异常的捕获:
static void Main(string[] args) { //继续我们的异步编程的使用嘀呀; //关于主线程是无法捕获我们子线程中的异常滴滴啊; var t = DoExceptionAsync(); t.Wait(); Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(t.Status)}: {t.Status}"); //任务状态 Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(t.IsCompleted)}: {t.IsCompleted}"); //任务完成状态标识 Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(t.IsFaulted)}: {t.IsFaulted}"); //任务是否有未处理的异常标识 Console.ReadLine(); } private static async Task DoExceptionAsync() { try { await Task.Run(() => { throw new Exception(); }); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(DoExceptionAsync)} 出现异常!,异常时:{e.Message.ToString()}"); } } }
结果:
也许你有疑问:
但是:因为:任务没有被取消,并且异常都已经处理完成!
在调用方法中同步等待任务
算了,这个太简单了,有任务的等待,也有任务的取消,.......
代码;
private static void Main(string[] args) { var t = CountCharactersAsync("http://www.cnblogs.com/liqingwen/"); t.Wait(); //等待任务结束 Console.WriteLine($"Result is {t.Result}"); Console.Read(); } /// <summary> /// 统计字符数量 /// </summary> /// <param name="address"></param> /// <returns></returns> private static async Task<int> CountCharactersAsync(string address) { var result = await Task.Run(() => new WebClient().DownloadStringTaskAsync(address)); return result.Length; }
这里还有我们两个静态的方法:可采用 Task 的两个静态方法 WaitAll() 和 WaitAny() 。
private static int time = 0; static void Main(string[] args) { var t1 = CountCharactersAsync("http://www.cnblogs.com/liqingwen/",1); var t2 = GetRandomAsyn(2); //Task 还以见数组地哦; Task<int>[] tasks = new Task<int>[] {t1,t2}; Task.WaitAll(tasks); //或则:Task.WaitAny(tasks); Console.WriteLine($"t1.{nameof(t1.IsCompleted)}: {t1.IsCompleted}"); Console.WriteLine($"t2.{nameof(t2.IsCompleted)}: {t2.IsCompleted}"); Console.ReadLine(); } /// <summary> /// 统计字符数量 /// </summary> /// <param name="address"></param> /// <returns></returns> private static async Task<int> CountCharactersAsync(string address,int id) { var result = await Task.Run(() => new WebClient().DownloadStringTaskAsync(address)); Console.WriteLine($"{id} 已经调用完成"); return result.Length; } //获取一个随机数 private static async Task<int> GetRandomAsyn(int id) { var num = await Task.Run(() => { time++; Thread.Sleep(time * 100); return new Random().Next(); }); Console.WriteLine($"{id} 已经调用完成"); return num; } }
在异步方法中异步等待任务
继续我们的异步编程之路........
class Program { private static int time = 0; static void Main(string[] args) { //继续我们的异步编程地呀; var t = GetRandomAsync(); Console.WriteLine("mian line 1"); //【注意】WhenAll() 异步等待集合内的 Task 都完成,不会占用主线程的时间。 Console.WriteLine($"Result: {t.Result}"); //但是这里会堵塞id呀; Console.WriteLine("mian line 2"); Console.Read(); } private static async Task<int> GetRandomAsync() { time++; var t1 = Task.Run(()=> { Thread.Sleep(time* 600); return new Random().Next(); }); time++; var t2 = Task.Run(() => { Thread.Sleep(time*600); return new Random().Next(); }); //这里开启了两个异步的任务; await Task.WhenAll(new List<Task<int>>() { t1, t2 }); //【注意】WhenAll() 异步等待集合内的 Task 都完成,不会占用主线程的时间。 // await Task.WhenAny(new List<Task<int>>() { t1, t2 }); Console.WriteLine($" t1.{nameof(t1.IsCompleted)}: {t1.IsCompleted} "); Console.WriteLine($" t2.{nameof(t2.IsCompleted)}:{t2.IsCompleted } "); return t1.Result + t2.Result; //这个就返回了 我们想要的基本值滴呀; } }
结果:
如果该成whenAny的结果:
ps:以上结果是有不确定性呀,你懂滴哦;
Task.Delay() 暂停执行
这个其实是Thread.sleep的一种取代方法地呀;
private static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(Main)} - start."); DoAsync(); Console.WriteLine($"{nameof(Main)} - end."); Console.Read(); } private static async void DoAsync() { Console.WriteLine($" {nameof(DoAsync)} - start."); await Task.Delay(500); Console.WriteLine($" {nameof(DoAsync)} - end."); }
结果哦: