self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[index] - self.ball_v_y[n] 212 print(self.ball_v_x, self.ball_v_y) 213 ''' 214 215 def get_ball_deltax(self, index, *args): 216 '''获取小球X轴坐标移动距离并且更新小球的圆心X坐标,返回X轴所需移动距离''' 217 deltax = (self.ball_v_x[index] * self.scale_value / self.scaling) 218 self.ball_x[index] = self.ball_x[index] + deltax 219 return deltax 220 221 def get_ball_deltay(self, index, *args): 222 '''获取小球Y轴坐标移动距离并且更新小球的圆心Y坐标,返回Y轴所需移动距离''' 223 deltay = (self.ball_v_y[index] * self.scale_value / self.scaling) 224 self.ball_y[index] = self.ball_y[index] + deltay 225 return deltay 226 227 def moveBall(self, *args): 228 '''移动第一个小球,编号为:0,这是根据数组:self.balls确定的。''' 229 self.update_ball_velocity(0) 230 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(0) 231 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(0) 232 #小球移动 233 self.draw.move(self.ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 234 self.after(10, self.moveBall) 235 236 def move_second_ball(self, *args): 237 self.update_ball_velocity(1) 238 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(1) 239 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(1) 240 self.draw.move(self.second_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 241 self.after(10, self.move_second_ball) 242 243 244 def move_three_ball(self, *args): 245 self.update_ball_velocity(2) 246 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(2) 247 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(2) 248 self.draw.move(self.three_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 249 self.after(10, self.move_three_ball) 250 251 def move_four_ball(self, *args): 252 self.update_ball_velocity(3) 253 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(3) 254 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(3) 255 self.draw.move(self.four_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 256 self.after(10, self.move_four_ball) 257 258 def move_five_ball(self, *args): 259 self.update_ball_velocity(4) 260 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(4) 261 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(4) 262 self.draw.move(self.five_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 263 self.after(10, self.move_five_ball) 264 265 266 def __init__(self, master=None): 267 '''初始化函数''' 268 Frame.__init__(self, master) 269 Pack.config(self) 270 self.createWidgets() 271 self.after(10, self.moveBall) 272 self.after(10, self.move_three_ball) 273 self.after(10, self.move_four_ball) 274 self.after(10, self.move_five_ball) 275 self.after(10, self.move_second_ball) 276 277 278 game = Pong() 279 280 game.mainloop()
源码下载:http://files.cnblogs.com/hongten/python_tkinter_pong.1.0.zip
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第二个版本 version.1.1: Edit by Hongten 2013-09-28 17:40
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修改记录:
1.调整画布大小
2.调整了小球的半径,以及小球的速度初始值,小球初始圆心坐标
3.游标的范围修改为:[-200, 200]
这些修改主要是针对上面的缺陷而进行的。
优点:
1.小球移动的过程更直观
2.小球的移动速度变小,但是可以根据游标来修改小球移动速度
3.界面比之前更加友好
运行效果:
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1 #python tkinter 2 #python version 3.3.2 3 4 from tkinter import * 5 6 ''' 7 判断 8 两个小球 9 { 10 圆心:A(x1,y1) 半径:r X轴速度:Vax Y轴速度:Vay 11 圆心:B(x2,y2) 半径:R X轴速度:Vbx Y轴速度:Vby 12 } 13 碰撞的条件是: 14 1.两个小球的圆心距离不大于两小球半径之和(r+R),即: 15 { 16 (x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2 <= (r + R)^2 17 } 18 2.小球碰撞后,两小球的数度交换,即: 19 { 20 tempVax = Vax 21 tempVay = Vay 22 Vax = Vbx 23 Vay = Vby 24 Vbx = tempVax 25 Vby = tempVay 26 或: 27 Vax = Vax + Vbx 28 Vbx = Vax - Vbx 29 Vax = Vax - Vbx 30 Vay = Vay + Vby 31 Vby = Vay - Vby 32 Vay = Vay - Vby 33 } 34 35 游戏规则: 36 五小球在画布中移动,他们之间会产生碰撞,当然小球和上下左右都会产生碰撞 37 碰撞后,小球会改变方向返回 38 而最下面的游标则用于调节小球的移动速度,游标的范围是[-100, 100] 39 40 缺陷或BUG: 41 1.在修改游标数据从而改变小球移动速度的时候,小球移动的距离得不到及时的更新 42 导致小球可能会逃离画布 43 2.小球在运动的过程中,有时候也有可能逃离画布 44 45 总结: 46 完成这个游戏,花了一个星期的下班时间。在这个过程中不仅回去学习了高中的数学知识, 47 物理知识,很多东西都忘得差不多了,不过很快又学返回来了。 48 游戏其实很多就是数学问题。 49 50 游戏中还存在缺陷或BUG,希望志同道合者可以共同完善。 51 52 修改记录: 53 1.调整画布大小 54 2.调整了小球的半径,以及小球的速度初始值,小球初始圆心坐标 55 3.游标的范围修改为:[-200, 200] 56 这些修改主要是针对上面的缺陷而进行的。 57 58 优点: 59 1.小球移动的过程更直观 60 2.小球的移动速度变小,但是可以根据游标来修改小球移动速度 61 3.界面比之前更加友好 62 ''' 63 64 __author__ = {'author' : 'Hongten', 65 'Email' : 'hongtenzone@foxmail.com', 66 'Blog' : 'http://www.cnblogs.com/hongten/', 67 'Created' : '2013-09-28', 68 'Version' : '1.1'} 69 70 class Pong(Frame): 71 def createWidgets(self): 72 #放缩率 73 self.scaling = 100.0 74 #画布比例 75 self.canvas_width = 10 76 self.canvas_height = 5.6 77 ## 画布 78 self.draw = Canvas(self, width=(self.canvas_width * self.scaling), 79 height=(self.canvas_height * self.scaling), 80 bg='white') 81 82 ## 游标(控制小球移动速度,范围:[-100, 100]) 83 self.speed = Scale(self, orient=HORIZONTAL, label="ball speed", 84 from_=-200, to=200) 85 86 self.speed.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X) 87 88 #小球直径 89 self.ball_d = 1.0 90 #小球碰撞墙壁的范围 91 self.scaling_left = round(self.ball_d / 2, 1) 92 self.scaling_right = self.canvas_width - self.scaling_left 93 self.scaling_bottom = self.canvas_height - self.scaling_left 94 self.scaling_top = self.scaling_left 95 96 #游标度数 97 self.scale_value = self.speed.get() * 0.1 98 99 #存放小球数组 100 self.balls = [] 101 #存放小球x坐标数组 102 self.ball_x = [] 103 #存放小球y坐标数组 104 self.ball_y = [] 105 #存放小球x轴方向速度数组 106 self.ball_v_x = [] 107 #存放小球y轴方向速度数组 108 self.ball_v_y = [] 109 110 # 五个小球 111 self.ball = self.draw.create_oval("0.60i", "0.60i", "1.60i", "1.60i", 112 fill="red") 113 self.second_ball = self.draw.create_oval("2.0i", "2.0i", "3.0i", "3.0i", 114 fill='black') 115 self.three_ball = self.draw.create_oval("4.0i", "4.0i", "5.0i", "5.0i", 116 fill='brown') 117 self.four_ball = self.draw.create_oval("6.0i", "2.0i", "7.0i", "3.0i", 118 fill='green') 119 self.five_ball = self.draw.create_oval("8.0i", "3.0i", "9.0i", "4.0i", 120 fill='gray') 121 122 #把五个小球放入数组 123 self.balls.append(self.ball) 124 self.balls.append(self.second_ball) 125 self.balls.append(self.three_ball) 126 self.balls.append(self.four_ball) 127 self.balls.append(self.five_ball) 128 129 #第一个小球,即self.ball的圆心坐标(self.x, self.y),这里进行了放缩,目的是为了 130 #在小球移动的过程中更加流畅 131 self.x = 1.1 132 self.y = 1.1 133 #第一个小球的速度方向 134 self.velocity_x = -0.2 135 self.velocity_y = 0.1 136 137 self.second_ball_x = 2.5 138 self.second_ball_y = 2.5 139 self.second_ball_v_x = 0.1 140 self.second_ball_v_y = -0.2 141 142 self.three_ball_x = 4.5 143 self.three_ball_y = 4.5 144 self.three_ball_v_x = -0.1 145 self.three_ball_v_y = -0.2 146 147 self.four_ball_x = 6.5 148 self.four_ball_y = 2.5 149 self.four_ball_v_x = 0.1 150 self.four_ball_v_y = -0.2 151 152 self.five_ball_x = 8.5 153 self.five_ball_y = 3.5 154 self.five_ball_v_x = 0.1 155 self.five_ball_v_y = 0.2 156 157 158 #更新小球的坐标 159 self.update_ball_x_y() 160 self.draw.pack(side=LEFT) 161 162 def update_ball_x_y(self, *args): 163 '''更新小球的坐标,即把各个小球的圆心坐标信息以及速度信息存放到数组中, 164 便于在后面循环遍历的时候使用。''' 165 #第一个小球信息 166 self.ball_x.append(self.x) 167 self.ball_y.append(self.y) 168 self.ball_v_x.append(self.velocity_x) 169 self.ball_v_y.append(self.velocity_y) 170 171 self.ball_x.append(self.second_ball_x) 172 self.ball_y.append(self.second_ball_y) 173 self.ball_v_x.append(self.second_ball_v_x) 174 self.ball_v_y.append(self.second_ball_v_y) 175 176 self.ball_x.append(self.three_ball_x) 177 self.ball_y.append(self.three_ball_y) 178 self.ball_v_x.append(self.three_ball_v_x) 179 self.ball_v_y.append(self.three_ball_v_y) 180 181 self.ball_x.append(self.four_ball_x) 182 self.ball_y.append(self.four_ball_y) 183 self.ball_v_x.append(self.four_ball_v_x) 184 self.ball_v_y.append(self.four_ball_v_y) 185 186 self.ball_x.append(self.five_ball_x) 187 self.ball_y.append(self.five_ball_y) 188 self.ball_v_x.append(self.five_ball_v_x) 189 self.ball_v_y.append(self.five_ball_v_y) 190 191 def update_ball_velocity(self, index, *args): 192 '''更新各个小球速度信息,即小球碰撞到四周和另外的小球索要更新的速度信息''' 193 #游标值 194 self.scale_value = self.speed.get() * 0.1 195 #碰撞墙壁 196 if (self.ball_x[index] > self.scaling_right) or (self.ball_x[index] < self.scaling_left): 197 self.ball_v_x[index] = -1.0 * self.ball_v_x[index] 198 if (self.ball_y[index] > self.scaling_bottom) or (self.ball_y[index] < self.scaling_top): 199 self.ball_v_y[index] = -1.0 * self.ball_v_y[index] 200 201 ''' 202 #TEST: 203 for n in range(len(self.balls)): 204 #print((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2) 205 #print(round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2)) 206 print(round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2) <= round(self.ball_d**2, 2)) 207 ''' 208 for n in range(len(self.balls)): 209 #小球碰撞条件,即:(x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2 <= (r + R)^2 210 if (round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2) <= round(self.ball_d**2, 2)): 211 #两小球速度交换 212 temp_vx = self.ball_v_x[index] 213 temp_vy = self.ball_v_y[index] 214 self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[n] 215 self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[n] 216 self.ball_v_x[n] = temp_vx 217 self.ball_v_y[n] = temp_vy 218 #print(self.ball_v_x, self.ball_v_y) 219 220 ''' 221 #WRONG: 222 for n in range(len(self.balls)): 223 if (((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2) <= self.ball_d**2): 224 #两小球速度交换 225 self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[index] + self.ball_v_x[n] 226 self.ball_v_x[n] = self.ball_v_x[0] - self.ball_v_x[n] 227 self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[index] - self.ball_v_x[n] 228 self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[index] + self.ball_v_y[n] 229 self.ball_v_y[n] = self.ball_v_y[index] - self.ball_v_y[n] 230 self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[index] - self.ball_v_y[n] 231 print(self.ball_v_x, self.ball_v_y) 232 ''' 233 234 def get_ball_deltax(self, index, *args): 235 '''获取小球X轴坐标移动距离并且更新小球的圆心X坐标,返回X轴所需移动距离''' 236 deltax = (self.ball_v_x[index] * self.scale_value / self.scaling) 237 self.ball_x[index] = self.ball_x[index] + deltax 238 return deltax 239 240 def get_ball_deltay(self, index, *args): 241 '''获取小球Y轴坐标移动距离并且更新小球的圆心Y坐标,返回Y轴所需移动距离''' 242 deltay = (self.ball_v_y[index] * self.scale_value / self.scaling) 243 self.ball_y[index] = self.ball_y[index] + deltay 244 return deltay 245 246 def moveBall(self, *args): 247 '''移动第一个小球,编号为:0,这是根据数组:self.balls确定的。''' 248 self.update_ball_velocity(0) 249 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(0) 250 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(0) 251 #小球移动 252 self.draw.move(self.ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 253 self.after(10, self.moveBall) 254 255 def move_second_ball(self, *args): 256 self.update_ball_velocity(1) 257 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(1) 258 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(1) 259 self.draw.move(self.second_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 260 self.after(10, self.move_second_ball) 261 262 263 def move_three_ball(self, *args): 264 self.update_ball_velocity(2) 265 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(2) 266 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(2) 267 self.draw.move(self.three_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 268 self.after(10, self.move_three_ball) 269 270 def move_four_ball(self, *args): 271 self.update_ball_velocity(3) 272 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(3) 273 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(3) 274 self.draw.move(self.four_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 275 self.after(10, self.move_four_ball) 276 277 def move_five_ball(self, *args): 278 self.update_ball_velocity(4) 279 deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(4) 280 deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(4) 281 self.draw.move(self.five_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) 282 self.after(10, self.move_five_ball) 283 284 285 def __init__(self, master=None): 286 '''初始化函数''' 287 Frame.__init__(self, master) 288 Pack.config(self) 289 self.createWidgets() 290 self.after(10, self.moveBall) 291 self.after(10, self.move_three_ball) 292 self.after(10, self.move_four_ball) 293 self.after(10, self.move_five_ball) 294 self.after(10, self.move_second_ball) 295 296 297 game = Pong() 298 299 game.mainloop()
源码下载:http://files.cnblogs.com/hongten/python_tkinter_pong.1.1.zip
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More reading,and english is important.
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