82. You are managing an Oracle Database 11g database with the following backup strategy:
1) On Sunday, an incremental level 0 tape backup is performed.
2) Monday through Saturday, a cumulative incremental level 1 tape backup is performed.
Which two statements are true regarding the backups performed? (Choose two.)
A.The backup performed in step 1 backs up all blocks that have ever been in use in the database.
B.The backup performed in step 2 copies all the blocks changed since the most recent level 0 backup.
C.The backup performed in step 1 backs up all the blocks changed since the most recent level 1 backup.
D.The backup performed in step 2 backs up all blocks that have changed since the most recent
incremental backup at level 1.
Answer: AB
备份策略如下：
此题考的是增量累积备份
Cumulative Incremental Backups增量累积备份
In a cumulative level 1 backup, RMAN backs up all blocks used since the most recent level 0 incremental backup in either the current or parent incarnation.
Cumulative incremental backups reduce the work needed for a restore operation by ensuring that you only need one incremental backup from any particular level.
Cumulative backups require more space and time than differential backups because they duplicate the work done by previous backups at the same level.
Sunday
An incremental level 0 backup backs up all blocks that have ever been in use in this database.
0级增量备份会备份所有曾经在此数据库中使用的块。
Monday - Saturday
A cumulative incremental level 1 backup copies all blocks changed since the most recent level 0 backup.
Because the most recent level 0 backup was created on Sunday,
the level 1 backup on each day Monday through Saturday backs up all blocks changed since the Sunday backup（level 0 backup）.
增量累积1级备份，备份自最近0级备份所有变化的块。
因为最近0级备份在周日，
从星期一到星期六的1级备份，是备份自周日即0级备份所有变化的块。
下面是一个执行基本增量备份操作的命令：
1、首先使用rman连接目标库。 rman target /
[oracle@rtest ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Sep 17 10:12:39 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: TEST0910 (DBID=1912424611)
2、执行0级增量备份。 backup incremental level 0 database
RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database;
Starting backup at 17-SEP-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20130917T101737_93js455s_.bkp tag=TAG20130917T101737
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:17:20
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_ncsn0_TAG20130917T101737_93jt4oct_.bkp tag=TAG20130917T101737 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
Finished backup at 17-SEP-13
3、执行1级增量累积备份。 backup incremental level 1 cumulative database; 星期一是与0级备份之间的差异备份，星期二是与0级备份之间的差异累积备份，等等。
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative database;
Starting backup at 17-SEP-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20130917T104324_93jtndyx_.bkp tag=TAG20130917T104324
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20130917T104324_93jtnjq4_.bkp tag=TAG20130917T104324 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 17-SEP-13
查看备份集：
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
6 Incr 0 1.16G DISK 00:17:14 17-SEP-13
BP Key: 6 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130917T101737
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20130917T101737_93js455s_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 6
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 0 Incr 1506893 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 1506893 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf
3 0 Incr 1506893 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf
4 0 Incr 1506893 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf
5 0 Incr 1506893 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf
6 0 Incr 1506893 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
7 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:08 17-SEP-13
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130917T101737
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_ncsn0_TAG20130917T101737_93jt4oct_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 16-SEP-13
SPFILE db_unique_name: TEST0910
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1507287 Ckp time: 17-SEP-13
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
8 Incr 1 392.00K DISK 00:01:55 17-SEP-13
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130917T103557
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20130917T103557_93jt6hjt_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 8
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 1 Incr 1507334 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 1507334 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf
3 1 Incr 1507334 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf
4 1 Incr 1507334 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf
5 1 Incr 1507334 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf
6 1 Incr 1507334 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
9 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:04 17-SEP-13
BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130917T103557
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20130917T103557_93jtb225_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 16-SEP-13
SPFILE db_unique_name: TEST0910
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1507384 Ckp time: 17-SEP-13
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
10 Incr 1 472.00K DISK 00:00:02 17-SEP-13
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130917T104324
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20130917T104324_93jtndyx_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 10
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 1 Incr 1507539 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 1507539 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf
3 1 Incr 1507539 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf
4 1 Incr 1507539 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf
5 1 Incr 1507539 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf
6 1 Incr 1507539 17-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
11 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:04 17-SEP-13
BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130917T104324
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/backupset/2013_09_17/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20130917T104324_93jtnjq4_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 16-SEP-13
SPFILE db_unique_name: TEST0910
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1507540 Ckp time: 17-SEP-13