Android数据存储之ContentProvider调用联系人数据

此应用分为两步开发：

第一步: 开门见山，直接使用ContentResolver查询通讯录的数据，填充进一个ListView显示

第二步: 给ListView设置上下文菜单，添加查看电话和删除联系人两个选项

 效果图：

　

先给ListView定义一个布局文件contact_list.xml

<TableLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    >

    <TableRow >
        <TextView 
            android:id="@+id/id"    
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            />
        
        <TextView 
            android:id="@+id/name"    
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            />
        
    </TableRow>    
    
</TableLayout>

第一步: 取得各个组件，获取通讯录数据，填充ListView

注意:

for (contactsCursor.moveToFirst(); !contactsCursor.isAfterLast(); contactsCursor.moveToNext()) {...}

上句是query方法返回Cursor后逐条取出其中数据的固定模式

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView mainInfoText = null;
    private ListView contactListView = null;
    private List<Map<String, Object>> list = null;
    private SimpleAdapter adapter = null;
    private Cursor contactsCursor = null;
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        mainInfoText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.mainInfoText);
        contactListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.contactListView);
        
        ContentResolver resolver = super.getContentResolver();
        contactsCursor = resolver.query(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);
        
        // 当前activity取得结果集管理
        super.startManagingCursor(contactsCursor);
        
        list = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
        for (contactsCursor.moveToFirst(); !contactsCursor.isAfterLast(); contactsCursor.moveToNext()) {
            Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            map.put("_id", contactsCursor.getInt(contactsCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID)));
            map.put("name", contactsCursor.getString(contactsCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME)));
            list.add(map);
        }
        adapter = new SimpleAdapter(MainActivity.this, list, R.layout.contact_list, new String[] {"_id", "name"}, new int[] {R.id.id, R.id.name});
        contactListView.setAdapter(adapter);
　　　　　　 // 注册上下文菜单
        this.registerForContextMenu(contactListView);
    }

第二步：

复写二个方法: onCreateContextMenu()

@Override
    public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,
            ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
        super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
        menu.setHeaderTitle("操作选项");
　　　　　　//添加按钮选项
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST + 1, 1, "查看电话");
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST + 2, 1, "删除联系人");
    }

与onContextItemSelected()

    @Override
    public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // 将菜单信息作如下转型， 可获取所长按的ListView中元素position
        AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo info = (AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo) item.getMenuInfo();
        int position = info.position;
        // 由position获取所长按联系人的id
        String _id = list.get(position).get("_id").toString();
        
        // 判断点击了哪个操作选项
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case Menu.FIRST + 1:
            // 写出选择条件
            String selection = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + "=?";
            String[] querySelectionArgs = new String[] { _id };
            
            // 查出符合选择条件id的对应号码
            Cursor telephoneNoCursor = this.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, 
                    null, selection, querySelectionArgs, null);
            StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer("Tel: ");
            // 将号码填充进StringBuffer中
            for(telephoneNoCursor.moveToFirst(); !telephoneNoCursor.isAfterLast(); telephoneNoCursor.moveToNext()) {
                // 注意下面要使用getString而不能用getInt, 否则取到的值会出错
                result.append(telephoneNoCursor.getString(telephoneNoCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER)) + ",");
            }
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, result.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
            
        case Menu.FIRST + 2:
            // 执行删除动作
            super.getContentResolver().delete(Uri.withAppendedPath(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, _id), null, null);
            // 从list中除去
            this.list.remove(position);
            // 通知adapter进行改变
            this.adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "已经删除数据", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        }
        return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
    }
    
}