WPF 3D 常用类(1)

几何数据相关类

Geometry3D

抽象类, 用于定义物体的几何数据, 可用于计算HitTest和BoundingBox

MeshGeometry3D

Geometry3D的子类, 定义网格的顶点, 三角形顶点, 法线, Texture(纹理)的座标

常用属性: Positions, TriangleIndices, Noramls, TextureCoordinates

模型相关类 (模型=几何数据+变形(位置,旋转,尺寸)+材质)

Model3D

抽象类, 表示一个3D模型, 子类有: Light, GeometryModel3D, Model3DGroup

GeometryModel3D

Model3D的子类, 不仅包含了物体的几何数据Geometry, 还包含了物体的材质Matrial, 变形Transform

<GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource myTeapot}">

  <GeometryModel3D.Material>
    <DiffuseMaterial>
      <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
        <SolidColorBrush Color="Blue" Opacity="1.0" /></DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
      </DiffuseMaterial>
  </GeometryModel3D.Material>

  <GeometryModel3D.Transform>
    <RotateTransform3D>
      <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
        <AxisAngleRotation3D x:Name="myAngleRotation" Axis="0,3,0" Angle="1" />
      </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
    </RotateTransform3D>
  </GeometryModel3D.Transform>

</GeometryModel3D>

----------------------------------------------------------------------

<GeometryModel3D>

  <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
          <MeshGeometry3D 
              Positions="-1 -1 0  1 -1 0  -1 1 0  1 1 0"
              Normals="0 0 1  0 0 1  0 0 1  0 0 1"
              TextureCoordinates="0 1  1 1  0 0  1 0   "
              TriangleIndices="0 1 2  1 3 2" />
      </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>

      <GeometryModel3D.Material>
          <DiffuseMaterial>
              <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                  <SolidColorBrush Color="Cyan" Opacity="0.3"/>
              </DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
          </DiffuseMaterial>
      </GeometryModel3D.Material>

      <GeometryModel3D.Transform>
          <TranslateTransform3D
            OffsetX="2" OffsetY="0" OffsetZ="-1"   >
          </TranslateTransform3D>
      </GeometryModel3D.Transform>

  </GeometryModel3D>

多个GeometryModel3D的实例可以共享一个Geometry3D的实例, 只需设置不通的Material, Transform就可以呈现出不同的物体.

 

视觉相关类 (包含一个Model3D对象)

Visual3D

Visual的职责是:

• Output display
• Transformations
• Hittesting
• Clipping
• Bounding box calculations

没有的功能包括:

• Event handling
• Layout
• Styles
• Data binding
• Globalization

抽象类, Viewport3D.Children就是Visual3D对象的集合

Visual3D类有一个属性Visual3DModel, 该属性的类型是Model3D

class Visual3D

{

Model3D Visual3DModel { get;set; }

}

ModelVisual3D

Visual3D的子类, 增加了Content, Children等属性

容易混淆的名字 : Visual3D, ModelVisual3D, Model3D, Visual3DModel(属性名)

Viewport3D

负责渲染3D对象, HitTest, 大致由Camera + 一组ModelVisual3D对象(Lights + 多个GeometryModel3D对象)

       <Viewport3D ClipToBounds="True" Width="150" Height="150" Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="10">

          <!-- Defines the camera used to view the 3D object. -->
          <Viewport3D.Camera>
            <PerspectiveCamera Position="0,0,2" LookDirection="0,0,-1" FieldOfView="60" />
          </Viewport3D.Camera>

          <!-- The ModelVisual3D children contain the 3D models -->
          <Viewport3D.Children>

            <!-- Light -->
            <ModelVisual3D>
              <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                <DirectionalLight Color="#FFFFFF" Direction="-0.612372,-0.5,-0.612372" />
              </ModelVisual3D.Content>
            </ModelVisual3D>

            <!-- Objects -->
            <ModelVisual3D>
              <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                <GeometryModel3D>

                  <!-- The geometry specifes the shape of the 3D plane. In this sample, a flat sheet is created. -->
                  <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                    <MeshGeometry3D
                     TriangleIndices="0,1,2 3,4,5 "
                     Normals="0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 "
                     TextureCoordinates="0,0 1,0 1,1 1,1 0,1 0,0 "
                     Positions="-0.5,-0.5,0.5 0.5,-0.5,0.5 0.5,0.5,0.5 0.5,0.5,0.5 -0.5,0.5,0.5 -0.5,-0.5,0.5 " />
                  </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>

                  <!-- The material specifies the material applied to the 3D object. In this sample a linear gradient 
                       covers the surface of the 3D object.-->
                  <GeometryModel3D.Material>
                    <MaterialGroup>
                      <DiffuseMaterial>
                        <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                          <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0.5" EndPoint="1,0.5">
                            <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                              <GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0" />
                              <GradientStop Color="Red" Offset="0.25" />
                              <GradientStop Color="Blue" Offset="0.75" />
                              <GradientStop Color="LimeGreen" Offset="1" />
                            </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                          </LinearGradientBrush>
                        </DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                      </DiffuseMaterial>
                    </MaterialGroup>
                  </GeometryModel3D.Material>

                  <!-- Apply a transform to the object. In this sample, a rotation transform is applied, rendering the 
                       3D object rotated. -->
                  <GeometryModel3D.Transform>
                    <RotateTransform3D>
                      <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
                        <AxisAngleRotation3D Axis="0,3,0" Angle="40" />
                      </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
                    </RotateTransform3D>
                  </GeometryModel3D.Transform>
                </GeometryModel3D>

              </ModelVisual3D.Content>
            </ModelVisual3D>

          </Viewport3D.Children>
        </Viewport3D>

Viewport2DVisual3D

用于把一个2D对象,比如Button, TextBlock放在一个3D物体上

<Viewport2DVisual3D Geometry="{StaticResource plane}">

        <Viewport2DVisual3D.Material>
          <DiffuseMaterial  Viewport2DVisual3D.IsVisualHostMaterial="true" />
        </Viewport2DVisual3D.Material>        

        <Button>3.5!</Button>           

 </Viewport2DVisual3D>

Viewport3DVisual

把一组3D对象绘制在2D对象上

UIElement3D(支持事件)

UIElement3D

ModelUIElement3D : 和ModelVisual3D类似, 但支持事件

ContainerUIElement3D : 一组ModelUIElement3D的集合, 但不表现自己