http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/install_apt.html
Ubuntu Installation
General dependencies
sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev
CUDA: Install by apt-get or the NVIDIA .run package. The NVIDIA package tends to follow more recent library and driver versions, but the installation is more manual. If installing from packages, install the library and latest driver separately; the driver bundled with the library is usually out-of-date. This can be skipped for CPU-only installation.
wget "http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1604/x86_64/cuda-repo-ubuntu1604_8.0.61-1_amd64.deb"
BLAS: install ATLAS by sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev or install OpenBLAS by sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev or MKL for better CPU performance.
Python (optional): if you use the default Python you will need to sudo apt-get install the python-dev package to have the Python headers for building the pycaffe interface.
Compatibility notes, 16.04
CUDA 8 is required on Ubuntu 16.04.
Remaining dependencies, 14.04
Everything is packaged in 14.04.
sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev
Remaining dependencies, 12.04
These dependencies need manual installation in 12.04.
# glog
wget https://github.com/google/glog/archive/v0.3.3.tar.gz
tar zxvf v0.3.3.tar.gz
cd glog-0.3.3
./configure
make && make install
# gflags
wget https://github.com/schuhschuh/gflags/archive/master.zip
unzip master.zip
cd gflags-master
mkdir build && cd build
export CXXFLAGS="-fPIC" && cmake .. && make VERBOSE=1
make && make install
# lmdb
git clone https://github.com/LMDB/lmdb
cd lmdb/libraries/liblmdb
make && make install
Note that glog does not compile with the most recent gflags version (2.1), so before that is resolved you will need to build with glog first.
Continue with compilation.