标准webservice调用

现代定义的webservice一般都倾向于restfull风格的http请求，但工作中还是会遇到前辈们写的时代代码。

我们更倾向于封装代码来调用，而不是服务引用。请看：

Service.asmx服务的注解

    [WebService(Namespace = "http://shanghai.org/")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
    // 若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务，请取消注释以下行。 
    // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
    public class Service : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {}

Web.config配置文件重要节点

  <system.web>
    <httpRuntime requestValidationType="Service.RequestValidatorDisabled" />
    <webServices>
      <protocols>
        <add name="HttpPost"/>
        <add name="HttpGet"/>
      </protocols>
    </webServices>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0"/>
  </system.web>

  <system.webServer>
    <defaultDocument>
      <files>
        <add value="Service.asmx"/>
      </files>
    </defaultDocument>
  </system.webServer>

    public class RequestValidatorDisabled : System.Web.Util.RequestValidator
    {
        protected override bool IsValidRequestString(System.Web.HttpContext context, string value, System.Web.Util.RequestValidationSource requestValidationSource, string collectionKey, out int validationFailureIndex)
        {

            validationFailureIndex = -1;
            return true;
        }
    }

以上不加验证也可。

客户端调用工具

        public static string Serialize<T>(T entity, bool base64 = true)
        {
            using (System.IO.StringWriter sw = new System.IO.StringWriter())
            {
                XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
                serializer.Serialize(sw, entity);

                if (base64)
                {
                    return Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sw.ToString()));
                }
                else
                {
                    return sw.ToString();
                }
            }
        }

        public static T Deserialize<T>(string data, bool base64 = true)
        {
            var xml = "";
            if (base64)
            {
                xml = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Convert.FromBase64String(data.Replace(" ", "+")));
            }
            else
            {
                xml = data;
            }

            using (System.IO.StringReader sr = new System.IO.StringReader(xml))
            {
                XmlSerializer deserializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
                return (T)deserializer.Deserialize(sr);
            }
        }

请求方法（去掉服务器返回的服务的命名空间），都以POST方式提交

        public static T Post<T>(string url, Dictionary<string, string> kvs)
        {
            var data = "";
            foreach (var k in kvs.Keys)
            {
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data))
                {
                    data += k + "=" + kvs[k];
                }
                else
                {
                    data += "&" + k + "=" + kvs[k];
                }
            }

            HttpWebRequest rq = null;

            try
            {
                rq = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
            }
            catch (Exception) { throw new Exception("错误:WEBSERVICE地址无效"); }

            rq.Method = "POST";
            rq.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

            byte[] bs = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
            rq.ContentLength = bs.Length;
            try
            {
                using (Stream writer = rq.GetRequestStream())
                {
                    if (bs.Length > 0)
                    {
                        writer.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception) { throw new Exception("错误:发送失败，网络异常"); }

            var response = "";
            try
            {
                var rp = rq.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;

                using (Stream reader = rp.GetResponseStream())
                {
                    response = new StreamReader(reader, Encoding.UTF8).ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception err) { throw new Exception("错误:接收失败，网络异常"); }

            try
            {
                return Deserialize<T>(TrimXmlns(response), false);
            }
            catch (Exception err) { throw new Exception("错误:数据序列化异常"); }
        }

        private static string TrimXmlns(string source)
        {
            return source.Replace("xmlns="http://shanghai.org/"", "");
        }

服务端定义接口

        [WebMethod(Description = "导入Excel移库计划")]
        public TransExcelDto ImportTransExcel(string data)
        {
            try
            {
                var tf = Common.Utilities.Deserialize<TransExcelDto>(data);

                return DataAccess.ImportTransExcel(tf);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                return new TransExcelDto().Failure(98, e.Message) as TransExcelDto;
            }
        }

调用举例，注意下面的key = data，即使接口的参数

TransExcelDto request = new TransExcelDto() { SessionId = Cache.SessionId };
3 
var postData = new Dictionary<string, string>();
postData.Add("data", Common.Utilities.Serialize<TransExcelDto>(request));

TransExcelDto result = Common.Utilities.Post<TransExcelDto>(Metadata.WebServiceUrl + "/ImportTransExcel", postData);