制作iPhone的SOAP应用的详细教程

本教程用到的提供soap接口的网址是:http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/这 个页面有多个方法可以通过soap调用,页面上也有说明.如果用IE的浏览器还能看到此网页提供的wsdl文件.要做soap的webservice首先 要了解一些关于webservice和soap的一些基本知识.下面几个网址可能会帮你快速入门.

SOAP教程:http://www.w3school.com.cn/soap/index.asp
使 用WSDL发布WebService:http://blog.csdn.net/meiqingsong/archive/2005/04/04/336057.aspx

    为 了便于理解,我先讲下soap的大体原理:我们在iPhone封装soap请求信息,发送到某个提供soap服务的服务器,如下例中我们用到的http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/.服 务器能接受和识别soap请求,当它接到请求,就根据客户端的请求情况调用服务器上的某个函数,并将函数返回结果封装成soap反馈信息发送给客户端.客 户端接收到soap反馈信息后,进行解析处理,以用户能理解的形式呈现给用户.整个过程就这么简单.

    好了,假设现在你已经有关于 soap的基础知识(没有也没关系,看了例子,再理解就更好理解了),下面我们开始做soap的例子.

    第一步,建一个 Hello_SOAP项目.用IB将Hello_SOAPViewController.xib做成如下图的界面

然后在Hello_SOAPViewController.h中添加如下代码

   1. @interface Hello_SOAPViewController : UIViewController
   2. {
   3.         IBOutlet UITextField *nameInput;
   4.         IBOutlet UILabel *greeting;
   5.  
   6.         NSMutableData *webData;
   7.         NSMutableString *soapResults;
   8.         NSXMLParser *xmlParser;
   9.         BOOL recordResults;
  10. }
  11.  
  12. @property(nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *nameInput;
  13. @property(nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UILabel *greeting;
  14.  
  15. @property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableData *webData;
  16. @property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableString *soapResults;
  17. @property(nonatomic, retain) NSXMLParser *xmlParser;
  18.  
  19. -(IBAction)buttonClick: (id) sender;
  20. - (void)getOffesetUTCTimeSOAP;

然后在Hello_SOAPViewController.xib中将两个输出口和一个动作连接好,这个不用手把手吧?
在 Hello_SOAPViewController.m文件中加入以下方法 :

   1. - (void)getOffesetUTCTimeSOAP
   2. {
   3.         recordResults = NO;
   4.         //封装soap请求消息
   5.         NSString *soapMessage = [NSString stringWithFormat:
   6.                                @"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>n"
   7.                                 "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">n"
   8.                                                          "<soap:Body>n"
   9.                                                          "<getOffesetUTCTime xmlns="http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/">n"
  10.                                                          "<hoursOffset>%@</hoursOffset>n"
  11.                                                          "</getOffesetUTCTime>n"
  12.                                                          "</soap:Body>n"
  13.                                                          "</soap:Envelope>n",nameInput.text
  14.                                                          ];
  15.         NSLog(soapMessage);
  16.         //请求发送到的路径
  17.         NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.nanonull.com/TimeService/TimeService.asmx"];
  18.         NSMutableURLRequest *theRequest = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
  19.         NSString *msgLength = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [soapMessage length]];
  20.         
  21.         // 以下对请求信息添加属性前四句是必有的，第五句是soap信息。
  22.         [theRequest addValue: @"text/xml; charset=utf-8" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
  23.         [theRequest addValue: @"http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/getOffesetUTCTime" forHTTPHeaderField:@"SOAPAction"];
  24.         
  25.         [theRequest addValue: msgLength forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
  26.         [theRequest setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
  27.         [theRequest setHTTPBody: [soapMessage dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
  28.         
  29.         // 请求
  30.         NSURLConnection *theConnection = [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:theRequest delegate:self];
  31.         
  32.         // 如果连接已经建好，则初始化data
  33.         if( theConnection )
  34.         {
  35.                 webData = [[NSMutableData data] retain];
  36.         }
  37.         else
  38.         {
  39.                 NSLog(@"theConnection is NULL");
  40.         }
  41.         
  42.         
  43. }

这个方法作用就是封装soap请求,并向服务器发送请求.
代码有注释.不重复讲解.soap并不难,难的是没有案例告诉我们怎么把其它平台的 soap移植过来,这里我给出了代码,我相信对iphone开发人员的话应该能看懂了.我在下面会把此案例的源代码附上.如果自己做不出来再看我的代码. 如果我这样讲您觉得不够细,那说明您的iphone开发还不是太深入,那么您应该用不到soap技术.可以飘过了.
下面的代码是接收信息并解析, 显示到用户界面

   1. -(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response
   2. {
   3.         [webData setLength: 0];
   4.         NSLog(@"connection: didReceiveResponse:1");
   5. }
   6. -(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data
   7. {
   8.         [webData appendData:data];
   9.         NSLog(@"connection: didReceiveData:2");
  10.  
  11. }
  12.  
  13. //如果电脑没有连接网络，则出现 此信息（不是网络服务器不通）
  14. -(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
  15. {
  16.         NSLog(@"ERROR with theConenction");
  17.         [connection release];
  18.         [webData release];
  19. }
  20. -(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
  21. {
  22.         NSLog(@"3 DONE. Received Bytes: %d", [webData length]);
  23.         NSString *theXML = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytes: [webData mutableBytes] length:[webData length] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
  24.         NSLog(theXML);
  25.         [theXML release];
  26.         
  27.         //重新加載xmlParser
  28.         if( xmlParser )
  29.         {
  30.                 [xmlParser release];
  31.         }
  32.         
  33.         xmlParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData: webData];
  34.         [xmlParser setDelegate: self];
  35.         [xmlParser setShouldResolveExternalEntities: YES];
  36.         [xmlParser parse];
  37.         
  38.         [connection release];
  39.         //[webData release];
  40. }